事务管理入门-JDBC/Hibernate事务管理器/Spring注解 3种方式
2012-12-09 11:43
429 查看
http://coderdream.iteye.com/blog/434561
在软件开发过程中，经常会遇到事务问题，下面我们来看看最简单的JDBC和Spring分别如何处理事务。
关于事务控制的场景当然是转账，我们使用的数据库是MySQL。
打开test数据库后，运行下面的数据库脚本：
Sql代码
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS account;
CREATE TABLE account (
accountId int primary key auto_increment,
accountname varchar(20),
money int not null
);
INSERT INTO ACCOUNT(ACCOUNTNAME,MONEY) VALUES('zhangsan',100);
INSERT INTO ACCOUNT(ACCOUNTNAME,MONEY) VALUES('lisi',100);
1、JDBC中的事务控制
代码1：AccountDAO.java
Java代码
package com.coderdream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class AccountDAO {
public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {
try {
// 1. 注册驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
// 2. 获取数据库的连接
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
"jdbc:mysql://localhost/test", "root", "1234");
// 3. 获取表达式
Statement stmt1 = conn.createStatement();
Statement stmt2 = conn.createStatement();
Statement stmt3 = conn.createStatement();
Statement stmt4 = conn.createStatement();
// 执行插入数据的 SQL
ResultSet rs1 = stmt1
.executeQuery("SELECT MONEY FROM ACCOUNT WHERE ACCOUNTID="
+ fromAccountId);
// 5. 显示结果集里面的数据
int money1 = 0;
while (rs1.next()) {
System.out.println(rs1.getInt(1));
money1 = rs1.getInt(1);
}
// 修改
money1 -= money;
System.out.println("money1: " + money1);
stmt2.executeUpdate("UPDATE ACCOUNT SET MONEY=" + money1
+ " WHERE ACCOUNTID=" + fromAccountId);
// 执行插入数据的 SQL
ResultSet rs2 = stmt3
.executeQuery("SELECT MONEY FROM ACCOUNT WHERE ACCOUNTID="
+ toAccountId);
// 5. 显示结果集里面的数据
int money2 = 0;
while (rs2.next()) {
System.out.println(rs2.getInt(1));
money2 = rs2.getInt(1);
}
// 修改
money2 += money;
System.out.println("money2: " + money2);
stmt2.executeUpdate("UPDATE ACCOUNT SET MONEY=" + money2
+ " WHERE ACCOUNTID=" + toAccountId);
// 6. 释放资源
rs1.close();
rs2.close();
stmt1.close();
stmt2.close();
stmt3.close();
stmt4.close();
conn.close();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
代码2：AccountService.java
Java代码
package com.coderdream;
public class AccountService {
private AccountDAO accountDAO;
/**
* 通过 Spring 向 Service ͨszh注入 Dao
*
* @param accountDAO
*/
public void setAccountDAO(AccountDAO accountDAO) {
this.accountDAO = accountDAO;
}
/**
* 转账
*
* @param fromAccountId
* 转出帐号
* @param toAccountId
* 转入帐号
* @param money
* 转账金额
*/
public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {
accountDAO.transfer(fromAccountId, toAccountId, money);
}
}
代码3：Main.java
Java代码
package com.coderdream;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
public class Main {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext act = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(
"src/applicationContext.xml");
AccountService accountService = (AccountService) act
.getBean("accountService");
try {
// 帐号1转账1元至帐号2
accountService.transfer(1, 2, 1);//A
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("转账失败!");
}
}
}
代码4：applicationContext.xml
Xml代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="accountDAO" class="com.coderdream.AccountDAO" />
<bean id="accountService" class="com.coderdream.AccountService">
<property name="accountDAO" ref="accountDAO"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
上面的代码是没有加事务控制的，如果把‘A’处的代码换成：
Java代码
// 帐号1转账1元至帐号3
accountService.transfer(1, 3, 1);//A
则由于帐号3不存在，所以会出现问题，帐号1的金额会减1，而帐号2的金额不会变，转账的1元就“不翼而飞”了，所以必须在Dao层加入事务控制。
代码5：加入事务控制后的AccountDAO
Java代码
public class AccountDAO {
public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {
Connection conn = null;
ResultSet rs1 = null;
Integer rs2 = null;
ResultSet rs3 = null;
Integer rs4 = null;
Statement stmt1 = null;
Statement stmt2 = null;
Statement stmt3 = null;
Statement stmt4 = null;
// 1. 注册驱动
try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
// 2. 获取数据库的连接
conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost/test",
"root", "1234");
conn.setAutoCommit(false);
// 3. 获取表达式
stmt1 = conn.createStatement();
stmt2 = conn.createStatement();
stmt3 = conn.createStatement();
stmt4 = conn.createStatement();
// 执行插入数据的 SQL
rs1 = stmt1
.executeQuery("SELECT MONEY FROM ACCOUNT WHERE ACCOUNTID="
+ fromAccountId);
// 5. 显示结果集里面的数据
int money1 = 0;
while (rs1.next()) {
System.out.println(rs1.getInt(1));
