boost asio 异步实现tcp通讯

一、前言

boost asio可算是一个简单易用，功能又强大可跨平台的C++通讯库，效率也表现的不错，linux环境是epoll实现的，而windows环境是iocp实现的。而tcp通讯是项目当中经常用到通讯方式之一，实现的方法有各式各样，因此总结一套适用于自己项目的方法是很有必要，很可能下一个项目直接套上去就可以用了。

二、实现思路

1.通讯包数据结构

Tag：检查数据包是否合法，具体会在下面讲解；

Length：描述Body的长度；

Command：表示数据包的类型，0表示心跳包（长连接需要心跳来检测连接是否正常），1表示注册包（客户端连接上服务器之后要将相关信息注册给服务器），2表示业务消息包；

business_type：业务消息包类型，服务器会根据业务消息包类型将数据路由到对应的客户端（客户端是有业务类型分类的）；

app_id：客户端唯一标识符；

Data：消息数据；

2.连接对象

客户端连接上服务器之后，双方都会产生一个socket连接对象，通过这个对象可以收发数据，因此我定义为socket_session。

//socket_session.h

#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <hash_map>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
#include <boost/make_shared.hpp>
#include <boost/thread.hpp>
#include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp>
#include <boost/enable_shared_from_this.hpp>
#include <firebird/log/logger_log4.hpp>
#include <firebird/detail/config.hpp>
#include <firebird/socket_utils/message_archive.hpp>

using boost::asio::ip::tcp;

namespace firebird{
enum command{ heartbeat = 0, regist, normal};

const std::string tag = "KDS";

class FIREBIRD_DECL socket_session;
typedef boost::shared_ptr<socket_session> socket_session_ptr;

class FIREBIRD_DECL socket_session:
public boost::enable_shared_from_this<socket_session>,
private boost::noncopyable
{
public:
typedef boost::function<void(socket_session_ptr)> close_callback;
typedef boost::function<void(
const boost::system::error_code&,
socket_session_ptr, message&)> read_data_callback;

socket_session(boost::asio::io_service& io_service);
~socket_session(void);

DWORD id() { return m_id; }
WORD get_business_type(){ return m_business_type; }
void set_business_type(WORD type) { m_business_type = type; }
DWORD get_app_id(){ return m_app_id; }
void set_app_id(DWORD app_id) { m_app_id = app_id; }
std::string& get_remote_addr() { return m_name; }
void set_remote_addr(std::string& name) { m_name = name; }
tcp::socket& socket() { return m_socket; }

void installCloseCallBack(close_callback cb){ close_cb = cb; }
void installReadDataCallBack(read_data_callback cb) { read_data_cb = cb; }

void start();
void close();
void async_write(const std::string& sMsg);
void async_write(message& msg);

bool is_timeout();
void set_op_time(){std::time(&m_last_op_time);}

private:
static boost::detail::atomic_count m_last_id;

DWORD m_id;
WORD  m_business_type;
DWORD m_app_id;
std::string m_name;
boost::array<char, 7> sHeader;
std::string sBody;

tcp::socket m_socket;
boost::asio::io_service& m_io_service;

std::time_t m_last_op_time;

close_callback close_cb;
read_data_callback read_data_cb;

//发送消息
void handle_write(const boost::system::error_code& e,
std::size_t bytes_transferred, std::string* pmsg);

//读消息头
void handle_read_header(const boost::system::error_code& error);
//读消息体
void handle_read_body(const boost::system::error_code& error);

void handle_close();
};
}

这里注意的是，定义了一个tag="KDS"，目的是为了检查收到的数据包是否有效，每一个数据包前3个字节不为“KDS”，那么就认为是非法的请求包，你也可以定义tag等于其它字符串，只要按协议发包就正常，当然这是比较简单的数据包检查方法了。比较严谨的方法是双方使用哈希算法来检查的，怎么做，这里先不做详解。

