Spring + Hessian 实现轻量级分布式远程调用【包含rmi方式重构】
2013-03-27 11:11
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| 最近一期的《programmer》里几乎从头至尾在讲关于“J2EE without EJB”的事情，可怜的ejb啊，居然被描述成了遗产系统的重要组成部分。。。 其实有上面的结论，无外乎现在java里面的新技术已经几乎能完全取代ejb的优点，而克服ejb的缺点，entity bean和有状态的session bean已经机乎被视为垃圾，hibernate和spring大行其到，看看最进n期《programmer》中篇幅的比重就知道了。本来我个人的感觉是hibernate取代了entity bean，spring取代了session bean，但是ejb的远程调用用hibernate和spring的架构还取代不了，可是在最近的一期《programmer》中我发现了Hessian！更爽的是，发现了spring原来可以和Hessian结合使用！看来真的可以say byebye to ejb了。 看到这么振奋人心的消息，怎么能不亲自试验一下呢，于是上http://www.caucho.com/以迅雷不及掩耳盗铃之势下载了Hessian的src jar和bin jar。create一个工程，把这些相关的jar统统扔进去，配置和coding就可以开始了。首先，开了如下几个包： whao.test.hessian.server 放远程服务的接口 whao.test.hessian.server.impl 放远程服务的实现类 whao.test.hessian.client 放客户端应用 1． whao.test.hessian.server中写一个MyService接口： Java代码    /* * Created on 2005-7-25 * */ package whao.test.hessian.server; /** * @author Hao Wei * */ public interface MyService { public String doSomething(String s);; } /*
* Created on 2005-7-25
*
*/
package whao.test.hessian.server;
/**
* @author Hao Wei
*
*/
public interface MyService {
public String doSomething(String s);;
}2． whao.test.hessian.server.impl中写一个实现类 Java代码 /* * Created on 2005-7-25 * */ package whao.test.hessian.server.impl; import whao.test.hessian.server.MyService; /** * @author Hao Wei * */ public class MyServiceImpl implements MyService { /* (non-Javadoc); * @see whao.test.hessian.server.MyService#doSomething(java.lang.String); */ public String doSomething(String s); { return "HAHAHA: " + s; } } /*
* Created on 2005-7-25
*
*/
package whao.test.hessian.server.impl;
import whao.test.hessian.server.MyService;
/**
* @author Hao Wei
*
*/
public class MyServiceImpl implements MyService {
/* (non-Javadoc);
* @see whao.test.hessian.server.MyService#doSomething(java.lang.String);
*/
public String doSomething(String s); {
return "HAHAHA: " + s;
}
}3. 配置远程服务 Hessian的远程服务要配置成servlet，配置如下： Java代码 <servlet> <servlet-name>myservice</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.caucho.hessian.server.HessianServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> <init-param> <param-name>service-class</param-name> <param-value>whao.test.hessian.server.impl.MyServiceImpl</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>myservice</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/myservice</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>myservice</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.caucho.hessian.server.HessianServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> <init-param> <param-name>service-class</param-name> <param-value>whao.test.hessian.server.impl.MyServiceImpl</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>myservice</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/myservice</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> 这样，当启动了这个web应用，这个远程服务就以url http://localhost:8080/test_web/myservice 的形式发布了。然后就是开发客户端来调用这个远程服务。 Java代码 /* * Created on 2005-7-25 * */ package whao.test.hessian.client; import whao.test.hessian.server.MyService; import com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxyFactory; /** * @author Hao Wei * */ public class TestMain { public static void main(String[] args); throws Exception { HessianProxyFactory proxyFactory = new HessianProxyFactory();; MyService service = (MyService); proxyFactory.create(MyService.class, "http://localhost:8080/test_web/myservice");; System.out.println(service.doSomething("xixixixi"););; System.out.println("ok!");; } } /*
* Created on 2005-7-25
*
*/
package whao.test.hessian.client;
import whao.test.hessian.server.MyService;
import com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxyFactory;
/**
* @author Hao Wei
*
*/
public class TestMain {
