知识总结-Java 操作 Excel (读取Excel2003 2007，Poi实现)

Java 操作 Excel (读取Excel2003 2007，Poi实现)

一. Apache POI 简介（ http://poi.apache.org/）
使用Java程序读写Microsoft Office，提供了下面这几种类型：

HSSF－提供读写Microsoft Excel XLS格式档案的功能。

XSSF－提供读写Microsoft Excel OOXML XLSX格式档案的功能。

HWPF－提供读写Microsoft Word DOC格式档案的功能。

HSLF－ 供读写Microsoft PowerPoint格式档案的功能。

HDGF－提供读Microsoft Visio格式档案的功能。

HPBF－提供读Microsoft Publisher格式档案的功能。

二、POI操作Excel

1. 官方快速帮助：http://poi.apache.org/spreadsheet/quick-guide.html

2. 导入包：poi-3.6.jar

Java代码



package excel.poi;

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.util.Date;

import java.util.Iterator;

import org.apache.poi.POITextExtractor;

import org.apache.poi.extractor.ExtractorFactory;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDataFormat;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;

import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;

import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.OpenXML4JException;

import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.IndexedColors;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCellStyle;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCreationHelper;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

import org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlException;

public class ReadExcel {

/**

* 读取office 2003 xls

* @param filePath

*/

@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "deprecation" })

public void loadXls(String filePath){

try {

InputStream input = new FileInputStream("D:\\资料\\文档一期\\xls\\082010 凤鸣轩书单.xls");

POIFSFileSystem fs = new POIFSFileSystem(input);

HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);

HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);

// Iterate over each row in the sheet

Iterator rows = sheet.rowIterator();

while (rows.hasNext()) {

HSSFRow row = (HSSFRow) rows.next();

System.out.println("Row #" + row.getRowNum());

// Iterate over each cell in the row and print out the cell"s

// content

Iterator cells = row.cellIterator();

while (cells.hasNext()) {

HSSFCell cell = (HSSFCell) cells.next();

System.out.println("Cell #" + cell.getCellNum());

switch (cell.getCellType()) {

case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:

System.out.println(cell.getNumericCellValue());

break;

case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:

System.out.println(cell.getStringCellValue());

break;

case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:

System.out.println(cell.getBooleanCellValue());

break;

case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:

System.out.println(cell.getCellFormula());

break;

default:

System.out.println("unsuported sell type");

break;

}

}

}

} catch (IOException ex) {

ex.printStackTrace();

}

}

/**

* 读取xlsx文本

* @param filePath

*/

public void loadXlsxText(String filePath){

File inputFile = new File("D:\\test.xlsx");

try {

POITextExtractor extractor = ExtractorFactory.createExtractor(inputFile);

System.out.println(extractor.getText());

} catch (InvalidFormatException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (OpenXML4JException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (XmlException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

/**

* 读取office 2007 xlsx

* @param filePath

*/

public void loadXlsx(String filePath){

// 构造 XSSFWorkbook 对象，strPath 传入文件路径

XSSFWorkbook xwb = null;

try {

xwb = new XSSFWorkbook("D:\\text.xlsx");

} catch (IOException e) {

System.out.println("读取文件出错");

e.printStackTrace();

}

// 读取第一章表格内容

XSSFSheet sheet = xwb.getSheetAt(0);

// 定义 row、cell

XSSFRow row;

String cell;

// 循环输出表格中的内容

for (int i = sheet.getFirstRowNum()+1; i < sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows(); i++) {

row = sheet.getRow(i);

for (int j = row.getFirstCellNum(); j < row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells(); j++) {

// 通过 row.getCell(j).toString() 获取单元格内容，

if (j==1&&i!=0) {

cell = row.getCell(j).getDateCellValue().toLocaleString();

}else {

cell = row.getCell(j).toString();

}

/* //获取字体和背景颜色

String rgbShort=row.getCell(j).getCellStyle().getFont().getCTFont().getColorArray()[0].xmlText();

rgbShort=ReadExcel.substringBetween(rgbShort, "rgb=\"","\"/>");

String rgbShort=row.getCell(j).getCellStyle().getFillBackgroundXSSFColor().getCTColor().toString();

Color color=new Color(Color.BLUE.getRGB());

System.out.print(cell +",index:"+rgbShort+" red:"+color.getRed()+" blue:"+color.getBlue()+"\t"); */

System.out.print(cell +"\t");

}

System.out.println("");

}

}

/**

* HSSF 写入excel xls 格式

* @param filePath

* @throws IOException

*/

public void writeXls(String filePath)throws IOException{

//工作簿 23.

HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook=new HSSFWorkbook();

//创建sheet页 25.

HSSFSheet hssfsheet=hssfworkbook.createSheet();

//sheet名称

hssfworkbook.setSheetName(0,"研发部门");

//取得第一行 29.

HSSFRow hssfrow=hssfsheet.createRow(0);

//创建第一个单元格并处理乱码 31.

HSSFCell hssfcell_0=hssfrow.createCell((short)0);

//hssfcell_0.setEncoding(HSSFWorkbook.ENCODING_UTF_16);

//对第一个单元格赋值 34.

hssfcell_0.setCellValue("研发工程师1");

//日期单元格格式处理

HSSFCellStyle hssfcellstyle=hssfworkbook.createCellStyle();

//m/d/yyh:mm 39.

hssfcellstyle.setDataFormat(HSSFDataFormat.getBuiltinFormat("m/d/yy"));

//创建第二个单元格 41.

HSSFCell hssfcell_1=hssfrow.createCell((short)1);

hssfcell_1.setCellValue(new Date());

hssfcell_1.setCellStyle(hssfcellstyle);

hssfrow.createCell((short)2).setCellValue(true);

hssfrow.createCell((short)3).setCellValue(122.00);

//输出 49.

FileOutputStream fileoutputstream=new FileOutputStream("d:\\exceltext.xls");

hssfworkbook.write(fileoutputstream);

fileoutputstream.close();

}

@SuppressWarnings("static-access")

public void writeXlsx(String filePath)throws IOException{

//工作簿

XSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook=new XSSFWorkbook();

//获得CreationHelper对象,这个应该是一个帮助类

XSSFCreationHelper helper=hssfworkbook.getCreationHelper();

//创建sheet页

XSSFSheet hssfsheet=hssfworkbook.createSheet();

//设置sheet名称

hssfworkbook.setSheetName(0,"我的测试sheet");

//取得第一行

XSSFRow firstRow=hssfsheet.createRow(0);

//创建第一个单元格

XSSFCell hssfcell_0=firstRow.createCell(0);

//hssfcell_0.setEncoding(HSSFWorkbook.ENCODING_UTF_16);并处理乱码

//对第一个单元格赋值

hssfcell_0.setCellValue("名称");

//创建第二个单元格

XSSFCell hssfcell_1=firstRow.createCell(1);

hssfcell_1.setCellValue("创建日期");

//日期单元格格式处理

XSSFCellStyle dateCellStyle=hssfworkbook.createCellStyle();

//m/d/yyh:mm 设置日期格式

dateCellStyle.setDataFormat(helper.createDataFormat().getFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"));

dateCellStyle=ReadExcel.setFillBackgroundColors(dateCellStyle, IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex(), IndexedColors.YELLOW.getIndex(), dateCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);

//设置其他标题

firstRow.createCell(2).setCellValue("用户");

firstRow.createCell(3).setCellValue("备注");

//写入所有内容行

for (int rowInt = 1; rowInt < 10; rowInt++) {

XSSFRow row =hssfsheet.createRow(rowInt);

XSSFCell cell_0=row.createCell(0);

cell_0.setCellValue("刘伯恩");

XSSFCell cell_1=row.createCell(1);

cell_1.setCellValue(new Date());

cell_1.setCellStyle(dateCellStyle);

XSSFCell cell_2=row.createCell(2);

cell_2.setCellValue("超级会员");

XSSFCell cell_3=row.createCell(3);

cell_3.setCellValue("这里是备注信息");

}

//输出 49.

FileOutputStream fileoutputstream=new FileOutputStream("d:\\exceltext.xlsx");

hssfworkbook.write(fileoutputstream);

fileoutputstream.close();

}

/**

* 前景和背景填充的着色

* @param cellStyle

* @param bg IndexedColors.ORANGE.getIndex();

* @param fg IndexedColors.ORANGE.getIndex();

* @param fp CellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND

* @return

*/

public static XSSFCellStyle setFillBackgroundColors(XSSFCellStyle cellStyle,short bg,short fg,short fp){

cellStyle.setFillBackgroundColor(bg);

cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(fg);

cellStyle.setFillPattern(fp);

return cellStyle;

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

ReadExcel readExcel =new ReadExcel();

/* try {

readExcel.writeXlsx("");

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}*/

readExcel.loadXls("");

}

}