//socket_session.cpp

#include "socket_session.h"

namespace firebird{
boost::detail::atomic_count socket_session::m_last_id(0);

socket_session::socket_session(boost::asio::io_service& io_srv)
:m_io_service(io_srv), m_socket(io_srv),
m_business_type(0), m_app_id(0)
{
m_id = ++socket_session::m_last_id;
}

socket_session::~socket_session(void)
{
m_socket.close();
}

void socket_session::start()
{
m_socket.set_option(boost::asio::ip::tcp::acceptor::linger(true, 0));
m_socket.set_option(boost::asio::socket_base::keep_alive(true));
std::time(&m_last_op_time);
const boost::system::error_code error;
handle_read_header(error);
}

void socket_session::handle_close()
{
try{
m_socket.close();
close_cb(shared_from_this());
}
catch(std::exception& e)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
}
catch(...)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[未知异常]");
}
}

void socket_session::close()
{
//由于回调中有加锁的情况，必须提交到另外一个线程去做，不然会出现死锁
m_io_service.post(boost::bind(&socket_session::handle_close, shared_from_this()));
}

static int connection_timeout = 60;

bool socket_session::is_timeout()
{
std::time_t now;
std::time(&now);
return now - m_last_op_time > connection_timeout;
}

//读消息头
void socket_session::handle_read_header(const boost::system::error_code& error)
{
LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO  << "enter.");

try{
if(error)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO  << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[" << error.message().c_str() << "]");
close();
return;
}

std::string data;
data.swap(sBody);
boost::asio::async_read(m_socket,
boost::asio::buffer(sHeader),
boost::bind(&socket_session::handle_read_body, shared_from_this(),
boost::asio::placeholders::error));

if (data.length() > 0 && data != "")
{//读到数据回调注册的READ_DATA函数
message msg;
message_iarchive(msg, data);

read_data_cb(error, shared_from_this(), msg);
}
}
catch(std::exception& e)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
close();
}
catch(...)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[未知异常]");
close();
}
}

//读消息体
void socket_session::handle_read_body(const boost::system::error_code& error)
{
LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "enter.");

try{
if(error)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[" << error.message().c_str() << "]");
close();
return;
}

if (tag.compare(0, tag.length(), sHeader.data(), 0, tag.length()))
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO <<  "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[这是个非法连接!]");
close();
return;
}

DWORD dwLength = 0;

char* len = (char*)&dwLength;
memcpy(len, &sHeader[tag.length()], sizeof(dwLength));

sBody.resize(dwLength);
char* pBody = &sBody[0];

boost::asio::async_read(m_socket,
boost::asio::buffer(pBody, dwLength),
boost::bind(&socket_session::handle_read_header, shared_from_this(),
boost::asio::placeholders::error));
}
catch(std::exception& e)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
close();
}
catch(...)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[未知异常]");
close();
}
}

void socket_session::handle_write(const boost::system::error_code& error,
std::size_t bytes_transferred, std::string* pmsg)
{
//数据发送成功就销毁
if (pmsg != NULL)
{
delete pmsg;
}

if(error)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[" << error.message().c_str() << "]");
close();
return;
}
}

void socket_session::async_write(const std::string& sMsg)
{
LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO  << "enter.")

try
{
DWORD dwLength = sMsg.size();
char* pLen = (char*)&dwLength;

//由于是异步发送，要保证数据发送完整时，才把数据销毁
std::string* msg = new std::string();
msg->append(tag);
msg->append(pLen, sizeof(dwLength));
msg->append(sMsg);

boost::asio::async_write(m_socket,boost::asio::buffer(*msg, msg->size()),
boost::bind(&socket_session::handle_write, shared_from_this(),
boost::asio::placeholders::error, boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred,
msg));

}
catch(std::exception& e)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
close();
}
catch(...)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << get_remote_addr() << "],socket异常:[未知异常]");
close();
}
}

void socket_session::async_write(message& msg)
{
std::string data;
message_oarchive(data, msg);

async_write(data);
}
}

接受数据时，socket_session会先读取7个字节的head，比较前3个字节“KDS”，然后取得4个字节的Length，再读出Length长度的数据，最后将该数据传给read_data_cb回调函数处理，read_data_cb回调函数是在外部注册的。

3.连接管理器

对于服务器来说，它同时服务多个客户端，为了有效的管理，因此需要一个连接管理器，我定义为session_manager。session_manager主要是对socket_session的增删改查，和有效性检查。

