vhd 转换为img源码，由VS2010 C++编译

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本工程主要由vhd2img.cpp layout.h组成,C代码实现。

vhd2img.cpp：

// vhd2img.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//by www.frombyte.cn zhangyu
//北亚数据恢复中心(www.sjhf.net)张宇 2012/1/6 发表于51cto

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <windows.h>
#include "layout.h"
#define VHD_OPENED 1
#define VHD_UNOPEN 0
#define BIT_MASK 0x80
static inline int test_bit (byte *addr, u32 nr)
{
return ((addr[nr >> 3] << (nr & 7)) & BIT_MASK) != 0;
};
static inline void set_bit (byte *addr, u32 nr)
{
addr[nr >> 3] |= (BIT_MASK >> (nr & 7));
}

HANDLE hIn,hOut;

struct vhd_info
{
u64 uSize;
u32 *bat;
byte *batmap;
u64 uBlkSize;
u64 uBatNum;
u32 spb; //secters per block
u32 log2spb;
u32 vhd_status;
bool is_have_batmap;
};

int open_vhd(TCHAR *name,vhd_info &vhd)
{
hd_ftr vhd_head;
hIn = CreateFile(name,GENERIC_READ,FILE_SHARE_READ,NULL,OPEN_EXISTING,0,NULL);
if(hIn == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
_tprintf(_T("ERROR%d:source VHD file open error!\n"),GetLastError());
return -1;
}
DWORD bRead;
ReadFile(hIn,(char*)&vhd_head,sizeof(hd_ftr),&bRead,NULL);
if(bRead != sizeof(hd_ftr))
return -2;
if(strncmp(vhd_head.cookie,HD_COOKIE,8) != 0)
{
_tprintf(_T("the source file is not a valid VHD format!\n"));
return -3;
}
if( (LE32(vhd_head.type) != HD_TYPE_DYNAMIC) && (LE32(vhd_head.type) != HD_TYPE_DIFF) )
return -4;

dd_hdr vhd_sparce;
ReadFile(hIn,(char*)&vhd_sparce,sizeof(dd_hdr),&bRead,NULL);
if(bRead != sizeof(dd_hdr))
return -5;
if(strncmp(vhd_sparce.cookie,DD_COOKIE,8) != 0)
return -6;
vhd.uBlkSize = LE32(vhd_sparce.block_size);
vhd.uBatNum = LE32(vhd_sparce.max_bat_size);
vhd.bat = new u32 [vhd.uBatNum];
LARGE_INTEGER liPoi,liNew;
liPoi.QuadPart = LE64(vhd_sparce.table_offset);
SetFilePointerEx(hIn,liPoi,&liNew,FILE_BEGIN);
ReadFile(hIn,vhd.bat,vhd.uBatNum * sizeof(u32),&bRead,NULL);
if(bRead != vhd.uBatNum * sizeof(u32))
return -7;

dd_batmap_hdr batmap_head;
ReadFile(hIn,(char*)&batmap_head,sizeof(dd_batmap_hdr),&bRead,NULL);
if(bRead != sizeof(dd_batmap_hdr))
return -8;
if(strncmp(batmap_head.cookie,VHD_BATMAP_COOKIE,8) != 0)
vhd.is_have_batmap = FALSE;
else
vhd.is_have_batmap = TRUE;

