web框架之Spring-MVC环境搭建

spring框架jar包

1、下载spring源包

spring地址：http://www.springsource.org/download
我下的是spring-framework-3.1.0.RELEASE-with-docs.zip
下载依赖包：spring-framework-3.0.5.RELEASE-dependencies.zip

注意官网上3.0.3版本以后同版本依赖包不提供下载

2、导入所需jar包

引入dist目录下除了下面三个其余所有包

org.springframework.web.struts-3.1.0.RELEASE.jar

org.springframework.spring-library-3.1.0.RELEASE.libd

org.springframework.web.portlet-3.1.0.RELEASE.jar

引入依赖包下com.springsource.org.apache.commons.logging-1.1.1.jar及com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar

spring框架配置

1、web.xml配置

[html] view plaincopyprint?

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<web-app   
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"   
    xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"  
    id="WebApp_ID"   
    version="3.0">  
    <context-param>  
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
        <!-- 应用上下文配置文件 -->  
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>  
    </context-param>  
    <listener>  
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
    </listener>  
    <!-- 配置spring核心servlet -->  
    <servlet>  
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>  
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
    </servlet>  
    <!-- url-pattern配置为/，不带文件后缀，会造成其它静态文件(js，css等)不能访问。如配为*.do，则不影响静态文件的访问 -->  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  
    </servlet-mapping>  
</web-app>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID"
version="3.0">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<!-- 应用上下文配置文件 -->
<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置spring核心servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- url-pattern配置为/，不带文件后缀，会造成其它静态文件(js，css等)不能访问。如配为*.do，则不影响静态文件的访问 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

2、应用上下文配置

spring-servlet.xml即配置用于开启基于注解的springMVC功能，照web.xml中设定，路径为WEB-INF下

[html] view plaincopyprint?

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
 xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">  
     <!-- 启动注解驱动的Spring MVC功能，注册请求url和注解POJO类方法的映射-->  
     <mvc:annotation-driven />  
     <!-- 启动包扫描功能，以便注册带有@Controller、@Service、@repository、@Component等注解的类成为spring的bean -->  
     <context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc.rest" />  
     <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析，在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->  
     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp" />  
</beans>  

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"> <!-- 启动注解驱动的Spring MVC功能，注册请求url和注解POJO类方法的映射-->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 启动包扫描功能，以便注册带有@Controller、@Service、@repository、@Component等注解的类成为spring的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc.rest" />
<!-- 对模型视图名称的解析，在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp" />
</beans>

Demo例子
1、根据spring-servlet.xml配置的包路径（com.mvc.rest）新建Constroller

[java] view plaincopyprint?

package com.mvc.rest;  
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;  
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;  
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;  
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;  
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;  
@Controller  
public class RestConstroller {  
    public RestConstroller() {}  
    @RequestMapping(value = "/login/{user}", method = RequestMethod.GET)  
    public ModelAndView myMethod(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,   
            @PathVariable("user") String user, ModelMap modelMap) throws Exception {  
        modelMap.put("loginUser", user);  
        return new ModelAndView("/login/hello", modelMap);  
    }  
    @RequestMapping(value = "/welcome", method = RequestMethod.GET)  
    public String registPost() {  
        return "/welcome";  
    }  
}  

package com.mvc.rest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class RestConstroller {
public RestConstroller() {}
@RequestMapping(value = "/login/{user}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView myMethod(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,
@PathVariable("user") String user, ModelMap modelMap) throws Exception {
modelMap.put("loginUser", user);
return new ModelAndView("/login/hello", modelMap);
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/welcome", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String registPost() {
return "/welcome";
}
}

2、建jsp视图

视图路径在spring-servlet.xml配置（/WEB-INF/view/），据上述RestConstroller 类，我们在WEB-INF下建立view目录，在view下建立welcome.jsp及login/hello.jsp

welcome.jsp随意，hello.jsp代码如下：

[html] view plaincopyprint?

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>  
<%  
String path = request.getContextPath();  
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";  
%>  
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">  
<html>  
<head>  
<base href="<%=basePath%>">  
<title>My JSP 'hello.jsp' starting page</title>  
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">  
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">  
</head>  
<body>  
    你好:<%=request.getAttribute("loginUser") %>，现在时间是<%= new Date() %>  
</body>  
</html>  

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'hello.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
</head>
<body>
你好:<%=request.getAttribute("loginUser") %>，现在时间是<%= new Date() %>
</body>
</html>

3、部署访问
http://localhost:8080/SpringMvcDemo/welcome