money1 = rs1.getInt(1);
}
// 修改
money1 -= money;
System.out.println("money1: " + money1);
rs2 = stmt2.executeUpdate("UPDATE ACCOUNT SET MONEY=" + money1
+ " WHERE ACCOUNTID=" + fromAccountId);
if (1 != rs2) {
throw new Exception(" 转出失败，帐号： " + fromAccountId);
}
// 执行插入数据的 SQL
rs3 = stmt3
.executeQuery("SELECT MONEY FROM ACCOUNT WHERE ACCOUNTID="
+ toAccountId);
// 5. 显示结果集里面的数据
int money2 = 0;
while (rs3.next()) {
System.out.println(rs3.getInt(1));
money2 = rs3.getInt(1);
}
// 修改
money2 += money;
System.out.println("money2: " + money2);
rs4 = stmt2.executeUpdate("UPDATE ACCOUNT SET MONEY=" + money2
+ " WHERE ACCOUNTID=" + toAccountId);
if (1 != rs4) {
throw new Exception(" 转入失败，帐号： " + toAccountId);
}
conn.commit();
System.out.println("转帐成功！");
} catch (Exception e) {
try {
conn.rollback();
} catch (Exception e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 6. 释放资源
finally {
try {
if (rs1 != null) {
rs1.close();
}
if (rs3 != null) {
rs3.close();
}
if (stmt1 != null) {
stmt1.close();
}
if (stmt2 != null) {
stmt2.close();
}
if (stmt3 != null) {
stmt3.close();
}
if (stmt4 != null) {
stmt4.close();
}
if (conn != null) {
conn.close();
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
2、Spring中的事务控制方式一：Hibernate的事务管理器托管
我们先来看看通过Spring+Hibernate来操作数据库的简单示例。
先通过 MyEclipse 生成Hibernate 需要的 Bean 及 hbm.xml文件：
代码6：Account.java
Java代码
package com.coderdream;
/**
* Account entity.
*
* @author MyEclipse Persistence Tools
*/
public class Account implements java.io.Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 909891879728703117L;
private Integer accountId;
private String accountname;
private Integer money;
// Property accessors
public Integer getAccountId() {
return this.accountId;
}
public void setAccountId(Integer accountId) {
this.accountId = accountId;
}
public String getAccountname() {
return this.accountname;
}
public void setAccountname(String accountname) {
this.accountname = accountname;
}
public Integer getMoney() {
return this.money;
}
public void setMoney(Integer money) {
this.money = money;
}
// Constructors
/** default constructor */
public Account() {
}
/** full constructor */
public Account(String accountname, Integer money) {
this.accountname = accountname;
this.money = money;
}
}
代码7：Account.hbm.xml
Xml代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!--
Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse Persistence Tools
-->
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.coderdream.Account" table="account" catalog="test">
<id name="accountId" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="accountId" />
<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="accountname" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="accountname" length="20" />
</property>
<property name="money" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="money" length="20" />
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
代码8：
Java代码
package com.coderdream;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
public class AccountDAO extends HibernateDaoSupport {
public void addMoney(Integer accountId, int money) {
Account account = (Account) getHibernateTemplate().get(Account.class,
accountId);
account.setMoney(account.getMoney() + money);
getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(account);
}
public void subMoney(Integer accountId, int money) {
Account account = (Account) getHibernateTemplate().get(Account.class,
accountId);
account.setMoney(account.getMoney() - money);
getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(account);
}
}
代码9：
Java代码
package com.coderdream;
public class AccountService {
private AccountDAO accountDAO;
/**
* 通过 Spring 将 DAO 注入到 Service
*
* @param accountDAO
*/
public void setAccountDAO(AccountDAO accountDAO) {
this.accountDAO = accountDAO;
}
/**
* 转账方法包括两个原子方法：转出方法和转入方法
*
* @param fromAccountId
* @param toAccountId
* @param money
*/
public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {
accountDAO.subMoney(fromAccountId, money);
accountDAO.addMoney(toAccountId, money);
}
}
代码10：
Java代码
package com.coderdream;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
public class Main {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext act = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(
