rhel6 下安装oracle11g(oracle官方文档)

[align=left]Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) Installation On Oracle Linux 6[/align]
This article describes the installation of Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) (64-bit) on Oracle Linux 5
(64-bit). The article is based on a server installation with a minimum
of 2G swap, secure Linux disabled. Oracle recommend a default server
installation, but for these installations the following package groups
installed:
GNOME Desktop Environment
Editors
Graphical Internet
Text-based Internet
Development Libraries
Development Tools
Server Configuration Tools
Administration Tools
Base
System Tools
X Window System

[align=left]An example of this type of Linux installations can be seen here. Alternative installations may require more packages to be loaded, in addition to the ones listed below.[/align]
Download Software
Unpack Files
Hosts File
Oracle-Validated Setup
Manual Setup
Additional Setup
Installation
Post Installation

[align=left]Download Software[/align]
[align=left]Download the following software.[/align]
[align=left]Download the Oracle software from OTN or MOS depending on your support status.[/align]
OTN: Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.1) Software (64-bit)
MOS: Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.2 or 11.2.0.3) Software (64-bit)

[align=left]Unpack Files[/align]
[align=left]Unzip the files.[/align]

[align=left]# 11.2.0.1[/align]
[align=left]unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip[/align]
[align=left]unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip[/align]
[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]#11.2.0.2[/align]
[align=left]unzip p10098816_112020_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip[/align]
[align=left]unzip p10098816_112020_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip[/align]
[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]#11.2.0.3[/align]
[align=left]unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip[/align]
[align=left]unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip[/align]

[align=left]You should now have a single directory called "database" containing installation files.[/align]
[align=left]Hosts File[/align]
[align=left]The "/etc/hosts" file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.[/align]

[align=left]<IP-address> <fully-qualified-machine-name> <machine-name>[/align]

[align=left]For example.[/align]

[align=left]127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost[/align]
[align=left]192.168.2.181 ol5-11gr2.localdomain ol5-11gr2[/align]

[align=left]Oracle-Validated Setup[/align]
[align=left]If you plan to use the "oracle-validated" package to perform all your prerequisite setup, follow the instructions at http://public-yum.oracle.com to setup the yum repository for OL, then perform the following command.[/align]

[align=left]# yum install oracle-validated[/align]

[align=left]All necessary prerequisites will be performed automatically.[/align]
[align=left]Manual Setup[/align]
If you have not used the "oracle-validated" package to
perform all prerequisites, you will need to manually perform the
following setup tasks.
[align=left]Oracle recommend the following minimum parameter settings.[/align]

[align=left]fs.suid_dumpable = 1[/align]
[align=left]fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576[/align]
[align=left]fs.file-max = 6815744[/align]
[align=left]kernel.shmall = 2097152[/align]
[align=left]kernel.shmmax = 536870912[/align]
[align=left]kernel.shmmni = 4096[/align]
[align=left]kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128[/align]
[align=left]net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500[/align]
[align=left]net.core.rmem_default = 262144[/align]
[align=left]net.core.rmem_max = 4194304[/align]
[align=left]net.core.wmem_default = 262144[/align]
[align=left]net.core.wmem_max = 1048586[/align]

[align=left]The current values can be tested using the following command.[/align]

[align=left]/sbin/sysctl -a | grep <param-name>[/align]

[align=left]Add or amend the following lines in the "/etc/sysctl.conf" file.[/align]

[align=left]fs.suid_dumpable = 1[/align]
[align=left]fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576[/align]
[align=left]fs.file-max = 6815744[/align]
[align=left]kernel.shmall = 2097152[/align]
[align=left]kernel.shmmax = 536870912[/align]
[align=left]kernel.shmmni = 4096[/align]
[align=left]# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni[/align]
[align=left]kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128[/align]
[align=left]net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500[/align]
[align=left]net.core.rmem_default=4194304[/align]
[align=left]net.core.rmem_max=4194304[/align]
[align=left]net.core.wmem_default=262144[/align]
[align=left]net.core.wmem_max=1048586[/align]