//session_manager.h

#pragma once
#include "socket_session.h"
#include "filter_container.h"
#include <boost/date_time/posix_time/posix_time.hpp>
#include <boost/multi_index_container.hpp>
#include <boost/multi_index/member.hpp>
#include <boost/multi_index/ordered_index.hpp>
#include <boost/typeof/typeof.hpp>
#include <boost/random.hpp>
#include <boost/pool/detail/singleton.hpp>

namespace firebird{
template<typename T>
class var_gen_wraper
{
public:
var_gen_wraper(): gen(boost::mt19937((boost::int32_t)std::time(0)),
boost::uniform_smallint<>(1, 100)) {}
typename T::result_type operator() () { return gen(); }
private:
T gen;
};

struct  session_stu
{
DWORD	id;
WORD	business_type;
std::string address;
DWORD	app_id;
socket_session_ptr session;
};

struct sid{};
struct sbusiness_type{};
struct saddress{};
struct sapp_id{};

enum session_idx_member{ session_id = 0, session_business_type, session_address, app_id};
#define CLIENT 0
#define SERVER 1

typedef boost::multi_index::multi_index_container<
session_stu,
boost::multi_index::indexed_by<
boost::multi_index::ordered_unique<
boost::multi_index::tag<sid>, BOOST_MULTI_INDEX_MEMBER(session_stu, DWORD, id)>,
boost::multi_index::ordered_non_unique<
boost::multi_index::tag<sbusiness_type>, BOOST_MULTI_INDEX_MEMBER(session_stu, WORD, business_type)>,
boost::multi_index::ordered_non_unique<
boost::multi_index::tag<saddress>, BOOST_MULTI_INDEX_MEMBER(session_stu, std::string, address)>,
boost::multi_index::ordered_non_unique<
boost::multi_index::tag<sapp_id>, BOOST_MULTI_INDEX_MEMBER(session_stu, DWORD, app_id)>
>
> session_set;

#define MULTI_MEMBER_CON(Tag) boost::multi_index::index<session_set,Tag>::type&
#define MULTI_MEMBER_ITR(Tag) boost::multi_index::index<session_set,Tag>::type::iterator

struct is_business_type {
is_business_type(WORD type)
:m_type(type)
{

}
bool operator()(const session_stu& s)
{
return (s.business_type == m_type);
}

WORD m_type;
};

class session_manager
{
public:
typedef boost::shared_lock<boost::shared_mutex> readLock;
typedef boost:: unique_lock<boost::shared_mutex> writeLock;

session_manager(boost::asio::io_service& io_srv, int type, int expires_time);
~session_manager();

void add_session(socket_session_ptr p);
void update_session(socket_session_ptr p);

template<typename Tag, typename Member>
void del_session(Member m)
{
writeLock lock(m_mutex);
if (m_sessions.empty())
{
return ;
}

MULTI_MEMBER_CON(Tag) idx = boost::multi_index::get<Tag>(m_sessions);
//BOOST_AUTO(idx, boost::multi_index::get<Tag>(m_sessions));
BOOST_AUTO(iter, idx.find(m));

if (iter != idx.end())
{
idx.erase(iter);
}
}

//获取容器中的第一个session
template<typename Tag, typename Member>
socket_session_ptr get_session(Member m)
{
readLock lock(m_mutex);

if (m_sessions.empty())
{
return socket_session_ptr();
}

MULTI_MEMBER_CON(Tag) idx = boost::multi_index::get<Tag>(m_sessions);
BOOST_AUTO(iter, idx.find(m));
return iter != boost::end(idx) ? iter->session : socket_session_ptr();
}

//随机获取容器中的session
template<typename Tag>
socket_session_ptr get_session_by_business_type(WORD m)
{
typedef filter_container<is_business_type, MULTI_MEMBER_ITR(Tag)> FilterContainer;
readLock lock(m_mutex);

if (m_sessions.empty())
{
return socket_session_ptr();
}

MULTI_MEMBER_CON(Tag) idx = boost::multi_index::get<Tag>(m_sessions);