"src/applicationContext.xml");
AccountService accountService = (AccountService) act
.getBean("accountService");
try {
// 帐号1转账1元至帐号2
accountService.transfer(1, 2, 1);// B
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("转账失败");
}
}
}
上面的代码同样没有加入事务控制，如果在‘B’处将转入的帐号设置为不存在的帐号3，同样会有问题，下面我们来加入事务控制，我们需要修改 applicationContext.xml 文件：
代码11：增加事务后的 applicationContext.xml
Java代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName"
value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">
</property>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="1234"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref bean="dataSource" />
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>com/coderdream/Account.hbm.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 引用Hibernate的事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="accountDAO" class="com.coderdream.AccountDAO">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 通过事务管理器来管理Service -->
<bean id="accountService"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>
<property name="target">
<bean class="com.coderdream.AccountService">
<property name="accountDAO" ref="accountDAO"></property>
</bean>
</property>
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="transfer">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
3、Spring中的事务控制方式二：注解方式
当然，我们还可以通过注解的方式加入事务的控制。
我们需要先在 applicationContext.xml 声明事务控制器和注解：
代码12：applicationContext.xml
Java代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName"
value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">
</property>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="1234"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref bean="dataSource" />
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>com/coderdream/Account.hbm.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 引用Hibernate的事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 使用annotation定义事务 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
<bean id="accountDAO" class="com.coderdream.AccountDAO">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="accountService" class="com.coderdream.AccountService">
<property name="accountDAO" ref="accountDAO"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
同时需要在Service层的要使用的方法上声明事务，如：
Java代码
@Transactional(readOnly = false)
如果只是对数据库进行查询操作，这里的“readOnly = true“，如果是”增/删/改“操作，则为 false。
代码13：在方法上加入“注解式”事务控制后的 AccountService.java
Java代码
package com.coderdream;
public class AccountService {
private AccountDAO accountDAO;
/**
* 通过 Spring 将 DAO 注入到 Service
*
* @param accountDAO
*/
public void setAccountDAO(AccountDAO accountDAO) {
this.accountDAO = accountDAO;
}
/**
* 转账方法包括两个原子方法：转出方法和转入方法
*
* @param fromAccountId
* @param toAccountId
* @param money
*/
@Transactional(readOnly = false)
public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {
accountDAO.subMoney(fromAccountId, money);
accountDAO.addMoney(toAccountId, money);
}
}
TransDemo.rar (6 MB)
在软件开发过程中，经常会遇到事务问题，下面我们来看看最简单的JDBC和Spring分别如何处理事务。
关于事务控制的场景当然是转账，我们使用的数据库是MySQL。
打开test数据库后，运行下面的数据库脚本：
Sql代码
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS account;
CREATE TABLE account (
accountId int primary key auto_increment,
accountname varchar(20),
money int not null
);
INSERT INTO ACCOUNT(ACCOUNTNAME,MONEY) VALUES('zhangsan',100);
INSERT INTO ACCOUNT(ACCOUNTNAME,MONEY) VALUES('lisi',100);
1、JDBC中的事务控制
代码1：AccountDAO.java
Java代码
package com.coderdream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class AccountDAO {
public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {
try {
// 1. 注册驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
// 2. 获取数据库的连接
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
"jdbc:mysql://localhost/test", "root", "1234");
// 3. 获取表达式
Statement stmt1 = conn.createStatement();
Statement stmt2 = conn.createStatement();
Statement stmt3 = conn.createStatement();
Statement stmt4 = conn.createStatement();
// 执行插入数据的 SQL
ResultSet rs1 = stmt1
.executeQuery("SELECT MONEY FROM ACCOUNT WHERE ACCOUNTID="
+ fromAccountId);
// 5. 显示结果集里面的数据
int money1 = 0;
while (rs1.next()) {
System.out.println(rs1.getInt(1));
money1 = rs1.getInt(1);
}
// 修改
money1 -= money;
System.out.println("money1: " + money1);
stmt2.executeUpdate("UPDATE ACCOUNT SET MONEY=" + money1