[align=left]Run the following command to change the current kernel parameters.[/align]

[align=left]/sbin/sysctl -p[/align]

[align=left]Add the following lines to the "/etc/security/limits.conf" file.[/align]

[align=left]oracle soft nproc 2047[/align]
[align=left]oracle hard nproc 16384[/align]
[align=left]oracle soft nofile 4096[/align]
[align=left]oracle hard nofile 65536[/align]
[align=left]oracle soft stack 10240[/align]

[align=left]Install the following packages if they are not already present.[/align]

[align=left]# From Oracle Linux 5 DVD[/align]
[align=left]cd /media/cdrom/Server[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh binutils-2.*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*.i386.rpm[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh gcc-4.*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh gcc-c++-4.*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh glibc-2.*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh glibc-common-2.*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2.*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh glibc-headers-2.*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh ksh*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh libaio-0.*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0.*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh libgomp-4.*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh libgcc-4.*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4.*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh libstdc++-devel-4.*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh make-3.*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh sysstat-7.*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh unixODBC-2.*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh unixODBC-devel-2.*[/align]
[align=left]rpm -Uvh numactl-devel-*[/align]
[align=left]cd /[/align]
[align=left]eject[/align]

[align=left]Create the new groups and users.[/align]

[align=left]groupadd oinstall[/align]
[align=left]groupadd dba[/align]
[align=left]groupadd oper[/align]
[align=left]groupadd asmadmin[/align]
[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmadmin oracle[/align]
[align=left]passwd oracle[/align]

[align=left]Note. We are not going to use the "asmadmin" group, since this installation will not use ASM.[/align]
[align=left]AdditionalSetup[/align]
[align=left]The following setup tasks must be performed regardless of which setup method you used previously.[/align]
[align=left]Disable secure linux by editing the "/etc/selinux/config" file, making sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows.[/align]

[align=left]SELINUX=disabled[/align]

Alternatively, this alteration can be done using the GUI
tool (Applications > System Settings > Security Level). Click on
the SELinux tab and disable the feature. If SELinux is disabled after
installation, the server will need a reboot for the change to take
effect.
[align=left]Create the directories in which the Oracle software will be installed.[/align]

[align=left]mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1[/align]
[align=left]chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01[/align]
[align=left]chmod -R 775 /u01[/align]

[align=left]Login as root and issue the following command.[/align]

[align=left]xhost +<machine-name>[/align]

Login as the oracle user and add the following lines at
the end of the ".bash_profile" file, remembering to adjust them for your
specific installation.

[align=left]# Oracle Settings[/align]
[align=left]TMP=/tmp; export TMP[/align]
[align=left]TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR[/align]
[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ol5-112.localdomain; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME[/align]
[align=left]ORACLE_UNQNAME=DB11G; export ORACLE_UNQNAME[/align]
[align=left]ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE[/align]
[align=left]ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME[/align]
[align=left]ORACLE_SID=DB11G; export ORACLE_SID[/align]
[align=left]PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH[/align]
[align=left]PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH[/align]
[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH[/align]
[align=left]CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH[/align]

[align=left]Installation[/align]
[align=left]Log into the oracle user. If you are using X emulation then set the DISPLAY environmental variable.[/align]

[align=left]DISPLAY=<machine-name>:0.0; export DISPLAY[/align]

[align=left]Start the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) by issuing the following command in the database directory.[/align]

[align=left]./runInstaller[/align]

Proceed with the installation of your choice. You can
see the type of installation I performed by clicking on the links below
to see screen shots of each stage.
[align=left]Post Installation[/align]
[align=left]Edit the "/etc/oratab" file setting the restart flag for each instance to 'Y'.[/align]

[align=left]DB11G:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y[/align]

[align=left]For more information see:[/align]
Oracle Database Installation Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2) for Linux

Automating Database Startup and Shutdown on Linux

[align=left]Hope this helps. Regards Tim...[/align]