linux下如何修改oracle11的现有字符集

首先查看字符集。解决乱码的方法就是使两端的字符集统一。

服务端select * from nls_database_parameters

客户端select userenv('language') from dual

这里只介绍WE8ISO8859P1－>ZHS16GBK的步骤方法:

检查当前的字符集为WE8ISO8859P1：

首先在linux下进入sqlplus------------sqlplus "/as sysdba"

SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;

PARAMETER
VALUE

---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------

NLS_LANGUAGE
AMERICAN

NLS_TERRITORY
AMERICA

NLS_CURRENCY
$

NLS_ISO_CURRENCY
AMERICA

NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS
.,

NLS_CALENDAR
GREGORIAN

NLS_DATE_FORMAT
DD-MON-RR

NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE
AMERICAN

NLS_CHARACTERSET
WE8ISO8859P1

NLS_SORT
BINARY

NLS_TIME_FORMAT
HH.MI.SSXFF AM

PARAMETER
VALUE

---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------

NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT
DD-MON-RR HH.MI

NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT
HH.MI.SSXFF AM

NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT
DD-MON-RR HH.MI

NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY
$

NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET
UTF8

NLS_COMP
BINARY

NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS
BYTE

NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP
FALSE

19 rows selected.

SQL>

将数据库启动：

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 236000356 bytes

Fixed Size 451684 bytes

Variable Size 201326592 bytes

Database Buffers 33554432 bytes

Redo Buffers 667648 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

System altered.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;

System altered.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;

System altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;

ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set

提示我们的字符集：新字符集必须为旧字符集的超集，这时我们可以跳过超集的检查做更改：

SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;

Database altered.

SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;查看一下

19 rows selected.

SQL> shutdown;

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 236000356 bytes

Fixed Size 451684 bytes

Variable Size 201326592 bytes

Database Buffers 33554432 bytes

Redo Buffers 667648 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;大功告成，查看一下吧