public static void main(String[] args); throws Exception {
HessianProxyFactory proxyFactory = new HessianProxyFactory();;
MyService service = (MyService); proxyFactory.create(MyService.class,
"http://localhost:8080/test_web/myservice");;
System.out.println(service.doSomething("xixixixi"););;
System.out.println("ok!");;
}
}运行一把，显示 HAHAHA:xixixi ok! 不错不错，纯Hessian的远程调用就这样搞定了。继续研究《programmer》看到上面介绍用spring的远程访问解决方案来访问ejb的远程服务。什么？spring还有远程解决方案？没听说过嘛，看了《programmer》上的介绍，发现是真的。那么既然spring能访问ejb的远程服务，那么能访问Hessian的远程服务么？打开spring.jar看看，居然发现了名曰org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean的类！夏昕真不厚道啊，再他的spring中文教程中居然匿掉了spring里这么好的东西！于是打开sping英文版reference，终于找到了用spring配置Hessian客户端的方法： Java代码 <bean id="myService" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean"> <property name="serviceUrl"> <value> http://localhost:8080/test_web/myservice </value> </property> <property name="serviceInterface"> <value>whao.test.hessian.server.MyService</value> </property> </bean> <bean id="myService" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean"> <property name="serviceUrl"> <value> http://localhost:8080/test_web/myservice </value> </property> <property name="serviceInterface"> <value>whao.test.hessian.server.MyService</value> </property> </bean> 然后客户端就可以这么玩啦： Java代码 /* * Created on 2005-7-25 * */ package whao.test.hessian.client; import whao.test.hessian.server.MyService; import whao.util.spirng.SpringBeanFactory; import com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxyFactory; /** * @author Hao Wei * */ public class TestMain { public static void main(String[] args); throws Exception { testWithSpring();; } public static void testWithSpring();{ MyService service = (MyService);SpringBeanFactory.getBean("myService");; System.out.println(service.doSomething("lllllllll"););; System.out.println("ok!");; } public static void testWithoutSpring(); throws Exception { HessianProxyFactory proxyFactory = new HessianProxyFactory();; MyService service = (MyService); proxyFactory.create(MyService.class, "http://localhost:8080/test_web/myservice");; System.out.println(service.doSomething("xixixixi"););; System.out.println("ok!");; } } /*
* Created on 2005-7-25
*
*/
package whao.test.hessian.client;
import whao.test.hessian.server.MyService;
import whao.util.spirng.SpringBeanFactory;
import com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxyFactory;
/**
* @author Hao Wei
*
*/
public class TestMain {
public static void main(String[] args); throws Exception {
testWithSpring();;
}
public static void testWithSpring();{
MyService service = (MyService);SpringBeanFactory.getBean("myService");;
System.out.println(service.doSomething("lllllllll"););;
System.out.println("ok!");;
}
public static void testWithoutSpring(); throws Exception {
HessianProxyFactory proxyFactory = new HessianProxyFactory();;
MyService service = (MyService); proxyFactory.create(MyService.class,
"http://localhost:8080/test_web/myservice");;
System.out.println(service.doSomething("xixixixi"););;
System.out.println("ok!");;
}
}执行一下，输出是： HAHAHA:lllllllll ok! spring真是个好东东，呵呵，其中的SpringBeanFactory是这样实现的： Java代码 /* * Created on 2005-7-25 * */ package whao.util.spirng; import javax.servlet.ServletContext; import org.apache.commons.logging.Log; import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext; import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils; /** * @author Hao Wei * */ public class SpringBeanFactory { private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(SpringBeanFactory.class);; private static ApplicationContext ctx = null; public static Object getBean(ServletContext context, String beanID); { log.info("beanID=" + beanID);; ApplicationContext ac = WebApplicationContextUtils .getWebApplicationContext(context);; return ac.getBean(beanID);; } public static Object getBean(String beanID);{ if(ctx == null);{ ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext( "D:\\whao-work\\src\\test_web\\test_web\\WEB-INF\\applicationContext.xml");; } return ctx.getBean(beanID);; } } /*