//对容器的元素条件过滤
is_business_type predicate(m);
FilterContainer fc(predicate, idx.begin(), idx.end());
FilterContainer::FilterIter iter = fc.begin();

if (fc.begin() == fc.end())
{
return socket_session_ptr();
}

//typedef boost::variate_generator<boost::mt19937, boost::uniform_smallint<>> var_gen;
//typedef boost::details::pool::singleton_default<var_gen_wraper<var_gen>> s_var_gen;
////根据随机数产生session
//s_var_gen::object_type &gen = s_var_gen::instance();
//int step = gen() % fc.szie();

int step = m_next_session % fc.szie();
++m_next_session;

for (int i = 0; i < step; ++i)
{
iter++;
}

return iter != fc.end() ? iter->session : socket_session_ptr();
}

//根据类型和地址取session
template<typename Tag>
socket_session_ptr get_session_by_type_ip(WORD m, std::string& ip)
{
typedef filter_container<is_business_type, MULTI_MEMBER_ITR(Tag)> FilterContainer;
readLock lock(m_mutex);

if (m_sessions.empty())
{
return socket_session_ptr();
}

MULTI_MEMBER_CON(Tag) idx = boost::multi_index::get<Tag>(m_sessions);

//对容器的元素条件过滤
is_business_type predicate(m);
FilterContainer fc(predicate, idx.begin(), idx.end());
FilterContainer::FilterIter iter = fc.begin();

if (fc.begin() == fc.end())
{
return socket_session_ptr();
}

while (iter != fc.end())
{
if (iter->session->get_remote_addr().find(ip) != std::string::npos)
{
break;
}

iter++;
}

return iter != fc.end() ? iter->session : socket_session_ptr();
}

//根据类型和app_id取session
template<typename Tag>
socket_session_ptr get_session_by_type_appid(WORD m, DWORD app_id)
{
typedef filter_container<is_business_type, MULTI_MEMBER_ITR(Tag)> FilterContainer;
readLock lock(m_mutex);

if (m_sessions.empty())
{
return socket_session_ptr();
}

MULTI_MEMBER_CON(Tag) idx = boost::multi_index::get<Tag>(m_sessions);

//对容器的元素条件过滤
is_business_type predicate(m);
FilterContainer fc(predicate, idx.begin(), idx.end());
FilterContainer::FilterIter iter = fc.begin();

if (fc.begin() == fc.end())
{
return socket_session_ptr();
}

while (iter != fc.end())
{
if (iter->session->get_app_id() == app_id)
{
break;
}

iter++;
}

return iter != fc.end() ? iter->session : socket_session_ptr();
}

private:
int m_type;
int m_expires_time;
boost::asio::io_service& m_io_srv;
boost::asio::deadline_timer m_check_tick;
boost::shared_mutex m_mutex;
unsigned short m_next_session;

session_set m_sessions;

void check_connection();
};
}

这里主要用到了boost的multi_index容器，这是一个非常有用方便的容器，可实现容器的多列索引，具体的使用方法，在这里不多做详解。

//session_manager.cpp

#include "session_manager.h"

namespace firebird{
session_manager::session_manager(boost::asio::io_service& io_srv, int type, int expires_time)
:m_io_srv(io_srv), m_check_tick(io_srv), m_type(type), m_expires_time(expires_time),m_next_session(0)
{
check_connection();
}

session_manager::~session_manager()
{

}

//检查服务器所有session的连接状态
void session_manager::check_connection()
{
try{
writeLock lock(m_mutex);

session_set::iterator iter = m_sessions.begin();
while (iter != m_sessions.end())
{
LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, "循环");
if (CLIENT == m_type)//客户端的方式
{
if (!iter->session->socket().is_open())//已断开，删除已断开的连接
{
LOG4CXX_INFO(firebird_log, "重新连接[" << iter->address << "]");
iter->session->close(); //通过关闭触发客户端重连
}
else{//连接中，发送心跳
message msg;
msg.command = heartbeat;
msg.business_type = iter->session->get_business_type();
msg.app_id = iter->session->get_app_id();
msg.data() = "H";

iter->session->async_write(msg);
iter->session->set_op_time();
}
}
else if (SERVER == m_type)//服务器的方式
{
if (!iter->session->socket().is_open())//已断开，删除已断开的连接
{
LOG4CXX_INFO(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "删除已关闭的session:[" << iter->session->get_remote_addr() << "]");
iter = m_sessions.erase(iter);
continue;
}
else{//连接中，设定每30秒检查一次
if (iter->session->is_timeout()) //如果session已长时间没操作，则关闭
{
LOG4CXX_INFO(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "删除已超时的session:[" << iter->session->get_remote_addr() << "]");
iter->session->close();//通过关闭触发删除session
}
}

iter->session->set_op_time();
}
else{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "unknown manager_type");
}
++iter;
}

LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, "定时检查");
m_check_tick.expires_from_now(boost::posix_time::seconds(m_expires_time));
m_check_tick.async_wait(boost::bind(&session_manager::check_connection, this));
}
catch(std::exception& e)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "[" << e.what() << "]");
}
catch(...)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "unknown exception.");
}
}

void session_manager::add_session(socket_session_ptr p)
{
writeLock lock(m_mutex);
session_stu stuSession;
stuSession.id = p->id();
stuSession.business_type = 0;
stuSession.address = p->get_remote_addr();
stuSession.app_id = p->get_app_id();
stuSession.session = p;
m_sessions.insert(stuSession);
}

void session_manager::update_session(socket_session_ptr p)
{
writeLock lock(m_mutex);
if (m_sessions.empty())
{
return ;
}

MULTI_MEMBER_CON(sid) idx = boost::multi_index::get<sid>(m_sessions);
BOOST_AUTO(iter, idx.find(p->id()));

if (iter != idx.end())
{
const_cast<session_stu&>(*iter).business_type = p->get_business_type();
const_cast<session_stu&>(*iter).app_id = p->get_app_id();
}
}
}

这个时候，我就可以使用id、business_type、address、app_id当做key来索引socket_session了，单使用map容器是做不到的。

还有索引时，需要的一个条件过滤器

//filter_container.h

#pragma once
#include <boost/iterator/filter_iterator.hpp>

namespace firebird{
template <class Predicate, class Iterator>
class filter_container
{
public:
typedef boost::filter_iterator<Predicate, Iterator> FilterIter;

filter_container(Predicate p, Iterator begin, Iterator end)
:m_begin(p, begin, end),
m_end(p, end, end)
{

}
~filter_container() {}

FilterIter begin() { return m_begin; }
FilterIter end()   { return m_end; }
int szie() {
int i = 0;
FilterIter fi = m_begin;
while(fi != m_end)
{
++i;
++fi;
}

return i;
}

private:
FilterIter m_begin;
FilterIter m_end;
};
}

4.服务器端的实现

服务器我定义为server_socket_utils，拥有一个session_manager，每当accept成功得到一个socket_session时，都会将其增加到session_manager去管理，注册相关回调函数。

read_data_callback 接收到数据的回调函数

收到数据之后，也就是数据包的body部分，反序列化出command、business_type、app_id和data（我使用到了thrift），如果command==normal正常的业务包，会调用handle_read_data传入data。

close_callback 关闭socket_session触发的回调函数

根据id将该连接从session_manager中删除掉

//server_socket_utils.h

#pragma once
#include "socket_session.h"
#include "session_manager.h"
#include <boost/format.hpp>
#include <firebird/message/message.hpp>

namespace firebird{
using boost::asio::ip::tcp;

class FIREBIRD_DECL server_socket_utils
{
private:
boost::asio::io_service m_io_srv;
boost::asio::io_service::work m_work;
tcp::acceptor m_acceptor;

void handle_accept(socket_session_ptr session, const boost::system::error_code& error);

void close_callback(socket_session_ptr session);
void read_data_callback(const boost::system::error_code& e,
socket_session_ptr session, message& msg);

protected:
virtual void handle_read_data(message& msg, socket_session_ptr pSession) = 0;

public:
server_socket_utils(int port);
~server_socket_utils(void);

void start();
boost::asio::io_service& get_io_service() { return m_io_srv; }

session_manager m_manager;
};
}

//server_socket_utils.cpp

#include "server_socket_utils.h"

namespace firebird{
server_socket_utils::server_socket_utils(int port)
:m_work(m_io_srv),
m_acceptor(m_io_srv, tcp::endpoint(tcp::v4(), port)),
m_manager(m_io_srv, SERVER, 3)
{
//m_acceptor.set_option(boost::asio::ip::tcp::acceptor::reuse_address(true));
//// 关闭连接前留0秒给客户接收数据
//m_acceptor.set_option(boost::asio::ip::tcp::acceptor::linger(true, 0));
//m_acceptor.set_option(boost::asio::ip::tcp::no_delay(true));
//m_acceptor.set_option(boost::asio::socket_base::keep_alive(true));
//m_acceptor.set_option(boost::asio::socket_base::receive_buffer_size(16384));
}