+ " WHERE ACCOUNTID=" + fromAccountId);
// 执行插入数据的 SQL
ResultSet rs2 = stmt3
.executeQuery("SELECT MONEY FROM ACCOUNT WHERE ACCOUNTID="
+ toAccountId);
// 5. 显示结果集里面的数据
int money2 = 0;
while (rs2.next()) {
System.out.println(rs2.getInt(1));
money2 = rs2.getInt(1);
}
// 修改
money2 += money;
System.out.println("money2: " + money2);
stmt2.executeUpdate("UPDATE ACCOUNT SET MONEY=" + money2
+ " WHERE ACCOUNTID=" + toAccountId);
// 6. 释放资源
rs1.close();
rs2.close();
stmt1.close();
stmt2.close();
stmt3.close();
stmt4.close();
conn.close();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
代码2：AccountService.java
Java代码
package com.coderdream;
public class AccountService {
private AccountDAO accountDAO;
/**
* 通过 Spring 向 Service ͨszh注入 Dao
*
* @param accountDAO
*/
public void setAccountDAO(AccountDAO accountDAO) {
this.accountDAO = accountDAO;
}
/**
* 转账
*
* @param fromAccountId
* 转出帐号
* @param toAccountId
* 转入帐号
* @param money
* 转账金额
*/
public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {
accountDAO.transfer(fromAccountId, toAccountId, money);
}
}
代码3：Main.java
Java代码
package com.coderdream;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
public class Main {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext act = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(
"src/applicationContext.xml");
AccountService accountService = (AccountService) act
.getBean("accountService");
try {
// 帐号1转账1元至帐号2
accountService.transfer(1, 2, 1);//A
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("转账失败!");
}
}
}
代码4：applicationContext.xml
Xml代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="accountDAO" class="com.coderdream.AccountDAO" />
<bean id="accountService" class="com.coderdream.AccountService">
<property name="accountDAO" ref="accountDAO"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
上面的代码是没有加事务控制的，如果把‘A’处的代码换成：
Java代码
// 帐号1转账1元至帐号3
accountService.transfer(1, 3, 1);//A
则由于帐号3不存在，所以会出现问题，帐号1的金额会减1，而帐号2的金额不会变，转账的1元就“不翼而飞”了，所以必须在Dao层加入事务控制。
代码5：加入事务控制后的AccountDAO
Java代码
public class AccountDAO {
public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {
Connection conn = null;
ResultSet rs1 = null;
Integer rs2 = null;
ResultSet rs3 = null;
Integer rs4 = null;
Statement stmt1 = null;
Statement stmt2 = null;
Statement stmt3 = null;
Statement stmt4 = null;
// 1. 注册驱动
try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
// 2. 获取数据库的连接
conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost/test",
"root", "1234");
conn.setAutoCommit(false);
// 3. 获取表达式
stmt1 = conn.createStatement();
stmt2 = conn.createStatement();
stmt3 = conn.createStatement();
stmt4 = conn.createStatement();
// 执行插入数据的 SQL
rs1 = stmt1
.executeQuery("SELECT MONEY FROM ACCOUNT WHERE ACCOUNTID="
+ fromAccountId);
// 5. 显示结果集里面的数据
int money1 = 0;
while (rs1.next()) {
System.out.println(rs1.getInt(1));
money1 = rs1.getInt(1);
}
// 修改
money1 -= money;
System.out.println("money1: " + money1);
rs2 = stmt2.executeUpdate("UPDATE ACCOUNT SET MONEY=" + money1
+ " WHERE ACCOUNTID=" + fromAccountId);
if (1 != rs2) {
throw new Exception(" 转出失败，帐号： " + fromAccountId);
}
// 执行插入数据的 SQL
rs3 = stmt3
.executeQuery("SELECT MONEY FROM ACCOUNT WHERE ACCOUNTID="
+ toAccountId);
// 5. 显示结果集里面的数据
int money2 = 0;
while (rs3.next()) {
System.out.println(rs3.getInt(1));
money2 = rs3.getInt(1);
}
// 修改
money2 += money;
System.out.println("money2: " + money2);
rs4 = stmt2.executeUpdate("UPDATE ACCOUNT SET MONEY=" + money2
+ " WHERE ACCOUNTID=" + toAccountId);
if (1 != rs4) {
throw new Exception(" 转入失败，帐号： " + toAccountId);
}
conn.commit();
System.out.println("转帐成功！");
} catch (Exception e) {
try {
conn.rollback();
} catch (Exception e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 6. 释放资源
finally {
try {
if (rs1 != null) {
rs1.close();
}
if (rs3 != null) {
rs3.close();
}
if (stmt1 != null) {
stmt1.close();
}
if (stmt2 != null) {
stmt2.close();
}
if (stmt3 != null) {
stmt3.close();
}
if (stmt4 != null) {
stmt4.close();
}
if (conn != null) {
conn.close();
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
2、Spring中的事务控制方式一：Hibernate的事务管理器托管
我们先来看看通过Spring+Hibernate来操作数据库的简单示例。
先通过 MyEclipse 生成Hibernate 需要的 Bean 及 hbm.xml文件：
代码6：Account.java
Java代码
package com.coderdream;
/**
* Account entity.