vhd.spb = vhd.uBlkSize >> VHD_SECTOR_SHIFT;
vhd.vhd_status = VHD_OPENED;
return 1;
}
int read_vhd(vhd_info &vhd,byte* buf,u32 blkno)
{
byte spb_bitmap[VHD_SECTOR_SIZE];
DWORD bRead;
if(vhd.bat[blkno] == 0xFFFFFFFF)
return 2;
byte *tbuf = new byte [vhd.uBlkSize];
LARGE_INTEGER liPoi,liNew;
liPoi.QuadPart = (u64)(LE32(vhd.bat[blkno])) << VHD_SECTOR_SHIFT;
SetFilePointerEx(hIn,liPoi,&liNew,FILE_BEGIN);
ReadFile(hIn,spb_bitmap,VHD_SECTOR_SIZE,&bRead,NULL);
if(bRead != VHD_SECTOR_SIZE)
{
delete [] tbuf;
return -2;
}
ReadFile(hIn,tbuf,vhd.uBlkSize,&bRead,NULL);
if(bRead != vhd.uBlkSize)
{
delete [] tbuf;
return -3;
}
for(u32 i=0;i<vhd.spb;i++)
{
if(test_bit(spb_bitmap,i)) //位为1，表示磁盘上有数据，需要拷贝
{
memcpy(buf + i * VHD_SECTOR_SIZE,tbuf + i*VHD_SECTOR_SIZE,VHD_SECTOR_SIZE);
}
}
delete [] tbuf;
return 1;
}

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
if(argc != 3)
{
_tprintf(_T("vhd2img.exe <input vhd name> <output file/disk name>\n"));
_tprintf(_T("eg. vhd2img.exe my.vhd d:\\my.img \n"));
_tprintf(_T("    vhd2img.exe my.vhd \"\\\\.\\physicaldrive1\" (write to hardisk 1)\n"));
return 0;
}

vhd_info vhd;

//打开输入vhd
if(open_vhd(argv[1],vhd) != 1)
return -1;

//生成目标文件
HANDLE hOut = CreateFile(argv[2],GENERIC_READ|GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_READ|FILE_SHARE_WRITE,NULL,OPEN_EXISTING,0,NULL);
if(hOut == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
hOut = CreateFile(argv[2],GENERIC_READ|GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_READ|FILE_SHARE_WRITE,NULL,OPEN_ALWAYS,0,NULL);
if(hOut == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
_tprintf(_T("ERROR%d:the dest disk/file open error!\n"),GetLastError());
return -1;
}
}
//u32 nBlkSize = vhd.uBlkSize;
byte* buf = new byte [vhd.uBlkSize];
u32 nBitmapSize = (vhd.spb >> 3 );
byte* bitmap = new byte [nBitmapSize];
DWORD bWrite;
LARGE_INTEGER liPos,liNew;

for(int i=0;i<vhd.uBatNum;i++)
{
memset(buf,0,vhd.uBlkSize);
memset(bitmap,0,nBitmapSize);
if(read_vhd(vhd,buf,i) != 1) //读错误或属于稀疏空间
continue;
liPos.QuadPart = (u64)i * (u64)vhd.uBlkSize;
SetFilePointerEx(hOut,liPos,&liNew,FILE_BEGIN);
WriteFile(hOut,buf,vhd.uBlkSize,&bWrite,NULL);
if(bWrite != vhd.uBlkSize)
{
_tprintf(_T("ERROR%d:#%dblk (2MB) write error!\n\n"),GetLastError(),i);
return -1;
}
}

liPos.QuadPart = (u64)vhd.uBatNum * (u64)vhd.uBlkSize;
SetFilePointerEx(hOut,liPos,&liNew,FILE_BEGIN);
SetEndOfFile(hOut);

//释放
delete [] buf;
delete [] bitmap;
CloseHandle(hIn);
CloseHandle(hOut);

return 1;

}

layout.h:

/* Copyright (c) 2008, XenSource Inc.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
*     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
*       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
*       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
*       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*     * Neither the name of XenSource Inc. nor the names of its contributors
*       may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
*       without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER
* OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
typedef UINT32 u32;
typedef UINT64 u64;
typedef unsigned char   vhd_uuid_t[16];
#ifndef __VHD_H__
#define __VHD_H__

#define DEBUG 1

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* General definitions.                                                   */
/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#define VHD_SECTOR_SIZE  512
#define VHD_SECTOR_SHIFT   9

