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SpringMVC 表单数据绑定

2012-11-03 18:21 295 查看
http://senton.iteye.com/blog/973918

查看spring源码可以看出spring支持转换的数据类型:

org.springframework.beans.PropertyEditorRegistrySupport:

Java代码



/**

* Actually register the default editors for this registry instance.

*/

private void createDefaultEditors() {

this.defaultEditors = new HashMap<Class, PropertyEditor>(64);

// Simple editors, without parameterization capabilities.

// The JDK does not contain a default editor for any of these target types.

this.defaultEditors.put(Charset.class, new CharsetEditor());

this.defaultEditors.put(Class.class, new ClassEditor());

this.defaultEditors.put(Class[].class, new ClassArrayEditor());

this.defaultEditors.put(Currency.class, new CurrencyEditor());

this.defaultEditors.put(File.class, new FileEditor());

this.defaultEditors.put(InputStream.class, new InputStreamEditor());

this.defaultEditors.put(InputSource.class, new InputSourceEditor());

this.defaultEditors.put(Locale.class, new LocaleEditor());

this.defaultEditors.put(Pattern.class, new PatternEditor());

this.defaultEditors.put(Properties.class, new PropertiesEditor());

this.defaultEditors.put(Resource[].class, new ResourceArrayPropertyEditor());

this.defaultEditors.put(TimeZone.class, new TimeZoneEditor());

this.defaultEditors.put(URI.class, new URIEditor());

this.defaultEditors.put(URL.class, new URLEditor());

this.defaultEditors.put(UUID.class, new UUIDEditor());

// Default instances of collection editors.

// Can be overridden by registering custom instances of those as custom editors.

this.defaultEditors.put(Collection.class, new CustomCollectionEditor(Collection.class));

this.defaultEditors.put(Set.class, new CustomCollectionEditor(Set.class));

this.defaultEditors.put(SortedSet.class, new CustomCollectionEditor(SortedSet.class));

this.defaultEditors.put(List.class, new CustomCollectionEditor(List.class));

this.defaultEditors.put(SortedMap.class, new CustomMapEditor(SortedMap.class));

// Default editors for primitive arrays.

this.defaultEditors.put(byte[].class, new ByteArrayPropertyEditor());

this.defaultEditors.put(char[].class, new CharArrayPropertyEditor());

// The JDK does not contain a default editor for char!

this.defaultEditors.put(char.class, new CharacterEditor(false));

this.defaultEditors.put(Character.class, new CharacterEditor(true));

// Spring's CustomBooleanEditor accepts more flag values than the JDK's default editor.

this.defaultEditors.put(boolean.class, new CustomBooleanEditor(false));

this.defaultEditors.put(Boolean.class, new CustomBooleanEditor(true));

// The JDK does not contain default editors for number wrapper types!

// Override JDK primitive number editors with our own CustomNumberEditor.

this.defaultEditors.put(byte.class, new CustomNumberEditor(Byte.class, false));

this.defaultEditors.put(Byte.class, new CustomNumberEditor(Byte.class, true));

this.defaultEditors.put(short.class, new CustomNumberEditor(Short.class, false));

this.defaultEditors.put(Short.class, new CustomNumberEditor(Short.class, true));

this.defaultEditors.put(int.class, new CustomNumberEditor(Integer.class, false));

this.defaultEditors.put(Integer.class, new CustomNumberEditor(Integer.class, true));

this.defaultEditors.put(long.class, new CustomNumberEditor(Long.class, false));

this.defaultEditors.put(Long.class, new CustomNumberEditor(Long.class, true));

this.defaultEditors.put(float.class, new CustomNumberEditor(Float.class, false));

this.defaultEditors.put(Float.class, new CustomNumberEditor(Float.class, true));

this.defaultEditors.put(double.class, new CustomNumberEditor(Double.class, false));

this.defaultEditors.put(Double.class, new CustomNumberEditor(Double.class, true));

this.defaultEditors.put(BigDecimal.class, new CustomNumberEditor(BigDecimal.class, true));

this.defaultEditors.put(BigInteger.class, new CustomNumberEditor(BigInteger.class, true));

// Only register config value editors if explicitly requested.

if (this.configValueEditorsActive) {

StringArrayPropertyEditor sae = new StringArrayPropertyEditor();

this.defaultEditors.put(String[].class, sae);

this.defaultEditors.put(short[].class, sae);

this.defaultEditors.put(int[].class, sae);

this.defaultEditors.put(long[].class, sae);

}

}

下面挑选一些常用的数据类型,举例说明它们的绑定方式

1. 基本数据类型(以int为例,其他类似):

Controller代码:

Java代码



@RequestMapping("test.do")

public void test(int num) {

}

JSP表单代码:

Java代码



<form action="test.do" method="post">

<input name="num" value="10" type="text"/>

......

