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代码实现Lable 、textField创建界面以及键盘的处理

2012-12-01 20:11 525 查看
转自:http://blog.csdn.net/duxinfeng2010/article/details/7697120









1.创建一个新工程叫LTFDemo; File->New->Project ->single View Application -> next



2.打开LTFViewController.h文件,添加UITextFieldDelegate协议,因为TextField里输入内容时需要对键盘进行一些设置。界面需要一些布局,在LTFViewController.h文件一些声明对象

[cpp] view
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<span style="font-size:12px;">#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface LTFViewController : UIViewController<UITextFieldDelegate>

{

UILabel *studentLable;//设置学生标题

UILabel *sNameLable;//学生姓名

UILabel *sSexLable;//学生性别

UILabel *sAgeLable;//学生年龄

UILabel *teacherLable;//老师标题

UILabel *tNameLable;//老师姓名

UILabel *tSexLable;//老师姓名

UITextField *sNameTextField;//学生姓名输入框

UITextField *sAgeTextField;//学生年龄输入框

UITextField *sSexTextField;//学生性别输入框

UITextField *tNameTextField;//老师姓名输入框

UITextField *tSexTextField; //老师性别输入框

}

@end</span>

3.例举一个Lable的代码属性及功能的实现过程

初始化lable的位置和大小,CGRectMake()函数中的参数分别是原点坐标x和y,后面两个参数表示lable的宽度(width)和高度(height),

studentLable=[[UILabelalloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100,10, 100,30)];

设置Lable的字体颜色值颜色,

[studentLable setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];

设置lable字体大小

studentLable.font=[UIFontsystemFontOfSize:20];
设置lable的背景颜色

studentLable.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];

设置lable的标题字体对齐方式,此处居中对其

[studentLable setTextAlignment:UITextAlignmentCenter];

设置lable标题

studentLable.text=@"学 生";

把lable添加到视图上,少了这一步视图上使显示不出来的

[self.view addSubview:studentLable];

4.例举一个TextField的代码的实现其属性和功能的过程

//初始化坐标位置

sNameTextField=[[UITextFieldalloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100,60, 200,30)];

//为空白文本字段绘制一个灰色字符串作为占位符,提示作用

sNameTextField.placeholder =@"输入姓名";

//默认就是左对齐,这个是UITextField扩展属性

sNameTextField.textAlignment =UITextAlignmentLeft;

//设置textField的形状

sNameTextField.borderStyle=UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect;

//设置键盘完成按钮

sNameTextField.returnKeyType=UIReturnKeyDone;

//委托类需要遵守UITextFieldDelegate协议

sNameTextField.delegate=self;

//设置TextFiel输入框字体大小

sNameTextField.font = [UIFontsystemFontOfSize:18];

//安全设置,密文保护设置,显示点点,常用于密码设置栏

sNameTextField.secureTextEntry = YES;

// 把TextField添加到视图上

[self.viewaddSubview:sNameTextField];

//输入年龄需要启用数字键盘,此处实现自动跳转到数字键盘

sAgeTextField.keyboardType =UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad;

5.介绍完lable和TextField代码实现,打开LTFViewController.m文件在ViewDidLoad中添加初始化代码,

[cpp] view
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- (void)viewDidLoad

{

[super viewDidLoad];

// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

studentLable=[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 10, 100, 30)];

sNameLable=[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 60, 80, 30)];

sSexLable=[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 100, 80, 30)];

sAgeLable=[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 140, 80, 30)];

teacherLable=[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 200, 100, 30)];

tNameLable=[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10,240, 80, 30)];

tSexLable=[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 280, 80, 30)];

[studentLable setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];

[sNameLable setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];

[sAgeLable setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];

[sSexLable setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];

[teacherLable setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];

[tNameLable setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];

[tSexLable setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];

studentLable.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];

sNameLable.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];

sAgeLable.backgroundColor=[UIColor clearColor];

sSexLable.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];

teacherLable.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];

tNameLable.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];

tSexLable.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];

[studentLable setTextAlignment:UITextAlignmentCenter];

[sNameLable setTextAlignment:UITextAlignmentCenter];

[sAgeLable setTextAlignment:UITextAlignmentCenter];

[sSexLable setTextAlignment:UITextAlignmentCenter];

[teacherLable setTextAlignment:UITextAlignmentCenter];

[tNameLable setTextAlignment:UITextAlignmentCenter];

[tSexLable setTextAlignment:UITextAlignmentCenter];

studentLable.text=@"学 生";

sNameLable.text=@"姓名:";

sAgeLable.text=@"性别:";

sSexLable.text=@"年龄:";

teacherLable.text=@"老 师";

tNameLable.text=@"姓名:";

tSexLable.text=@"性别:";

studentLable.font=[UIFont systemFontOfSize:20];

[self.view addSubview:studentLable];

[self.view addSubview:sNameLable];

[self.view addSubview:sAgeLable];

[self.view addSubview:sSexLable];

[self.view addSubview:teacherLable];

[self.view addSubview:tNameLable];

[self.view addSubview:tSexLable];

sNameTextField=[[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 60, 200, 30)];//初始化坐标位置

sNameTextField.placeholder = @"输入姓名";//为空白文本字段绘制一个灰色字符串作为占位符

sNameTextField.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;//默认就是左对齐,这个是UITextField扩展属性

sNameTextField.borderStyle=UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect; //设置textField的形状