server_socket_utils::~server_socket_utils(void)
{
}

void server_socket_utils::start()
{
try{
socket_session_ptr new_session(new socket_session(m_io_srv));
m_acceptor.async_accept(new_session->socket(),
boost::bind(&server_socket_utils::handle_accept, this, new_session,
boost::asio::placeholders::error));
}
catch(std::exception& e)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
}
catch(...)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "socket异常:[未知异常]");
}
}

void server_socket_utils::handle_accept(socket_session_ptr session, const boost::system::error_code& error)
{
if (!error)
{
try{
socket_session_ptr new_session(new socket_session(m_io_srv));
m_acceptor.async_accept(new_session->socket(),
boost::bind(&server_socket_utils::handle_accept, this, new_session,
boost::asio::placeholders::error));

if (session != NULL)
{
//注册关闭回调函数
session->installCloseCallBack(boost::bind(&server_socket_utils::close_callback, this, _1));
//注册读到数据回调函数
session->installReadDataCallBack(boost::bind(&server_socket_utils::read_data_callback, this, _1, _2, _3));

boost::format fmt("%1%:%2%");
fmt % session->socket().remote_endpoint().address().to_string();
fmt % session->socket().remote_endpoint().port();
session->set_remote_addr(fmt.str());

session->start();
m_manager.add_session(session);
}
}
catch(std::exception& e)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
}
catch(...)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "socket异常:[未知异常]");
}

}
}

void server_socket_utils::close_callback(socket_session_ptr session)
{
LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, "close_callback");
try{
m_manager.del_session<sid>(session->id());
}
catch(std::exception& e)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
}
catch(...)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "socket异常:[未知异常]");
}

}

void server_socket_utils::read_data_callback(const boost::system::error_code& e,
socket_session_ptr session, message& msg)
{
try{
LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, "command =[" << msg.command << "],["
<< msg.business_type << "],[" << msg.data() << "]");

if (msg.command == heartbeat)
{//心跳
session->async_write(msg);
}
else if (msg.command == regist)
{//注册
session->set_business_type(msg.business_type);
session->set_app_id(msg.app_id);
m_manager.update_session(session);

session->async_write(msg);
LOG4CXX_FATAL(firebird_log, "远程地址:[" << session->get_remote_addr() << "],服务器类型:[" <<
session->get_business_type() << "],服务器ID:[" << session->get_app_id() << "]注册成功!");
}
else if (msg.command == normal)
{//业务数据
handle_read_data(msg, session);
}
else
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "收到非法消息包!");
}
}
catch(std::exception& e)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
}
catch(...)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "socket异常:[未知异常]");
}
}
}

5.客户端

客户端与服务器的逻辑也差不多，区别就是在于客户端通过connect得到socket_session，而服务器是通过accept得到socket_session。

//client_socket_utils.h

#pragma once
#include "socket_session.h"
#include "session_manager.h"
#include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
#include <firebird/message/message.hpp>

namespace firebird{
class FIREBIRD_DECL client_socket_utils
{
public:
client_socket_utils();
~client_socket_utils();

void session_connect(std::vector<socket_session_ptr>& vSession);
void session_connect(socket_session_ptr pSession);
//socket_session_ptr get_session(std::string& addr);
boost::asio::io_service& get_io_service() { return m_io_srv; }

protected:
virtual void handle_read_data(message& msg, socket_session_ptr pSession) = 0;

private:
boost::asio::io_service m_io_srv;
boost::asio::io_service::work m_work;
session_manager m_manager;

void handle_connect(const boost::system::error_code& error,
tcp::resolver::iterator endpoint_iterator, socket_session_ptr pSession);

void close_callback(socket_session_ptr session);
void read_data_callback(const boost::system::error_code& e,
socket_session_ptr session, message& msg);
};
}

