Nginx+Mysql+PHP安装和配置,简单优化

一）软件下载

1、下载nginx
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.0.tar.gz
2、下载pcre
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.30.tar.gz
3、下载MySQL
wget http://mysql.mirror.kangaroot.net/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.25.tar.gz
4、下载php
wget http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-5.3.13.tar.gz
5、下载cmake（MySQL编译工具）
wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz
6、下载libmcrypt
wget ftp://mcrypt.hellug.gr/pub/crypto/mcrypt/libmcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz
安装编译工具及库文件（使用CentOS yum命令安装）

yum install make apr* autoconf automake curl-devel gcc gcc-c++ zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel gd kernel keyutils patch perl kernel-headers compat* mpfr cpp glibc libgomp libstdc++-devel ppl cloog-ppl keyutils-libs-devel libcom_err-devel libsepol-devel libselinux-devel krb5-devel zlib-devel libXpm* freetype libjpeg* libpng* php-common php-gd ncurses* libtool* libxml2 libxml2-devel patch

二）安装 cmake
[root@DR2 mnt]# tar zxvf cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz
[root@DR2 cmake-2.8.8]# ./configure
[root@DR2 cmake-2.8.8]# make
[root@DR2 cmake-2.8.8]# make install

三）安装 Mysql
[root@DR2 cmake-2.8.8]# groupadd mysql #添加mysql组
[root@DR2 cmake-2.8.8]# useradd -g mysql mysql -s /bin/false #创建用户mysql并加入到mysql组，不允许mysql用户直接登录系统

[root@DR2 cmake-2.8.8]# mkdir -p /data/mysql #创建MySQL数据库存放目录
[root@DR2 cmake-2.8.8]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql #设置MySQL数据库目录权限
[root@DR2 cmake-2.8.8]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql #创建MySQL安装目录
[root@DR2 mnt]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.25.tar.gz #解压
[root@DR2 mysql-5.5.25]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc
[root@DR2 mysql-5.5.25]# make
[root@DR2 mysql-5.5.25]# make install
[root@DR2 mysql-5.5.25]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@DR2 mysql]# cp ./support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf #拷贝配置文件（注意：如果/etc目录下面默认有一个my.cnf，直接覆盖即可）
[root@DR2 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf #编辑配置文件,在 [mysqld] 部分增加下面一行
datadir = /data/mysql #添加MySQL数据库路径
:wq! #保存退出
[root@DR2 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql #生成mysql系统数据库
[root@DR2 mysql]# cp -fr ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld #把Mysql加入系统启动
[root@DR2 mysql]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld #增加执行权限
[root@DR2 mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on #设置开机启动
[root@DR2 mysql]# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld #编辑
basedir = /usr/local/mysql #MySQL程序安装路径
datadir = /data/mysql #MySQl数据库存放目录
[root@DR2 mysql]# service mysqld start #启动
[root@DR2 mysql]# vim /etc/profile #把mysql服务加入系统环境变量：在最后添加下面这一行
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
:wq! #保存退出
下面这两行把myslq的库文件链接到系统默认的位置，在编译类似PHP等软件时可以不用指定mysql的库文件地址。
[root@DR2 mysql]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql/
[root@DR2 mysql]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql
[root@DR2 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p password "123456" #修改密码

Enter password: #不用再输入密码直接按回车键。
到此mysql安装完成

四）安装pcre
[root@DR2 mnt]# mkdir /usr/local/pcre #创建目录
[root@DR2 mnt]# tar zxvf pcre-8.30.tar.gz #解压
[root@DR2 pcre-8.30]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre/
[root@DR2 pcre-8.30]# make
[root@DR2 pcre-8.30]# make install

五）安装nginx
[root@DR2 mnt]# groupadd www #添加www组
[root@DR2 mnt]# useradd -g www www -s /bin/false #创建nginx运行账户www并加入到www组，不允许www用户直接登录系统
[root@DR2 mnt]# tar zxvf nginx-1.2.0.tar.gz #解压
[root@DR2 nginx-1.2.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --without-http_memcached_module --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-openssl=/usr/ --with-pcre=/mnt/pcre-8.30

注意：--with-openssl=/usr/ --with-pcre=/mnt/pcre-8.30指向的是源码包解压的路径，而不是安装的路径，否则会报错
[root@DR2 nginx-1.2.0]# make
[root@DR2 nginx-1.2.0]# make install
[root@DR2 nginx-1.2.0]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #启动nginx
[root@DR2 nginx-1.2.0]# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #设置nginx开启启动，编辑启动文件添加下面内容.

#################################################################

#!/bin/bash

# nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server

# it is v.0.0.2 version.

# chkconfig: - 85 15

# description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.

# It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.

# processname: nginx

# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid

# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

nginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

nginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

nginx_pid=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid

RETVAL=0

prog="nginx"

# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.

. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.

