详细解释：nginx中Nginx Main Module（主模块）配置及各个参数含义

这里是控制 Nginx 的基本功能的指令.

指令：

[#daemon daemon]
[#debug_points debug_points]
[#error_log error_log]
[#include include]
[#lock_file lock_file]
[#master_process master_process]
[#pid pid]
[#ssl_engine ssl_engine]
[#timer_resolution timer_resolution]
[#user user group]
[#worker_cpu_affinity worker_cpu_affinity]
[#worker_priority worker_priority]
[#worker_processes worker_processes]
[#worker_rlimit_core worker_rlimit_core]
[#worker_rlimit_nofile worker_rlimit_nofile]
[#worker_rlimit_sigpending worker_rlimit_sigpending]
[#working_directory working_directory]

daemon

语法: daemon on | off

缺省值: on

daemon  off;

Do not use the "daemon" and "master_process" directives in a production mode, these options are mainly used for development only. You can use daemon off safely in production mode with runit / daemontools however you can't do a graceful upgrade. master_process
off should never be used in production.

生产环境中不要使用"daemon"和"master_process"指令，这些选项仅用于开发调试。

debug_points

语法: debug_points [stop | abort]

缺省值: none

debug_points stop;

There are some assertion points inside nginx that allow to stop nginx to attach the debugger, or to abort and to create the core file.

应该适用于调试，在调试器内设置断点之类的。

error_log

语法: error_log file [ debug | info | notice | warn | error | crit ]

缺省值: ${prefix}/logs/error.log

Nginx 添加 --with-debug 编译参数, 你还能够使用以下配置:

error_log LOGFILE [ debug_core | debug_alloc | debug_mutex | debug_event
]: | debug_http | debug_imap ;

include

语法: include file | *

缺省值: none

你可以在任意地方使用include指令实现配置文件的包含，类似于apache中的include方法，可减少主配置文件d。

include 指令还支持像下面配置一样的全局包含的方法，例如包含一个目录下所有以".conf"结尾的文件:

include vhosts/*.conf;

注意路径受到configure编译参数--prefix=<路径>指令的影响，如果没有指定，Nginx默认是被编译在/usr/local/nginx。

语法: lock_file file

缺省值: compile-time option

lock_file  /var/log/lock_file;

nginx uses accept mutex to serialize accept() syscalls. If nginx is built by gcc, Intel C++, or SunPro C++ compilers on i386, amd64, sparc64, and ppc64, then nginx uses the atomic instructions to implement the mutex. In other cases the lock file would be used.

master_process

语法: master_process on | off

缺省值: on

master_process  off;

Do not use the "daemon" and "master_process" directives in a production mode, these options are mainly used for development only.

生产环境中不要使用"daemon"和"master_process"指令，这些选项仅用于开发调试。

pid

语法: pid file

缺省值: compile-time option Example:

pid /var/log/nginx.pid;

进程id存储文件。可以使用 kill -HUP cat /var/log/nginx.pid\ 对Nginx进行配置文件重新加载。

ssl_engine

语法: ssl_engine engine

缺省值: system dependent

Here you can set your preferred openssl engine if any available. You can figure out which one do you have with the commandline tool:

该指令用于指定openssl使用的引擎。你可以通过下面的命令行获知系统目前支持的openssl引擎

openssl engine -t

例如:

$ openssl engine -t
(cryptodev) BSD cryptodev engine
: [ available ]
(dynamic) Dynamic engine loading support
: [ unavailable ]

timer_resolution

语法: timer_resolution t

缺省值: none

Example:

timer_resolution  100ms;

The directive allows to decrease number gettimeofday() syscalls. By default gettimeofday() is called after each return from kevent(), epoll, /dev/poll, select(), poll().

But if you need an exact time in logs when logging $upstream_response_time, or $msec variables, then you should use timer_resolution.

user

语法: user user [group]

缺省值: nobody nobody

指定Nginx Worker进程运行用户，默认是nobody帐号。

例如:

user www users;

worker_cpu_affinity

语法: worker_cpu_affinity cpumask [cpumask...]

缺省值: none

Linux only.

With this option you can bind the worker process to a CPU, it calls sched_setaffinity().

仅适用于linux，使用该选项可以绑定worker进程和CPU.

For example,

worker_proceses     4;
worker_cpu_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000;

Bind each worker process to one CPU only.

分别给每个worker进程绑定一个CPU.

worker_proceses     2;
worker_cpu_affinity 0101 1010;

Bind the first worker to CPU0/CPU2, bind the second worker to CPU1/CPU3. This is suitable for HTT.

将CPU0/CPU2绑定给第一个worker进程，将CPU1/CPU3绑定给第二个worker进程。

worker_priority

语法: worker_priority [-] number

缺省值: on

With this option you can give to all worker processes the priority (nice) you need/wish, it calls setpriority().

使用该选项可以给所有的worker进程分配优先值。

worker_processes

语法: worker_processes number

缺省值: 1

e.g.:

worker_processes 5;

nginx has the ability to use more than one worker process for several reasons:

nginx可以使用多个worker进程，原因如下：

to use SMP

to decrease latency when workers blockend on disk I/O

to limit number of connections per process when select()/poll() is used

The worker_processes and worker_connections from the event sections allows you to calculate maxclients value: k

max_clients = worker_processes * worker_connections

worker_rlimit_core

语法: worker_rlimit_core size

缺省值: '

Maximum size of core file per worker;

worker_rlimit_nofile

语法: worker_rlimit_nofile limit 缺省值: '

Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.

worker_rlimit_sigpending

语法: worker_rlimit_sigpending limit 缺省值: '

(Since Linux 2.6.8) Specifies the limit on the number of signals that may be queued for the real user ID of the calling process.

working_directory

语法: working_directory path 缺省值: --prefix

This is the working directory for the workers. It's used for core files only. nginx uses absolute paths only, all relative paths in configuration files are relative to --prefix==PATH.