// sNameTextField.clearsOnBeginEditing = NO;//设置为YES当用点触文本字段时,字段内容会被清除,这个属性一般用于密码设置,当输入有误时情况textField中的内容

sNameTextField.returnKeyType=UIReturnKeyDone;//设置键盘完成按钮

sNameTextField.delegate=self;//委托类需要遵守UITextFieldDelegate协议

sNameTextField.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18]; //设置TextFiel输入框字体大小

sAgeTextField = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 100, 200, 30)];

sAgeTextField.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;

sAgeTextField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect;

sAgeTextField.keyboardType = UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad;//输入年龄需要设置数字键盘

[sAgeTextField addTarget:self action:@selector(textFieldDone:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchDown]; //用textFieldDone函数,实现关闭数字键盘

sAgeTextField.delegate=self;

sSexTextField = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 140, 200, 30)];

sSexTextField.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;

sSexTextField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect;

sSexTextField.returnKeyType=UIReturnKeyDone;

sSexTextField.delegate=self;

// sNameTextField.enabled=NO; //把 sNameTextField设置成无效,点击任何反应

tNameTextField = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 240, 200, 30)];

tNameTextField.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;

tNameTextField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect;

tNameTextField.delegate=self;

tSexTextField = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 280, 200, 30)];

tSexTextField.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;

tSexTextField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect;

tSexTextField.returnKeyType=UIReturnKeyDone;

tSexTextField.delegate=self;

tSexTextField.secureTextEntry = YES; //安全设置,密文保护设置

// 测试用的TextField

UITextField *testTextField = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 400, 200, 30)];

testTextField.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;

testTextField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect;

testTextField.returnKeyType=UIReturnKeyDone;

testTextField.delegate=self;

// 把TextField添加到视图上

[self.view addSubview:sNameTextField];

[self.view addSubview:sAgeTextField];

[self.view addSubview:sSexTextField];

[self.view addSubview:tSexTextField];

[self.view addSubview:tNameTextField];

[self.view addSubview:testTextField];

}

6.然后用代理方法处理的就是键盘的操作,因为当键盘弹起的时候,在最下面的lable和textField可能会键盘遮挡,

在ViewDidLoad中我们有这样sNameTextField.returnKeyType=UIReturnKeyDone一段代码,作用就是当编辑完成后键盘右下角出现一个Done键,如果是中文输入法出现的是确定键,然后调用代理方法textFieldShouldReturn,当我们按下Done时,键盘就会退出;

resignFirstResponder(交出自己的第一响应者的身份,可以重写函数,这样如果写出返回no的时候当调用这个方法的时候它会拒绝交出第一响应者的身份)

[cpp] view
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//按下Done按钮时调用这个方法,可让按钮消失

-(BOOL)textFieldShouldReturn:(UITextField *)textField

{

[textField resignFirstResponder];

return YES;

}

7.当需要输入数字时候的时候 sAgeTextField.keyboardType = UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad;可以自动切换到数字键盘,键盘的八种风格

typedefenum {

UIKeyboardTypeDefault, // 默认键盘:支持所有字符

UIKeyboardTypeASCIICapable, // 支持ASCII的默认键盘

UIKeyboardTypeNumbersAndPunctuation, // 标准电话键盘,支持+*#等符号

UIKeyboardTypeURL, // URL键盘,有.com按钮;只支持URL字符

UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad, //数字键盘

UIKeyboardTypePhonePad, // 电话键盘

UIKeyboardTypeNamePhonePad, // 电话键盘,也支持输入人名字

UIKeyboardTypeEmailAddress, // 用于输入电子邮件地址的键盘

} UIKeyboar;
8.处理键盘遮挡视图的方法:

当开始点击textField会调用的方法 ,键盘高度216,当触摸高度在216一下extField时候,调整视图,把视图纵坐标向上增加216,orign(0,-216),然后view视图的高度增加216像素,相当于视图为320*696像素,如果设置增加216像素给view视图,会出现键盘遮盖部分为一篇黑色区域背景,当退出键盘是黑色会显示出来,给人视觉效果体验不好;当对textField编辑结束时调用textFieldDidEndEditing方法,调整视图为初始位置,frame.origin.y =20;为什么把视图的原点坐标纵坐标设置为20,因为iphone视图最上面通知栏占了20个像素;

[cpp] view
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-(void)textFieldDidBeginEditing:(UITextField *)textField

{

// 键盘高度216

if (textField.frame.origin.y>216) {

CGRect frame = self.view.frame;

frame.origin.y -=216;

frame.size.height +=216;

self.view.frame=frame;

}

}

[cpp] view
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// 当对textField编辑结束时调用此方法,需要调整视图为初始位置

-(void)textFieldDidEndEditing:(UITextField *)textField

{

CGRect frame = self.view.frame;

frame.origin.x=00;

frame.origin.y =20;//为什么20,因为iphone视图最上面通知栏20个像素

frame.size.height =480;

self.view.frame=frame;

}

9再附上其他几个委托方法源码

[cpp] view
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//TextField的委托方法

-(BOOL)textFieldShouldEndEditing:(UITextField *)textField

{

//返回一个BOOL型值,指定是否循序文本字段编辑

return YES;

}

[cpp] view
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-(BOOL)textFieldShouldClear:(UITextField *)textField

{

// 返回一个BOOL值指明是否允许根据用户请求清除内容 可以设置在特定条件下才允许清除内容

return YES;

}

10.数字键盘并没有Done键,就不能退出按钮,通过[sAgeTextFieldaddTarget:selfaction:@selector(textFieldDone:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchDown];

这个相当于给TextField增加了一个按钮的功能,调用textFieldDone,当向输入框编辑完内容后,再次点击输入框键盘就退出了;

[cpp] view
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//重写数字键盘的方法

-(void)textFieldDone:(id)sender{

[sAgeTextField resignFirstResponder];

}



附上源代码:http://download.csdn.net/detail/duxinfeng2010/4397401
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