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* This is the generic disk footer, used by all disks.                    */
/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

struct hd_ftr {
char   cookie[8];       /* Identifies original creator of the disk      */
u32    features;        /* Feature Support -- see below                 */
u32    ff_version;      /* (major,minor) version of disk file           */
u64    data_offset;     /* Abs. offset from SOF to next structure       */
u32    timestamp;       /* Creation time.  secs since 1/1/2000GMT       */
char   crtr_app[4];     /* Creator application                          */
u32    crtr_ver;        /* Creator version (major,minor)                */
u32    crtr_os;         /* Creator host OS                              */
u64    orig_size;       /* Size at creation (bytes)                     */
u64    curr_size;       /* Current size of disk (bytes)                 */
u32    geometry;        /* Disk geometry                                */
u32    type;            /* Disk type                                    */
u32    checksum;        /* 1's comp sum of this struct.                 */
vhd_uuid_t uuid;        /* Unique disk ID, used for naming parents      */
char   saved;           /* one-bit -- is this disk/VM in a saved state? */
char   hidden;          /* tapdisk-specific field: is this vdi hidden?  */
char   reserved[426];   /* padding                                      */
};

/* VHD cookie string. */
static const char HD_COOKIE[9]  =  "conectix";

/* Feature fields in hd_ftr */
#define HD_NO_FEATURES     0x00000000
#define HD_TEMPORARY       0x00000001 /* disk can be deleted on shutdown */
#define HD_RESERVED        0x00000002 /* NOTE: must always be set        */

/* Version field in hd_ftr */
#define HD_FF_VERSION      0x00010000

/* Known creator OS type fields in hd_ftr.crtr_os */
#define HD_CR_OS_WINDOWS   0x5769326B /* (Wi2k) */
#define HD_CR_OS_MACINTOSH 0x4D616320 /* (Mac ) */

/*
* version 0.1:  little endian bitmaps
* version 1.1:  big endian bitmaps; batmap
* version 1.2:  libvhd
* version 1.3:  batmap version bump to 1.2
*/
#define VHD_VERSION(major, minor)  (((major) << 16) | ((minor) & 0x0000FFFF))
#define VHD_CURRENT_VERSION        VHD_VERSION(1, 3)

/* Disk geometry accessor macros. */
/* Geometry is a triple of (cylinders (2 bytes), tracks (1 byte), and
* secotrs-per-track (1 byte))
*/
#define GEOM_GET_CYLS(_g)  (((_g) >> 16) & 0xffff)
#define GEOM_GET_HEADS(_g) (((_g) >> 8)  & 0xff)
#define GEOM_GET_SPT(_g)   ((_g) & 0xff)

#define GEOM_ENCODE(_c, _h, _s) (((_c) << 16) | ((_h) << 8) | (_s))

/* type field in hd_ftr */
#define HD_TYPE_NONE       0
#define HD_TYPE_FIXED      2  /* fixed-allocation disk */
#define HD_TYPE_DYNAMIC    3  /* dynamic disk */
#define HD_TYPE_DIFF       4  /* differencing disk */

/* String table for hd.type */
static const char *HD_TYPE_STR[7] = {
"None",                    /* 0 */
"Reserved (deprecated)",   /* 1 */
"Fixed hard disk",         /* 2 */
"Dynamic hard disk",       /* 3 */
"Differencing hard disk",  /* 4 */
"Reserved (deprecated)",   /* 5 */
"Reserved (deprecated)"    /* 6 */
};

#define HD_TYPE_MAX 6

struct prt_loc {
u32    code;            /* Platform code -- see defines below.          */
u32    data_space;      /* Number of 512-byte sectors to store locator  */
u32    data_len;        /* Actual length of parent locator in bytes     */
u32    res;             /* Must be zero                                 */
u64    data_offset;     /* Absolute offset of locator data (bytes)      */
};

/* Platform Codes */
#define PLAT_CODE_NONE  0x0
#define PLAT_CODE_WI2R  0x57693272  /* deprecated                         */
#define PLAT_CODE_WI2K  0x5769326B  /* deprecated                         */
#define PLAT_CODE_W2RU  0x57327275  /* Windows relative path (UTF-16)     */
#define PLAT_CODE_W2KU  0x57326B75  /* Windows absolute path (UTF-16)     */
#define PLAT_CODE_MAC   0x4D616320  /* MacOS alias stored as a blob.      */
#define PLAT_CODE_MACX  0x4D616358  /* File URL (UTF-8), see RFC 2396.    */