//client_socket_utils.cpp

#include "client_socket_utils.h"

namespace firebird{
client_socket_utils::client_socket_utils()
:m_work(m_io_srv), m_manager(m_io_srv, CLIENT, 3)
{
}

client_socket_utils::~client_socket_utils()
{
}

void client_socket_utils::session_connect(std::vector<socket_session_ptr>& vSession)
{
for (int i = 0; i < vSession.size(); ++i)
{
session_connect(vSession[i]);
}
}

void client_socket_utils::session_connect(socket_session_ptr pSession)
{
std::string& addr = pSession->get_remote_addr();
try{
//注册关闭回调函数
pSession->installCloseCallBack(boost::bind(&client_socket_utils::close_callback, this, _1));
//注册读到数据回调函数
pSession->installReadDataCallBack(boost::bind(&client_socket_utils::read_data_callback, this, _1, _2, _3));

std::vector<std::string> ip_port;
boost::split(ip_port, addr, boost::is_any_of(":"));

if (ip_port.size() < 2)
{
//throw std::runtime_error("ip 格式不正确！");
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, "[" << addr << "] ip 格式不正确!");
return;
}

tcp::resolver resolver(pSession->socket().get_io_service());
tcp::resolver::query query(ip_port[0], ip_port[1]);
tcp::resolver::iterator endpoint_iterator = resolver.resolve(query);
//pSession->set_begin_endpoint(endpoint_iterator);//设置起始地址，以便重连

//由于客户端是不断重连的，即使还未连接也要保存该session
m_manager.add_session(pSession);

tcp::endpoint endpoint = *endpoint_iterator;
pSession->socket().async_connect(endpoint,
boost::bind(&client_socket_utils::handle_connect, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error, ++endpoint_iterator, pSession));
}
catch(std::exception& e)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << addr << "],socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
}
catch(...)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << addr << "],socket异常:[未知异常]");
}
}

void client_socket_utils::handle_connect(const boost::system::error_code& error,
tcp::resolver::iterator endpoint_iterator, socket_session_ptr pSession)
{
LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << " enter.");
std::string sLog;
try{
if (!error)
{
LOG4CXX_FATAL(firebird_log, "服务器:[" << pSession->get_business_type() <<"],连接远程地址:[" << pSession->get_remote_addr().c_str() << "]成功!");
pSession->start();

//向服务器注册服务类型
message msg;
msg.command = regist;
msg.business_type = pSession->get_business_type();
msg.app_id = pSession->get_app_id();
msg.data() = "R";

pSession->async_write(msg);
}
else if (endpoint_iterator != tcp::resolver::iterator())
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, "连接远程地址:[" << pSession->get_remote_addr().c_str() << "]失败，试图重连下一个地址。");
pSession->socket().close();//此处用socket的close，不应用session的close触发连接，不然会导致一直重连
tcp::endpoint endpoint = *endpoint_iterator;
pSession->socket().async_connect(endpoint,
boost::bind(&client_socket_utils::handle_connect, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error, ++endpoint_iterator, pSession));
}
else
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << pSession->get_remote_addr().c_str() << "]失败！");
pSession->socket().close();//此处用socket的close，不应用session的close触发连接，不然会导致一直重连
}
}
catch(std::exception& e)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << pSession->get_remote_addr().c_str() <<"],socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
}
catch(...)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << pSession->get_remote_addr().c_str() <<"],socket异常:[未知异常]");
}
}

void client_socket_utils::read_data_callback(const boost::system::error_code& e,
socket_session_ptr session, message& msg)
{
LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, "command =[" << msg.command << "],["
<< msg.business_type << "],[" << msg.data() << "]");

if (msg.command == heartbeat)
{//心跳
}
else if (msg.command == regist)
{//注册
LOG4CXX_FATAL(firebird_log, "服务器:[" << session->get_business_type() <<"]注册成功。");
}
else if (msg.command == normal)
{//业务数据
handle_read_data(msg, session);
}
else
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "收到非法消息包!");
}
}

//关闭session就会重连
void client_socket_utils::close_callback(socket_session_ptr session)
{
LOG4CXX_DEBUG(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "enter.");

try{
//tcp::resolver::iterator endpoint_iterator = context.session->get_begin_endpoint();

std::string& addr = session->get_remote_addr();

std::vector<std::string> ip_port;
boost::split(ip_port, addr, boost::is_any_of(":"));

if (ip_port.size() < 2)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, "[" << addr << "] ip 格式不正确!");
return;
}

tcp::resolver resolver(session->socket().get_io_service());
tcp::resolver::query query(ip_port[0], ip_port[1]);
tcp::resolver::iterator endpoint_iterator = resolver.resolve(query);

tcp::endpoint endpoint = *endpoint_iterator;
session->socket().async_connect(endpoint,
boost::bind(&client_socket_utils::handle_connect, this,
boost::asio::placeholders::error, ++endpoint_iterator, session));
}
catch(std::exception& e)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << session->get_remote_addr().c_str() <<"],socket异常:[" << e.what() << "]");
}
catch(...)
{
LOG4CXX_ERROR(firebird_log, KDS_CODE_INFO << "连接远程地址:[" << session->get_remote_addr().c_str() <<"],socket异常:[未知异常]");
}
}
}