*
* @author MyEclipse Persistence Tools
*/
public class Account implements java.io.Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 909891879728703117L;
private Integer accountId;
private String accountname;
private Integer money;
// Property accessors
public Integer getAccountId() {
return this.accountId;
}
public void setAccountId(Integer accountId) {
this.accountId = accountId;
}
public String getAccountname() {
return this.accountname;
}
public void setAccountname(String accountname) {
this.accountname = accountname;
}
public Integer getMoney() {
return this.money;
}
public void setMoney(Integer money) {
this.money = money;
}
// Constructors
/** default constructor */
public Account() {
}
/** full constructor */
public Account(String accountname, Integer money) {
this.accountname = accountname;
this.money = money;
}
}
代码7：Account.hbm.xml
Xml代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!--
Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse Persistence Tools
-->
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.coderdream.Account" table="account" catalog="test">
<id name="accountId" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="accountId" />
<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="accountname" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="accountname" length="20" />
</property>
<property name="money" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="money" length="20" />
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
代码8：
Java代码
package com.coderdream;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
public class AccountDAO extends HibernateDaoSupport {
public void addMoney(Integer accountId, int money) {
Account account = (Account) getHibernateTemplate().get(Account.class,
accountId);
account.setMoney(account.getMoney() + money);
getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(account);
}
public void subMoney(Integer accountId, int money) {
Account account = (Account) getHibernateTemplate().get(Account.class,
accountId);
account.setMoney(account.getMoney() - money);
getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(account);
}
}
代码9：
Java代码
package com.coderdream;
public class AccountService {
private AccountDAO accountDAO;
/**
* 通过 Spring 将 DAO 注入到 Service
*
* @param accountDAO
*/
public void setAccountDAO(AccountDAO accountDAO) {
this.accountDAO = accountDAO;
}
/**
* 转账方法包括两个原子方法：转出方法和转入方法
*
* @param fromAccountId
* @param toAccountId
* @param money
*/
public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {
accountDAO.subMoney(fromAccountId, money);
accountDAO.addMoney(toAccountId, money);
}
}
代码10：
Java代码
package com.coderdream;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
public class Main {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext act = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(
"src/applicationContext.xml");
AccountService accountService = (AccountService) act
.getBean("accountService");
try {
// 帐号1转账1元至帐号2
accountService.transfer(1, 2, 1);// B
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("转账失败");
}
}
}
上面的代码同样没有加入事务控制，如果在‘B’处将转入的帐号设置为不存在的帐号3，同样会有问题，下面我们来加入事务控制，我们需要修改 applicationContext.xml 文件：
代码11：增加事务后的 applicationContext.xml
Java代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName"
value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">
</property>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="1234"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref bean="dataSource" />
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>com/coderdream/Account.hbm.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 引用Hibernate的事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="accountDAO" class="com.coderdream.AccountDAO">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 通过事务管理器来管理Service -->
<bean id="accountService"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>
<property name="target">
<bean class="com.coderdream.AccountService">
<property name="accountDAO" ref="accountDAO"></property>
</bean>
</property>
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="transfer">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
3、Spring中的事务控制方式二：注解方式
当然，我们还可以通过注解的方式加入事务的控制。
我们需要先在 applicationContext.xml 声明事务控制器和注解：
代码12：applicationContext.xml
Java代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName"
value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">
</property>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="1234"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref bean="dataSource" />
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>com/coderdream/Account.hbm.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 引用Hibernate的事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 使用annotation定义事务 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
<bean id="accountDAO" class="com.coderdream.AccountDAO">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="accountService" class="com.coderdream.AccountService">
<property name="accountDAO" ref="accountDAO"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
同时需要在Service层的要使用的方法上声明事务，如：
Java代码
@Transactional(readOnly = false)
如果只是对数据库进行查询操作，这里的“readOnly = true“，如果是”增/删/改“操作，则为 false。
代码13：在方法上加入“注解式”事务控制后的 AccountService.java
Java代码
package com.coderdream;
public class AccountService {
private AccountDAO accountDAO;
/**
* 通过 Spring 将 DAO 注入到 Service
*
* @param accountDAO
*/
public void setAccountDAO(AccountDAO accountDAO) {
this.accountDAO = accountDAO;
}
/**
* 转账方法包括两个原子方法：转出方法和转入方法
*
* @param fromAccountId
* @param toAccountId
* @param money
*/
@Transactional(readOnly = false)
public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {
accountDAO.subMoney(fromAccountId, money);
accountDAO.addMoney(toAccountId, money);
}
}
TransDemo.rar (6 MB)
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