Spring事务配置方法介绍
2012-09-22 21:01
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Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分,分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分,无论哪种配置方式,一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。
DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化,比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时,DataSource实际为SessionFactory,TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。
具体如下图:
根据代理机制的不同,总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式,配置文件如下:
第一种方式:每个Bean都有一个代理
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<bean
id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property
name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"
/>
<property
name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"
/>
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务)
-->
<bean
id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property
name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"
/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO
-->
<bean
id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<property
name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"
/>
</bean>
<bean
id="userDao"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
<!-- 配置事务管理器
-->
<property
name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"
/>
<property
name="target" ref="userDaoTarget"
/>
<property
name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao"
/>
<!-- 配置事务属性
-->
<property
name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop
key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
第二种方式:所有Bean共享一个代理基类
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<bean
id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property
name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"
/>
<property
name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"
/>
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务)
-->
<bean
id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property
name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"
/>
</bean>
<bean
id="transactionBase"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
lazy-init="true" abstract="true">
<!-- 配置事务管理器
-->
<property
name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"
/>
<!-- 配置事务属性
-->
<property
name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop
key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO
-->
<bean
id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<property
name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"
/>
</bean>
<bean
id="userDao" parent="transactionBase"
>
<property
name="target" ref="userDaoTarget"
/>
</bean>
</beans>
第三种方式:使用拦截器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<bean
id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property
name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"
/>
<property
name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"
/>
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务)
-->
<bean
id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property
name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"
/>
</bean>
<bean
id="transactionInterceptor"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">
<property
name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"
/>
<!-- 配置事务属性
-->
<property
name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop
key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean
class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
<property
name="beanNames">
<list>
<value>*Dao</value>
</list>
</property>
<property
name="interceptorNames">
<list>
<value>transactionInterceptor</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO
-->
<bean
id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<property
name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"
/>
</bean>
</beans>
第四种方式:使用tx标签配置的拦截器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<context:annotation-config
/>
<context:component-scan
base-package="com.bluesky"
/>
<bean
id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property
name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"
/>
<property
name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"
/>
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务)
-->
<bean
id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property
name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"
/>
</bean>
<tx:advice
id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method
name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"
/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut
id="interceptorPointCuts"
expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))"
/>
<aop:advisor
advice-ref="txAdvice"
pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts"
/>
</aop:config>
</beans>
第五种方式:全注解
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<context:annotation-config
/>
<context:component-scan
base-package="com.bluesky"
/>
<tx:annotation-driven
transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
<bean
id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property
name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"
/>
<property
name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"
/>
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务)
-->
<bean
id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property
name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"
/>
</bean>
</beans>
此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解,如下:
package com.bluesky.spring.dao;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;
@Transactional
@Component("userDao")
public
class UserDaoImpl
extends HibernateDaoSupport
implements UserDao {
public List<User>
listUsers() {
return
this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();
}
}
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