* Created on 2005-7-25
*
*/
package whao.util.spirng;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;
/**
* @author Hao Wei
*
*/
public class SpringBeanFactory {
private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(SpringBeanFactory.class);;
private static ApplicationContext ctx = null;
public static Object getBean(ServletContext context, String beanID); {
log.info("beanID=" + beanID);;
ApplicationContext ac = WebApplicationContextUtils
.getWebApplicationContext(context);;
return ac.getBean(beanID);;
}
public static Object getBean(String beanID);{
if(ctx == null);{
ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(
"D:\\whao-work\\src\\test_web\\test_web\\WEB-INF\\applicationContext.xml");;
}
return ctx.getBean(beanID);;
}
}看到sping.jar的包org.springframework.remoting.caucho中还有另外两个类叫HessianClientInterceptor和HessianServiceExporter，看来貌似hessian服务端也可以和spring结合，还有客户端的Interceptor估计可以实现对远程服务的AOP，要继续研究一下了，待续吧 声明：ITeye文章版权属于作者，受法律保护。没有作者书面许可不得转载。 推荐链接 - Java开发新方式：专注UI，快速开发！ | |
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| benber 等级:   性别:  文章: 23 积分: 185 来自: 上海  | 发表时间：2005-07-31 在成功的将hessian server端也和spring结合后，从整个分布式应用的架构可以看出，无论是服务端与客户端共有的业务接口，还是服务端业务实现类，以及客户端访问远程服务的应用代码里，已经没有一行关于远程操作的代码了。也就是spring让我们的分布式业务开发完全无关于远程访问协议了，这样我们就可以埋头开发服务端和客户端的业务接口、实现、应用等等，二不必关心远程调用究竟要怎么实现。很明显，这也是AOP（面向方面的编程）的一个比较完美的应用，它使远程访问接口和业务逻辑完全无耦合的分开了。设想一下，如果某天我们有需要，远程访问的接口要从rmi、jax-rpc、hessian、httpinvoker之间做切换，也只要改下配置文件就ok了，一行代码都不用改，真的非常exciting。 接着前面那篇日志，先把spring和hessian在服务端的结合帖上来： 接口，还是那个接口~；实现，还是那个实现~~；配置却不是了那个配置呀~~~ 首先，servlet变成了： Java代码 <servlet> <servlet-name>remote</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>remote</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/remote/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>remote</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>remote</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/remote/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> 其次，applicationContext.xml没有必要了，但是要有个remote-servlet.xml，内容如下： Java代码 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- edited with XMLSPY v5 rel. 4 U (http://www.xmlspy.com); by whao (mdc); --> <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> <beans> <description>server properties</description> <bean id="_myService_server" class="whao.test.hessian.server.impl.MyServiceImpl"> </bean> <bean name="/myService_server" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianServiceExporter"> <property name="service"> <ref bean="_myService_server"/> </property> <property name="serviceInterface"> <value>whao.test.hessian.server.MyService</value> </property> </bean> </beans> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- edited with XMLSPY v5 rel. 4 U (http://www.xmlspy.com); by whao (mdc); --> <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> <beans> <description>server properties</description> <bean id="_myService_server" class="whao.test.hessian.server.impl.MyServiceImpl"> </bean> <bean name="/myService_server" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianServiceExporter"> <property name="service"> <ref bean="_myService_server"/> </property> <property name="serviceInterface"> <value>whao.test.hessian.server.MyService</value> </property> </bean> </beans> 这样一来这个hessian服务的发布地址就变成了 http://localhost:8080/test_web/remote/myService_server 客户端的配置改成： Java代码 <bean id="myServiceClient" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean"> <property