Qt之布局管理——（1）基本布局管理

Qt提供的布局类以及他们之间的继承关系（如下图）：





常用到的布局类有：QHBoxLayout、QVBoxLayout、QGridLayout三种，分别是水平排列布局、垂直排列布局、表格排列布局。

常用的方法有addWidget()和addLayout()。addWidget()用于在布局中插入控件，addLayout()用于在布局中插入子布局。

在布局管理中还常用到setMargin()用于设定边距，setSpacing()用于设定控件间距。

setColumnStretch()用于设置列的占空比。

示例：实现如下图的布局





basiclayout.h

#ifndef BASICLAYOUT_H
#define BASICLAYOUT_H

#include <QtGui>

class BasicLayout : public QDialog
{
Q_OBJECT

public:
BasicLayout(QWidget *parent = 0, Qt::WFlags flags = 0);
~BasicLayout();

private:
QLabel *labUser;
QLabel *labName;
QLabel *labSex;
QLabel *labDepartment;
QLabel *labAge;
QLabel *labRemark;
QLineEdit *edtUser;
QLineEdit *edtName;
QComboBox *cbbSex;
QTextEdit *edtDepartment;
QLineEdit *edtAge;

QLabel *labHead;
QLabel *labIcon;
QLabel *labIndividual;
QPushButton *btnChange;
QTextEdit *edtIndividual;

QPushButton *btnOk;
QPushButton *btnCancel;
};

#endif // BASICLAYOUT_H

basiclayout.cpp

#include "basiclayout.h"

BasicLayout::BasicLayout(QWidget *parent, Qt::WFlags flags)
: QDialog(parent, flags)
{
setWindowTitle(tr("User Infomation"));

//Left Loyout:
labUser = new QLabel(tr("User Name:"));
labName = new QLabel(tr("Name;"));
labSex = new QLabel(tr("Sex:"));
labDepartment = new QLabel(tr("Department:"));
labAge = new QLabel(tr("Age:"));
labRemark = new QLabel(tr("Remark:"));
labRemark->setFrameStyle(QFrame::Panel|QFrame::Sunken);
edtUser = new QLineEdit;
edtName = new QLineEdit;
cbbSex = new QComboBox;
cbbSex->insertItem(0,tr("Female"));
cbbSex->insertItem(1,tr("Male"));
edtDepartment = new QTextEdit;
edtAge = new QLineEdit;

QGridLayout *leftLayou = new QGridLayout;
int col_Lab = 0;
int col_Content = 1;
leftLayou->addWidget(labUser,0,col_Lab);
leftLayou->addWidget(edtUser,0,col_Content);
leftLayou->addWidget(labName,1,col_Lab);
leftLayou->addWidget(edtName,1,col_Content);
leftLayou->addWidget(labSex,2,col_Lab);
leftLayou->addWidget(cbbSex,2,col_Content);
leftLayou->addWidget(labDepartment,3,col_Lab);
leftLayou->addWidget(edtDepartment,3,col_Content);
leftLayou->addWidget(labAge,4,col_Lab);
leftLayou->addWidget(edtAge,4,col_Content);
leftLayou->addWidget(labRemark,5,col_Lab,1,2);
leftLayou->setColumnStretch(0,1);	//设置两列分别占有空间的比例
leftLayou->setColumnStretch(1,3);

//Right Layout:
labHead = new QLabel(tr("Head:"));
labIcon = new QLabel;
QPixmap m_icon("head.gif");
labIcon->resize(m_icon.width(),m_icon.height());
labIcon->setPixmap(m_icon);
btnChange = new QPushButton(tr("Change"));
QHBoxLayout *headLayout = new QHBoxLayout;
headLayout->addWidget(labHead);
headLayout->addWidget(labIcon);
headLayout->addWidget(btnChange);
headLayout->setSpacing(20);	//控件间距为20像素
labIndividual = new QLabel(tr("Individual:"));
edtIndividual = new QTextEdit;
QVBoxLayout *rightLayout = new QVBoxLayout;
rightLayout->addLayout(headLayout);
rightLayout->addWidget(labIndividual);
rightLayout->addWidget(edtIndividual);
rightLayout->setMargin(10);

//Bottom Layout:
btnOk = new QPushButton(tr("Ok"));
btnCancel = new QPushButton(tr("Cancel"));
QHBoxLayout *bottomLayout = new QHBoxLayout;
bottomLayout->addStretch();	//添加一个占位符
bottomLayout->addWidget(btnOk);
bottomLayout->addWidget(btnCancel);
bottomLayout->setSpacing(10);

//Main Layout:
QGridLayout *mainLayout = new QGridLayout(this);
mainLayout->addLayout(leftLayou,0,0);
mainLayout->addLayout(rightLayout,0,1);
mainLayout->addLayout(bottomLayout,1,0,1,2);
mainLayout->setMargin(15);
mainLayout->setSpacing(10);
mainLayout->setSizeConstraint(QLayout::SetFixedSize);	//设置对话框大小固定，不允许用户改变

}

BasicLayout::~BasicLayout()
{

}

setFrameStyle()是QFrame的方法，参数以或的方式设定控件的风格，参数1（QFrame::Shape）用于设定控件的形状，参数2（QFrame::Shadow）用于设定控件俺的阴影。

形状有：NoFrame、Panel、Box、HLine、VLine、WinPanel 6种；阴影有：Plain、Raised、Sunken三种。