关于轮廓的各种使用

注解：楼主现在处于学习中，大部分是转载。

#include "cv.h"
#include "highgui.h"
#include "cvaux.h"
#include "cxcore.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

#define PI 3.14159f
void DrawBox(CvBox2D box,IplImage* img)
{
CvPoint2D32f points[4];
cvBoxPoints(box,points);

CvPoint pt[4];
for (int i=0; i<4; i++)
{
pt[i].x = (int)points[i].x;
pt[i].y = (int)points[i].y;
}
cvLine( img, pt[0], pt[1],CV_RGB(255,0,0), 2, 8, 0 );
cvLine( img, pt[1], pt[2],CV_RGB(255,0,0), 2, 8, 0 );
cvLine( img, pt[2], pt[3],CV_RGB(255,0,0), 2, 8, 0 );
cvLine( img, pt[3], pt[0],CV_RGB(255,0,0), 2, 8, 0 );
}

void main()
{
IplImage* img1 = cvLoadImage("5.jpg",1);
IplImage* img1_gray =cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(img1),8,1);
cvCvtColor(img1,img1_gray,CV_BGR2GRAY);
IplImage* img_edge1 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(img1),8,1);
cvThreshold(img1_gray,img_edge1,240,255,CV_THRESH_BINARY);

printf("图1：\n\n");
CvMemStorage* storage1 = cvCreateMemStorage();
CvSeq* contour1 = NULL;
int Nc1= cvFindContours(img_edge1,storage1,&contour1,sizeof(CvContour),CV_RETR_LIST);//最后一个参数的可变性
printf("轮廓数：%d\n",Nc1);

//轮廓的矩
CvMoments *moments1=new CvMoments();
cvMoments(contour1,moments1,0);
//Hu矩
CvHuMoments *huMonents1=new CvHuMoments();
cvGetHuMoments(moments1,huMonents1);
printf("遍历三阶矩：\n");
for (int xOrder = 0; xOrder <= 3; xOrder++)
for (int yOrder = 0; yOrder <= 3; yOrder++)
{
if (xOrder + yOrder <= 3)
{
double spatialMoment =cvGetSpatialMoment(moments1,xOrder, yOrder);
double centralMoment =cvGetCentralMoment(moments1,xOrder, yOrder);
double normalizedCentralMoment =cvGetNormalizedCentralMoment(moments1,xOrder, yOrder);
printf("  %d,%d ： 空间距-%.2f, 中心距-%.2f, 归一化中心距-%.2f\n",xOrder,yOrder,spatialMoment,centralMoment,normalizedCentralMoment);
}
}
printf("Hu矩：%f,%f,%f,%f,%f,%f,%f\n",huMonents1->hu1,huMonents1->hu2,huMonents1->hu3,huMonents1->hu3,huMonents1->hu5,huMonents1->hu6,huMonents1->hu7);

printf("\n图2：\n\n");
IplImage* img2 = cvLoadImage("6.jpg",1);
IplImage* img2_gray =cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(img2),8,1);
cvCvtColor(img2,img2_gray,CV_BGR2GRAY);
IplImage* img_edge2 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(img2),8,1);
cvThreshold(img2_gray,img_edge2,128,255,CV_THRESH_BINARY);

CvMemStorage* storage2 = cvCreateMemStorage();
CvSeq* contour2 = NULL;
int Nc2 = cvFindContours(img_edge2,storage2,&contour2,sizeof(CvContour),CV_RETR_LIST);
printf("轮廓数：%d\n\n",Nc2);

printf("遍历三阶矩：\n");
CvMoments*moments2=new CvMoments();
cvMoments(contour2,moments2,0);
CvHuMoments	*huMonents2=new CvHuMoments();
cvGetHuMoments(moments2,huMonents2);
for (int xOrder = 0; xOrder <= 3; xOrder++)
for (int yOrder = 0; yOrder <= 3; yOrder++)
{
if (xOrder + yOrder <= 3)
{
double spatialMoment =cvGetSpatialMoment(moments2,xOrder, yOrder);
double centralMoment =cvGetCentralMoment(moments2,xOrder, yOrder);
double normalizedCentralMoment =cvGetNormalizedCentralMoment(moments2,xOrder, yOrder);
printf("  %d,%d ： 空间距-%.2f, 中心距-%.2f, 归一化中心距-%.2f\n",xOrder,yOrder,spatialMoment,centralMoment,normalizedCentralMoment);
}
}
printf("Hu矩：%f,%f,%f,%f,%f,%f,%f\n",huMonents2->hu1,huMonents2->hu2,huMonents2->hu3,huMonents2->hu3,huMonents2->hu5,huMonents2->hu6,huMonents2->hu7);

//Hu矩匹配
double hu = cvMatchShapes(contour1,contour2,CV_CONTOURS_MATCH_I1,0);
printf("\n\nHu矩匹配：%f\n",hu);

