图像细化算法 opencv实现 完整代码（附实验结果）

一、关于图像细化的算法可以参看下面两个PDF链接：

http://www.uel.br/pessoal/josealexandre/stuff/thinning/ftp/lam-lee-survey.pdf ：总结了几乎所有92年以前的经典细化算法

http://www-prima.inrialpes.fr/perso/Tran/Draft/gateway.cfm.pdf ：本文所附代码所参照的算法

二、实验结果

原图：



运行结果（分别为迭代1次、4次、8次、16次、64次的结果图）：



三、opencv代码

运行环境：Windows 7，VS 2012，OpenCV 2.3

[cpp] view
plaincopy

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <math.h>

#include <fstream>

#include <string>

#include <iostream>

#include <opencv/cv.h>

#include <opencv/highgui.h>

using namespace std;

void cvThin( IplImage*, IplImage*, int iterations);

//使用举例

int main(int argc, char* argv[])

{

IplImage *pSrc = NULL,*pDst = NULL,*pTmp = NULL;

//传入一个灰度图像

pSrc = cvLoadImage("1.bmp",CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE);

if(!pSrc)

{

return 0;

}

pTmp = cvCloneImage(pSrc);

pDst = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(pSrc),pSrc->depth,pSrc->nChannels);

cvZero(pDst);

cvThreshold(pSrc,pTmp,68,1,CV_THRESH_BINARY_INV);//做二值处理，将图像转换成0，1格式

//cvSaveImage("pTmp.bmp",pTmp);

cvThin(pTmp,pDst,8);//细化，通过修改iterations参数进一步细化

cvNamedWindow("src",1);

cvNamedWindow("dst",1);

cvShowImage("src",pSrc);

//将二值图像转换成灰度，以便显示

int i = 0,j = 0;

CvSize size = cvGetSize(pDst);

for(i=0; i<size.height; i++)

{

for(j=0; j<size.width; j++)

{

if(CV_IMAGE_ELEM(pDst,uchar,i,j)==1)

{

CV_IMAGE_ELEM(pDst,uchar,i,j) = 0;

}

else

{

CV_IMAGE_ELEM(pDst,uchar,i,j) = 255;

}

}

}

cvSaveImage("dst_8.bmp",pDst);

cvShowImage("dst",pDst);

cvWaitKey(0);

cvReleaseImage(&pSrc);

cvReleaseImage(&pDst);

cvReleaseImage(&pTmp);

cvDestroyWindow("src");

cvDestroyWindow("dst");

return 0;

}

void cvThin( IplImage* src, IplImage* dst, int iterations)

{

//此时的src是一个二值化的图片

CvSize size = cvGetSize(src);

cvCopy(src, dst);

int n = 0,i = 0,j = 0;

for(n=0; n<iterations; n++)//开始进行迭代

{

IplImage* t_image = cvCloneImage(dst);

for(i=0; i<size.height; i++)

{

for(j=0; j<size.width; j++)

{

if(CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i,j)==1)

{

int ap=0;

int p2 = (i==0)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte, i-1, j);

int p3 = (i==0 || j==size.width-1)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte, i-1, j+1);

if (p2==0 && p3==1)

{

ap++;

}

int p4 = (j==size.width-1)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i,j+1);

if(p3==0 && p4==1)

{

ap++;

}

int p5 = (i==size.height-1 || j==size.width-1)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i+1,j+1);

if(p4==0 && p5==1)

{

ap++;

}

int p6 = (i==size.height-1)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i+1,j);

if(p5==0 && p6==1)

{

ap++;

}

int p7 = (i==size.height-1 || j==0)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i+1,j-1);

if(p6==0 && p7==1)

{

ap++;

}

int p8 = (j==0)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i,j-1);

if(p7==0 && p8==1)

{

ap++;

}

int p9 = (i==0 || j==0)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i-1,j-1);

if(p8==0 && p9==1)

{

ap++;

}

if(p9==0 && p2==1)

{

ap++;

}

if((p2+p3+p4+p5+p6+p7+p8+p9)>1 && (p2+p3+p4+p5+p6+p7+p8+p9)<7)

{

if(ap==1)

{

if(!(p2 && p4 && p6))

{

if(!(p4 && p6 && p8))

{

CV_IMAGE_ELEM(dst,byte,i,j)=0;//设置目标图像中像素值为0的点

}

}

}

}

}

}

}

cvReleaseImage(&t_image);

t_image = cvCloneImage(dst);

for(i=0; i<size.height; i++)

{

for(int j=0; j<size.width; j++)

{

if(CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i,j)==1)

{

int ap=0;

int p2 = (i==0)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte, i-1, j);

int p3 = (i==0 || j==size.width-1)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte, i-1, j+1);

if (p2==0 && p3==1)

{

ap++;

}

int p4 = (j==size.width-1)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i,j+1);

if(p3==0 && p4==1)

{

ap++;

}

int p5 = (i==size.height-1 || j==size.width-1)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i+1,j+1);

if(p4==0 && p5==1)

{

ap++;

}

int p6 = (i==size.height-1)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i+1,j);

if(p5==0 && p6==1)

{

ap++;

}

int p7 = (i==size.height-1 || j==0)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i+1,j-1);

if(p6==0 && p7==1)

{

ap++;

}

int p8 = (j==0)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i,j-1);

if(p7==0 && p8==1)

{

ap++;

}

int p9 = (i==0 || j==0)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i-1,j-1);

if(p8==0 && p9==1)

{

ap++;

}

if(p9==0 && p2==1)

{

ap++;

}

if((p2+p3+p4+p5+p6+p7+p8+p9)>1 && (p2+p3+p4+p5+p6+p7+p8+p9)<7)

{

if(ap==1)

{

if(p2*p4*p8==0)

{

if(p2*p6*p8==0)

{

CV_IMAGE_ELEM(dst, byte,i,j)=0;

}

}

}

}

}

}

}

cvReleaseImage(&t_image);

}

}

四、参考链接

[1]http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/OpenCV/message/70260

[2]http://blog.csdn.net/byxdaz/article/details/5642669