5.对象串行化

socket_session发送和接收数据包的时候使用到了对象串行化，我这里是通过thrift实现的，其实boost的serialization库也提供了这样的功能，使用起来更为方便，但我在测试过程中，thrift相比之下性能会高很多，因此就坚持使用thrift了，感兴趣的话可以看我之前写的《使用thrift串行化对象》和《轻量级序列化库boost
serialization》。

5.1字符串与thrift对象的相互转换

#pragma once
#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
#include <transport/TBufferTransports.h>
#include <protocol/TProtocol.h>
#include <protocol/TBinaryProtocol.h>

namespace firebird{
using namespace apache::thrift;
using namespace apache::thrift::transport;
using namespace apache::thrift::protocol;

template<typename T>
void thrift_iserialize(T& stu, std::string& s)
{
boost::shared_ptr<TMemoryBuffer> trans(new TMemoryBuffer((uint8_t*)&s[0], s.size()));
boost::shared_ptr<TProtocol> proto(new TBinaryProtocol(trans));
stu.read(proto.get());
}

template<typename T>
void thrift_oserialize(T& stu, std::string& s)
{
boost::shared_ptr<TMemoryBuffer> trans(new TMemoryBuffer());
boost::shared_ptr<TProtocol> proto(new TBinaryProtocol(trans));
stu.write(proto.get());
s = trans->getBufferAsString();
}
}

5.2通过thrift对象，普通的对象与字符串的相互转换

#pragma once

#include "message_archive.hpp"
#include <firebird/archive/thrift_archive.hpp>
#include <firebird/message/TMessage_types.h>

namespace firebird
{
/*** message to ThriftMessage ***/
void msg_to_tmsg(TMessage& tmsg, message& msg)
{
//设置
tmsg.command = msg.command;
tmsg.business_type = msg.business_type;
tmsg.app_id = msg.app_id;
//设置context
tmsg.context.cmdVersion = msg.context().cmdVersion;
tmsg.context.cpid.swap(msg.context().cpid);
tmsg.context.remote_ip.swap(msg.context().remote_ip);
tmsg.context.wSerialNumber = msg.context().wSerialNumber;
tmsg.context.session_id = msg.context().session_id;

//设置source
for (int i = 0; i < msg.source().size(); ++i)
{
tmsg.source.push_back(msg.source()[i]);
}

//设置destination
for (int i = 0; i < msg.destination().size(); ++i)
{
tmsg.destination.push_back(msg.destination()[i]);
}

//设置data
tmsg.data = msg.data();
}

/*** ThriftMessage to message ***/
void tmsg_to_msg(message& msg, TMessage& tmsg)
{
//设置
msg.command = tmsg.command;
msg.business_type = tmsg.business_type;
msg.app_id = tmsg.app_id;

//设置context
msg.context().cmdVersion = tmsg.context.cmdVersion;
msg.context().cpid = tmsg.context.cpid;
msg.context().remote_ip = tmsg.context.remote_ip;
msg.context().wSerialNumber = tmsg.context.wSerialNumber;
msg.context().session_id = tmsg.context.session_id;

//设置source
for (int i = 0; i < tmsg.source.size(); ++i)
{
msg.source() << tmsg.source[i];
}

//设置destination
for (int i = 0; i < tmsg.destination.size(); ++i)
{
msg.destination() << tmsg.destination[i];
}

//设置data
msg.data() = tmsg.data;
}

void message_iarchive(message& msg, std::string& s)
{
TMessage tmsg;
thrift_iserialize(tmsg, s);
tmsg_to_msg(msg, tmsg);
}

void message_oarchive(std::string& s, message& msg)
{
TMessage tmsg;
msg_to_tmsg(tmsg, msg);
thrift_oserialize(tmsg, s);
}
}