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* This is the dynamic disk header.                                       */
/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

struct dd_hdr {
char   cookie[8];       /* Should contain "cxsparse"                    */
u64    data_offset;     /* Byte offset of next record. (Unused) 0xffs   */
u64    table_offset;    /* Absolute offset to the BAT.                  */
u32    hdr_ver;         /* Version of the dd_hdr (major,minor)          */
u32    max_bat_size;    /* Maximum number of entries in the BAT         */
u32    block_size;      /* Block size in bytes. Must be power of 2.     */
u32    checksum;        /* Header checksum.  1's comp of all fields.    */
vhd_uuid_t prt_uuid;    /* ID of the parent disk.                       */
u32    prt_ts;          /* Modification time of the parent disk         */
u32    res1;            /* Reserved.                                    */
char   prt_name[512];   /* Parent unicode name.                         */
struct prt_loc loc[8];  /* Parent locator entries.                      */
char   res2[256];       /* Reserved.                                    */
};

/* VHD cookie string. */
static const char DD_COOKIE[9]  =  "cxsparse";

/* Version field in hd_ftr */
#define DD_VERSION 0x00010000

/* Default blocksize is 2 meg. */
#define DD_BLOCKSIZE_DEFAULT 0x00200000

#define DD_BLK_UNUSED 0xFFFFFFFF

struct dd_batmap_hdr {
char   cookie[8];       /* should contain "tdbatmap"                    */
u64    batmap_offset;   /* byte offset to batmap                        */
u32    batmap_size;     /* batmap size in sectors                       */
u32    batmap_version;  /* version of batmap                            */
u32    checksum;        /* batmap checksum -- 1's complement of batmap  */
};

static const char VHD_BATMAP_COOKIE[9] = "tdbatmap";

/*
* version 1.1: signed char checksum
*/
#define VHD_BATMAP_VERSION(major, minor)  (((major) << 16) | ((minor) & 0x0000FFFF))
#define VHD_BATMAP_CURRENT_VERSION        VHD_BATMAP_VERSION(1, 2)

/* Layout of a dynamic disk:
*
* +-------------------------------------------------+
* | Mirror image of HD footer (hd_ftr) (512 bytes)  |
* +-------------------------------------------------+
* | Sparse drive header (dd_hdr) (1024 bytes)       |
* +-------------------------------------------------+
* | BAT (Block allocation table)                    |
* |   - Array of absolute sector offsets into the   |
* |     file (u32).                                 |
* |   - Rounded up to a sector boundary.            |
* |   - Unused entries are marked as 0xFFFFFFFF     |
* |   - max entries in dd_hdr->max_bat_size         |
* +-------------------------------------------------+
* | Data Block 0                                    |
* | Bitmap (padded to 512 byte sector boundary)     |
* |   - each bit indicates whether the associated   |
* |     sector within this block is used.           |
* | Data                                            |
* |   - power-of-two multiple of sectors.           |
* |   - default 2MB (4096 * 512)                    |
* |   - Any entries with zero in bitmap should be   |
* |     zero on disk                                |
* +-------------------------------------------------+
* | Data Block 1                                    |
* +-------------------------------------------------+
* | ...                                             |
* +-------------------------------------------------+
* | Data Block n                                    |
* +-------------------------------------------------+
* | HD Footer (511 bytes)                           |
* +-------------------------------------------------+
*/
#define LE32(x)  (( (u32)x >>24) ^ ((u32)x <<8 >>24 <<8) ^ ((u32)x <<16 >>24 <<16) ^ ((u32)x <<24))
#define LE64(x)  (((u64)LE32((u32)x)) <<32 ) ^ ( LE32((u32)((u64)x >>32)) )

#endif

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