name="serviceUrl"> <value>http://localhost:8080/test_web/remote/myService_server</value> </property> <property name="serviceInterface"> <value>whao.test.hessian.server.MyService</value> </property> </bean> <bean id="myServiceClient" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean"> <property name="serviceUrl"> <value>http://localhost:8080/test_web/remote/myService_server</value> </property> <property name="serviceInterface"> <value>whao.test.hessian.server.MyService</value> </property> </bean> 客户端的代码依然是： Java代码 MyService service = (MyService);SpringBeanFactory.getBean("myServiceClient");; System.out.println(service.doSomething("mmmmmmmmm"););; MyService service = (MyService);SpringBeanFactory.getBean("myServiceClient");;
System.out.println(service.doSomething("mmmmmmmmm"););;运行一下，输出： HAHAHA: mmmmmmmmm ok! 嗯，真是不错，下面尝试着不改一行代码，我们把远程协议由hessian改成rmi。 由于rmi server不用servlet，也就不用web server，所以可以由自己的进程之接启动，我们就把remote-servlet.xml改成beans.xml内容如下： Java代码 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> <beans> <bean id="_myService_server" class="whao.test.hessian.server.impl.MyServiceImpl"> </bean> <bean id="myService_server" class="org.springframework.remoting.rmi.RmiServiceExporter"> <property name="serviceName"><value>myService_server</value></property> <property name="service"><ref bean="_myService_server"/></property> <property name="serviceInterface"><value>whao.test.hessian.server.MyService</value></property> </bean> </beans> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> <beans> <bean id="_myService_server" class="whao.test.hessian.server.impl.MyServiceImpl"> </bean> <bean id="myService_server" class="org.springframework.remoting.rmi.RmiServiceExporter"> <property name="serviceName"><value>myService_server</value></property> <property name="service"><ref bean="_myService_server"/></property> <property name="serviceInterface"><value>whao.test.hessian.server.MyService</value></property> </bean> </beans> 然后随便写个main程序启动服务，就不用启动web server了： Java代码 /* * Created on 2005-7-31 * */ package whao.test.rmi; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext; /** * @author Hao Wei * */ public class Server { public static void main(String[] args); throws Exception{ ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("D:\\whao-work\\src\\test_web\\src_server\\beans.xml");; ctx.getBean("myService_server");; System.out.println("Server started");; } } /*
* Created on 2005-7-31
*
*/
package whao.test.rmi;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
/**
* @author Hao Wei
*
*/
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args); throws Exception{
ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("D:\\whao-work\\src\\test_web\\src_server\\beans.xml");;
ctx.getBean("myService_server");;
System.out.println("Server started");;
}
}这样，我们的服务接口和实现类的代码一行不用动，而变成rmi协议的服务已经以rmi://localhost/myService_server 的url启动了。 然后在把客户端的配置略微调整一下： Java代码 <bean id="myServiceClient" class="org.springframework.remoting.rmi.RmiProxyFactoryBean"> <property name="serviceUrl"> <value>rmi://localhost/myService_server</value> </property> <property name="serviceInterface"> <value>whao.test.hessian.server.MyService</value> </property> </bean> <bean id="myServiceClient" class="org.springframework.remoting.rmi.RmiProxyFactoryBean"> <property name="serviceUrl"> <value>rmi://localhost/myService_server</value> </property> <property name="serviceInterface"> <value>whao.test.hessian.server.MyService</value> </property> </bean> 客户端的代码也一行不动，在执行下，输出依然是： HAHAHA: mmmmmmmmm ok! 然而，我们的remoting其实已经由基于http的hessian改成了rmi。果然不错啊，除了hessian,rmi之外，现在spring支持的remoting协议还包括jax-rpc，burlap，httpinvoker，也就是说我们的remoting操作协议在这些中间切换时，利用spring remoting框架，都可以不用改一行代码，已经非常强大了，只是现在还没有corba的支持。 |
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