//轮廓树匹配
CvMemStorage* storage3 = cvCreateMemStorage();
CvMemStorage* storage4= cvCreateMemStorage();
CvContourTree* tree1 = cvCreateContourTree(contour1,storage3,200);
CvContourTree* tree2 = cvCreateContourTree(contour2,storage4,200);
double tree = cvMatchContourTrees(tree1,tree2,CV_CONTOURS_MATCH_I1,200);
printf("\n轮廓树匹配：%.4f\n\n",tree);

//将轮廓线画出
double s1,len1,h1,d1;
CvRect rect1;
CvBox2D box1,ellipse1;
CvPoint2D32f center1;
float radius1;
IplImage* mask1=cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(img1),8,1);
IplImage* dst1=cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(img1),8,3);

//轮廓的成对几何直方图匹配
int sizes[2] = {60, 200};
float ranges[2][2] = {{0,PI}, {0,200}};
float** rangesPtr = new float* [2];
rangesPtr[0] = ranges[0];
rangesPtr[1] = ranges[1];

CvHistogram* hist1,*hist2;
hist1 = cvCreateHist(2, sizes, CV_HIST_ARRAY, rangesPtr, 1);
hist2 = cvCreateHist(2, sizes, CV_HIST_ARRAY, rangesPtr, 1);
cvCalcPGH(contour1, hist1);
cvCalcPGH(contour2, hist2);
cvNormalizeHist(hist1, 1);
cvNormalizeHist(hist2, 1);

double hist= cvCompareHist(hist1,hist2, CV_COMP_INTERSECT);
printf("\n成对几何直方图匹配:%.2f\n\n\n", hist);

printf("图1：\n\n");
for( int i=1; contour1!= 0; contour1 = contour1->h_next,i++)
{
IplImage* img1_copy =cvCloneImage(img1);
printf("\n第%d个轮廓：\n",i);
CvScalar color = CV_RGB( 0, 0,255);
cvZero( mask1);
cvZero( dst1 );
cvDrawContours(mask1, contour1, color, color, -1, 1);//边界线的厚度，默认为 1，得到的是轮廓外形这里设置为 -1即CV_FILLED，
//是指对轮廓内的区域进行填充,通过cvCopy可将原图轮廓中的内容保留下来
cvCopy(img1_copy, dst1, mask1); //可将原图轮廓中的内容保留下来
cvSaveImage("111.bmp",dst1);//debug查看效果
s1 = fabs(cvContourArea(contour1));//轮廓面积
printf("  轮廓面积：%f\n",s1);
len1=cvArcLength(contour1);
printf("  轮廓周长：%f\n",len1);
rect1=cvBoundingRect(contour1);//轮廓的边界框
cvRectangle(img1_copy,cvPoint(rect1.x,rect1.y),cvPoint(rect1.x+rect1.width,rect1.y+rect1.height),CV_RGB(255,255,0));
box1=cvMinAreaRect2(contour1);//最小矩形
DrawBox(box1,img1_copy);
cvMinEnclosingCircle(contour1,¢er1,&radius1);//外围圆
cvCircle(img1_copy,cvPoint((int)center1.x,(int)center1.y),radius1,CV_RGB(0,255,0));
ellipse1=cvFitEllipse2(contour1);//外围椭圆
cvEllipseBox(img1_copy,ellipse1,CV_RGB(0,0,255));
cvSaveImage("222.bmp",img1_copy);//debug查看效果
int flag=cvCheckContourConvexity(contour1);//凹凸性，检测不准确???
if (flag)
printf("  为凸包\n");
else
printf("  为凹包\n");
CvSeq* convexHull1=cvConvexHull2(contour1,NULL,1,1);//凸外多边形
//当return_points=0时，用cvConvexHull2函数得到的凸外形，包含的是轮廓的定点的指针或下标，
//而当return_points为非0时，得到的是外形点的本身。大家知道计算整个轮廓或部分轮廓的面积的函数定义为：
cvZero( mask1);
cvZero( dst1 );
cvDrawContours(mask1,convexHull1, color, color, -1, 2);
cvCopy(img1_copy, dst1, mask1); //可将原图轮廓中的内容保留下来
cvSaveImage("333.bmp",dst1);//debug查看效果
h1 = fabs(cvContourArea(convexHull1));//轮廓面积
printf("  凸外多边形面积为：%f\n",h1);
//CvSeq *defects1=cvConvexityDefects(contour1,convexHull1);//缺陷
//Seq<CvConvexityDefect> defects2=cvConvexityDefects(contour1,convexHull1);//为什么都不可以
//d1 = fabs(cvContourArea(defects1));//轮廓面积
//printf("  缺陷面积为：%f\n",d1);
}
cvReleaseMemStorage(&storage1);
cvReleaseMemStorage(&storage2);
cvReleaseMemStorage(&storage3);
cvReleaseMemStorage(&storage4);

}