[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0

[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0

# Start nginx daemons functions.

start() {

if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then

echo "nginx already running...."

exit 1

fi

echo -n $"Starting $prog: "

daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}

RETVAL=$?

echo

[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx

return $RETVAL

}

# Stop nginx daemons functions.

stop() {

echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "

killproc $nginxd

RETVAL=$?

echo

[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid

}

reload() {

echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "

#kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`

killproc $nginxd -HUP

RETVAL=$?

echo

}

# See how we were called.

case "$1" in

start)

start

;;

stop)

stop

;;

reload)

reload

;;

restart)

stop

start

;;
status)

status $prog

RETVAL=$?

;;

*)

echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"

exit 1

esac

exit $RETVAL

#################################################################

:wq! #保存退出

[root@DR2 nginx-1.2.0]# chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #赋予文件执行权限
[root@DR2 nginx-1.2.0]# chkconfig nginx on #设置开机启动
[root@DR2 nginx-1.2.0]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx restart #重启

停止 nginx： [确定]

启动 nginx： [确定]

六）安装libmcrypt
[root@DR2 mnt]# tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz #解压
[root@DR2 libmcrypt-2.5.7]# ./configure
[root@DR2 libmcrypt-2.5.7]# make
[root@DR2 libmcrypt-2.5.7]# make install

七）安装PHP
[root@DR2 mnt]# tar zxvf php-5.3.13.tar.gz #解压
[root@DR2 php-5.3.13]# mkdir /usr/local/php5 #创建安装PHP目录
[root@DR2 php-5.3.13]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5 --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php5/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-gd --with-iconv --with-zlib --enable-xml --enable-magic-quotes --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --enable-ftp --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear --with-gettext --enable-session --with-mcrypt --with-curl
[root@DR2 php-5.3.13]# make
[root@DR2 php-5.3.13]# make install
[root@DR2 php-5.3.13]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini #复制php配置文件到安装目录下
[root@DR2 php-5.3.13]# rm -fr /etc/php.ini #删除系统自带的php配置文件
[root@DR2 php-5.3.13]# ln -s /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini /etc/php.ini #创建软连接
[root@DR2 php-5.3.13]# cp /usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf #拷贝模板文件为php-fpm配置文件
[root@DR2 php-5.3.13]# vim /usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf
user = www #设置php-fpm运行账号为www
group = www #设置php-fpm运行组为www
pid = run/php-fpm.pid #取消前面的分号
：wq 保存退出
[root@DR2 php-5.3.13]# cp /mnt/php-5.3.13/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm #设置 php-fpm开机启动，拷贝php-fpm到启动目录
[root@DR2 php-5.3.13]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm #添加执行权限
[root@DR2 php-5.3.13]# chkconfig php-fpm on #设置开机启动
[root@DR2 php-5.3.13]# vim /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini #编辑
找到：;date.timezone =

修改为：date.timezone = PRC #设置时区
找到：expose_php = On

修改为：expose_php = OFF #禁止显示php版本的信息
:wq 保存退出

八）配置nginx支持php
[root@DR2 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf #编辑
user www www; #首行user去掉注释,修改Nginx运行组为www www；必须与/usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf中的user,group配置相同，否则php运行出错

worker_processes 2 ;
#error_log logs/error.log;

error_log logs/error.log notice;

#error_log logs/error.log info;
pid logs/nginx.pid;

events {

worker_connections 3000;

}

http {

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

client_max_body_size 20m;

client_header_buffer_size 32k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;

keepalive_timeout 60;

client_header_timeout 10;

client_body_timeout 10;

send_timeout 10;
tcp_nodelay on;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;

fastcgi_send_timeout 300;

fastcgi_read_timeout 300;

fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;

fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;

fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;

fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

#gzip on;
server {

listen 80;

server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {

root html;

index index.php index.html index.htm; #添加index.php

}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$

{

expires 30d;

}
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$

{

expires 1h;

}

#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

#

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

root html;

}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

#

location ~ \.php$ {

root html;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

include fastcgi_params;

}

#取消FastCGI server部分location的注释,并要注意fastcgi_param行的参数,改为$document_root$fastcgi_script_name,或者使用绝对路径
[root@DR2 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx restart #重启nginx

九）优化linux内核参数
[root@DR2 ~]#vim /etc/sysctl.conf
在末尾增加以下内容：

net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536

net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768

net.core.somaxconn = 32768

net.core.wmem_default = 8388608

net.core.rmem_default = 8388608

net.core.rmem_max = 16777216

net.core.wmem_max = 16777216

net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0

net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2

net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1

#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000

net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800

#net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30

#net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535
使配置立即生效：

[root@DR2 ~]#/sbin/sysctl -p

十）测试
[root@DR2 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php #建立php测试页
添加以下内容

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

：wq 保存退出，.重新启动机器，开机后访问：http://ip地址/index.php
出现以下图表示nginx+php+mysql安装成功





十一 ）编写每天定时切割Nginx日志的脚本

[root@DR2 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx.sh

#!/bin/bash

# The Nginx logs path

savepath_log="/home/nginx/logs" #这里指定分割后的日志存放的路径

logs_path="/usr/local/nginx/logs/"

mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/

mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/access_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").log

kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid `

设置crontab，每天凌晨00:00切割nginx访问日志

[root@DR2 ~]# crontab -e

输入以下内容：

00 00 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx.sh

本文出自 “Albert” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://ailian919.blog.51cto.com/1858709/1048043