</form>

表单中input的name值和Controller的参数变量名保持一致,就能完成基本数据类型的数据绑定,如果不一致可以使用@RequestParam标注实现。值得一提的是,如果Controller方法参数中定义的是基本数据类型,但是从jsp提交过来的数据为null或者""的话,会出现数据转换的异常。也就是说,必须保证表单传递过来的数据不能为null或"",所以,在开发过程中,对可能为空的数据,最好将参数数据类型定义成包装类型,具体参见下面的第二条。

2. 包装类型(以Integer为例,其他类似):

Controller代码:

Java代码



@RequestMapping("test.do")

public void test(Integer num) {

}

JSP表单代码:

Java代码



<form action="test.do" method="post">

<input name="num" value="10" type="text"/>

......

</form>

和基本数据类型基本一样,不同之处在于,JSP表单传递过来的数据可以为null或"",以上面代码为例,如果jsp中num为""或者表单中无num这个input,那么,Controller方法参数中的num值则为null。

3. 自定义对象类型:

Model代码:

Java代码



public class User {

private String firstName;

private String lastName;

public String getFirstName() {

return firstName;

}

public void setFirstName(String firstName) {

this.firstName = firstName;

}

public String getLastName() {

return lastName;

}

public void setLastName(String lastName) {

this.lastName = lastName;

}

}

Controller代码:

Java代码



@RequestMapping("test.do")

public void test(User user) {

}

JSP表单代码:

Java代码



<form action="test.do" method="post">

<input name="firstName" value="张" type="text"/>

<input name="lastName" value="三" type="text"/>

......

</form>

非常简单,只需将对象的属性名和input的name值一一对应即可。

4. 自定义复合对象类型:

Model代码:

Java代码



public class ContactInfo {

private String tel;

private String address;

public String getTel() {

return tel;

}

public void setTel(String tel) {

this.tel = tel;

}

public String getAddress() {

return address;

}

public void setAddress(String address) {

this.address = address;

}

}

public class User {

private String firstName;

private String lastName;

private ContactInfo contactInfo;

public String getFirstName() {

return firstName;

}

public void setFirstName(String firstName) {

this.firstName = firstName;

}

public String getLastName() {

return lastName;

}

public void setLastName(String lastName) {

this.lastName = lastName;

}

public ContactInfo getContactInfo() {

return contactInfo;

}

public void setContactInfo(ContactInfo contactInfo) {

this.contactInfo = contactInfo;

}

}

Controller代码:

Java代码



@RequestMapping("test.do")

public void test(User user) {

System.out.println(user.getFirstName());

System.out.println(user.getLastName());

System.out.println(user.getContactInfo().getTel());

System.out.println(user.getContactInfo().getAddress());

}

JSP表单代码:

Java代码



<form action="test.do" method="post">

<input name="firstName" value="张" /><br>

<input name="lastName" value="三" /><br>

<input name="contactInfo.tel" value="13809908909" /><br>

<input name="contactInfo.address" value="北京海淀" /><br>

<input type="submit" value="Save" />

</form>

User对象中有ContactInfo属性,Controller中的代码和第3点说的一致,但是,在jsp代码中,需要使用“属性名(对象类型的属性).属性名”来命名input的name。

5. List绑定:

List需要绑定在对象上,而不能直接写在Controller方法的参数中。

Model代码:

Java代码



public class User {

private String firstName;

private String lastName;

public String getFirstName() {

return firstName;

}

public void setFirstName(String firstName) {

this.firstName = firstName;

}

public String getLastName() {

return lastName;

}

public void setLastName(String lastName) {

this.lastName = lastName;

}

}

public class UserListForm {

private List<User> users;

public List<User> getUsers() {

return users;

}

public void setUsers(List<User> users) {

this.users = users;

}

}

Controller代码:

Java代码



@RequestMapping("test.do")

public void test(UserListForm userForm) {

for (User user : userForm.getUsers()) {

System.out.println(user.getFirstName() + " - " + user.getLastName());

}

}

JSP表单代码:

Java代码



<form action="test.do" method="post">

<table>

<thead>

<tr>

<th>First Name</th>

<th>Last Name</th>

</tr>

</thead>

<tfoot>

<tr>

<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="Save" /></td>

</tr>

</tfoot>

<tbody>

<tr>

<td><input name="users[0].firstName" value="aaa" /></td>

<td><input name="users[0].lastName" value="bbb" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td><input name="users[1].firstName" value="ccc" /></td>

<td><input name="users[1].lastName" value="ddd" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td><input name="users[2].firstName" value="eee" /></td>

<td><input name="users[2].lastName" value="fff" /></td>

</tr>

</tbody>

</table>

</form>

其实,这和第4点User对象中的contantInfo数据的绑定有点类似,但是这里的UserListForm对象里面的属性被定义成List,而不是普通自定义对象。所以,在JSP中需要指定List的下标。值得一提的是,Spring会创建一个以最大下标值为size的List对象,所以,如果JSP表单中有动态添加行、删除行的情况,就需要特别注意,譬如一个表格,用户在使用过程中经过多次删除行、增加行的操作之后,下标值就会与实际大小不一致,这时候,List中的对象,只有在jsp表单中对应有下标的那些才会有值,否则会为null,看个例子:

JSP表单代码:

Java代码



<form action="test.do" method="post">

<table>

<thead>

<tr>

<th>First Name</th>

<th>Last Name</th>

</tr>

</thead>

<tfoot>

<tr>

<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="Save" /></td>

</tr>

</tfoot>

<tbody>

<tr>

<td><input name="users[0].firstName" value="aaa" /></td>

<td><input name="users[0].lastName" value="bbb" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td><input name="users[1].firstName" value="ccc" /></td>

<td><input name="users[1].lastName" value="ddd" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td><input name="users[20].firstName" value="eee" /></td>

<td><input name="users[20].lastName" value="fff" /></td>

</tr>

</tbody>

</table>

</form>

这个时候,Controller中的userForm.getUsers()获取到List的size为21,而且这21个User对象都不会为null,但是,第2到第19的User对象中的firstName和lastName都为null。打印结果:

Java代码



aaa - bbb

ccc - ddd

null - null

null - null

null - null

null - null

null - null

null - null

null - null

null - null

null - null

null - null

null - null

null - null

null - null

null - null

null - null

null - null

null - null

null - null

eee - fff

6. Set绑定:

Set和List类似,也需要绑定在对象上,而不能直接写在Controller方法的参数中。但是,绑定Set数据时,必须先在Set对象中add相应的数量的模型对象。

Model代码:

Java代码



public class User {

private String firstName;

private String lastName;

public String getFirstName() {

return firstName;

}

public void setFirstName(String firstName) {

this.firstName = firstName;

}

public String getLastName() {

return lastName;

}

public void setLastName(String lastName) {

this.lastName = lastName;

}

}

public class UserSetForm {

private Set<User> users = new HashSet<User>();

public UserSetForm(){

users.add(new User());

users.add(new User());

users.add(new User());

}

public Set<User> getUsers() {

return users;

}

public void setUsers(Set<User> users) {

this.users = users;

}

}

Controller代码:

Java代码



@RequestMapping("test.do")

public void test(UserSetForm userForm) {

for (User user : userForm.getUsers()) {

System.out.println(user.getFirstName() + " - " + user.getLastName());

}

}

JSP表单代码:

Java代码



<form action="test.do" method="post">

<table>

<thead>

<tr>

<th>First Name</th>

<th>Last Name</th>

</tr>

</thead>

<tfoot>

<tr>

<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="Save" /></td>

</tr>

</tfoot>

<tbody>

<tr>

<td><input name="users[0].firstName" value="aaa" /></td>

<td><input name="users[0].lastName" value="bbb" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td><input name="users[1].firstName" value="ccc" /></td>

<td><input name="users[1].lastName" value="ddd" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td><input name="users[2].firstName" value="eee" /></td>

<td><input name="users[2].lastName" value="fff" /></td>

</tr>

</tbody>

</table>

</form>

基本和List绑定类似。

需要特别提醒的是,如果最大下标值大于Set的size,则会抛出org.springframework.beans.InvalidPropertyException异常。所以,在使用时有些不便。暂时没找到解决方法,如果有网友知道,请回帖共享你的做法。

5. Map绑定:

Map最为灵活,它也需要绑定在对象上,而不能直接写在Controller方法的参数中。

Model代码:

Java代码



public class User {

private String firstName;

private String lastName;

public String getFirstName() {

return firstName;

}

public void setFirstName(String firstName) {

this.firstName = firstName;

}

public String getLastName() {

return lastName;

}

public void setLastName(String lastName) {

this.lastName = lastName;

}

}

public class UserMapForm {

private Map<String, User> users;

public Map<String, User> getUsers() {

return users;

}

public void setUsers(Map<String, User> users) {

this.users = users;

}

}

Controller代码:

Java代码



@RequestMapping("test.do")

public void test(UserMapForm userForm) {

for (Map.Entry<String, User> entry : userForm.getUsers().entrySet()) {

System.out.println(entry.getKey() + ": " + entry.getValue().getFirstName() + " - " +

entry.getValue().getLastName());

}

}

JSP表单代码:

Java代码



<form action="test.do" method="post">

<table>

<thead>

<tr>

<th>First Name</th>

<th>Last Name</th>

</tr>

</thead>

<tfoot>

<tr>

<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="Save" /></td>

</tr>

</tfoot>

<tbody>

<tr>

<td><input name="users['x'].firstName" value="aaa" /></td>

<td><input name="users['x'].lastName" value="bbb" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td><input name="users['y'].firstName" value="ccc" /></td>

<td><input name="users['y'].lastName" value="ddd" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td><input name="users['z'].firstName" value="eee" /></td>

<td><input name="users['z'].lastName" value="fff" /></td>

</tr>

</tbody>

</table>

</form>

打印结果:

Java代码



x: aaa - bbb

y: ccc - ddd

z: eee - fff
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