c# 读取excel文件的三种方法

VS2010 读取excel文件的三种方法

方法一：NPOI

NPOI参考

优点：

NPOI 是 POI 项目的 .NET 版本。POI是一个开源的Java读写Excel、WORD等微软OLE2组件文档的项目。

使用 NPOI 你就可以在没有安装 Office 或者相应环境的机器上对 WORD/EXCEL 文档进行读写。

操作步骤：

一、下载NPOI：http://down.gougou.com/down?cid=DAEA322D9D7F934B898077FB01C3A8CB02A746E6

二、项目添加引用；

三、首先把如下代码封装成一个ExcelHelper类；

四、调用方法。

代码：（经测试）

/// <summary>

/// 由Excel导入DataSet，如果有多个工作表，则导入多个DataTable

/// </summary>

/// <param name="excelFileStream">Excel文件流</param>

/// <param name="headerRowIndex">Excel表头行索引</param>

/// <returns>DataSet</returns>

public static DataSet ImportDataSetFromExcel(Stream excelFileStream, string sheetName, int headerRowIndex)

{

DataSet ds = new DataSet();

HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(excelFileStream);

string sheetname = null;

HSSFSheet sheet = null;

try

{

sheetname = sheetName.Substring(0, sheetName.Length - 1);

sheet = workbook.GetSheet(sheetname);//"BlankSubtraction1"

if (sheet != null)

{

DataTable table = new DataTable();

HSSFRow headerRow = sheet.GetRow(headerRowIndex);

int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum;

for (int i = headerRow.FirstCellNum; i < 20; i++)

{

//string tst1 = headerRow.GetCell(1).ToString();

//string tst2 = headerRow.GetCell(1).StringCellValue.Trim();

if (headerRow.GetCell(i) != null)

{

//// 如果遇到第一个空列，则不再继续向后读取

//cellCount = i + 1;

//break;

DataColumn column = new DataColumn(i.ToString());

table.Columns.Add(column);

}

//DataColumn column = new DataColumn(i.ToString());//headerRow.GetCell(i).StringCellValue

//table.Columns.Add(column);

}

for (int i = (sheet.FirstRowNum + 1); i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++)

{

HSSFRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);

if (row != null)

{

DataRow dataRow = table.NewRow();

cellCount = row.Cells.Count;

for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < 15; j++)

{

if (row.GetCell(j) != null)//row.GetCell(j) != null

{

string tst = row.GetCell(j).ToString();

dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();

}

}

table.Rows.Add(dataRow);

}

}

ds.Tables.Add(table);

}

}

catch

{

}

excelFileStream.Close();

workbook = null;

return ds;

}

/// <summary>

/// 由Excel导入DataSet，如果有多个工作表，则导入多个DataTable

/// </summary> /// <param name="excelFilePath">Excel文件路径，为物理路径。</param>

/// <param name="headerRowIndex">Excel表头行索引</param>

/// <returns>DataSet</returns>

public DataSet ImportDataSetFromExcel(string excelFilePath, string sheetName, int headerRowIndex)

{

using (FileStream stream = System.IO.File.OpenRead(excelFilePath))

{

long tt = stream.Length;

//while (stream.Length() != null)

int ss = stream.ReadByte();

return ImportDataSetFromExcel(stream, sheetName, headerRowIndex);

}

}

方法二：使用COM组件。

缺点：

只能在安装excel 2003时才可以。

优点：（特殊情况下使用）

使用于excel打开后需要点击“保存”才能用程序读取的情况。

操作步骤：

首先，在引用的COM中找到Microsoft Excel 11.0 Object Library，添加。

代码：（经测试）

public DataSet CSV_Getds(string filePath)

{

//创建Application对象

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();

xApp.Visible = false;//

//得到WorkBook对象, 可以用两种方式之一: 下面的是打开已有的文件

//Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook xBook = xApp.Workbooks._Open(@"C:\Watson Data Interface\Raw Data\Thermo multiscan\吸光度值原始数据（450-630-blank）.xls",

//Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value

//, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value

//, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook xBook = xApp.Workbooks._Open(filePath,

Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value

, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value

, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);

//xBook=xApp.Workbooks.Add(Missing.Value);//新建文件的代码

//指定要操作的Sheet，两种方式：

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet xSheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)xBook.Sheets[1];

//Worksheet ws = (Worksheet)xBook.Worksheets[1];

//Excel.Worksheet xSheet=(Excel.Worksheet)xApp.ActiveSheet;

//读取数据，通过Range对象

//Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range rng1 = xSheet.get_Range("A1", Type.Missing);

//读取，通过Range对象，但使用不同的接口得到Range

//Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range rng2 = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)xSheet.Cells[3, 1];

//保存方式三

xBook.Save();

xBook.Close();

xSheet = null;

xBook = null;

xApp.Quit(); //这一句是非常重要的，否则Excel对象不能从内存中退出

xApp = null;

//保存方式二：保存WorkSheet

//xSheet.SaveAs(@"C:\Watson Data Interface\Raw Data\Thermo multiscan\吸光度值原始数据（450-630-blank）.xls",

// Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value,

// Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);

try

{

string[] name = GetTablesFromOleDb(filePath);

string a = string.Empty;

for (int i = 0; i < name.Length; i++)

{

if (name[i].Replace("'", "") == "BlankSubtraction1$")//BlankSubtraction1

{

a = name[i].Replace("'", "");

}

}

if (a == string.Empty)//不存在BlankSubtraction1时取Photometric1

{

for (int i = 0; i < name.Length; i++)

{

if (name[i].Replace("'", "") == "Photometric1$")

{

a = name[i].Replace("'", "");

}

}

}

string OLEDBConnStr = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OleDb.4.0;" + "data source=" + filePath + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0; HDR=YES; IMEX=1'";

OleDbDataAdapter oda = new OleDbDataAdapter("select * from [" + a + "]", OLEDBConnStr);

DataSet sourceDataTable = new DataSet();

oda.Fill(sourceDataTable);

oda.Dispose();

GC.Collect();

return sourceDataTable;

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);

return null;

}

}

/// <summary>

/// 提供excel驱动和连接

/// </summary>

/// <param name="path"></param>

/// <returns></returns>

public static string[] GetTablesFromOleDb(string path)

{

string[] result = null;

string connStr = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" +

"Extended Properties=\"Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1\";" + // 指定扩展属性为 Microsoft Excel 8.0 (97) 9.0 (2000) 10.0 (2002)，并且第一行作为数据返回，且以文本方式读取

"data source=" + path;

OleDbConnection conn = null;

System.Data.DataTable tblSchema = null;

// 初始化连接，并打开

conn = new OleDbConnection(connStr);

try

{

conn.Open();

tblSchema = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, new object[] { null, null, null, "TABLE" });

result = new string[tblSchema.Rows.Count];

for (int i = 0; i < tblSchema.Rows.Count; i++)

{

result[i] = tblSchema.Rows[i][2].ToString();

}

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

return null;

}

finally

{

// 关闭连接e

conn.Close();

conn.Dispose();

}

return result;

}

方法三：使用office 驱动。

优点：

此方法最简单，也最普遍。

代码：（经测试）

public DataSet CSV_Getds(string filePath)

{

try

{

string[] name = GetTablesFromOleDb(filePath);

string a = string.Empty;

for (int i = 0; i < name.Length; i++)

{

if (name[i].Replace("'", "") == "BlankSubtraction1$")//BlankSubtraction1

{

a = name[i].Replace("'", "");

}

}

if (a == string.Empty)//不存在BlankSubtraction1时取Photometric1

{

for (int i = 0; i < name.Length; i++)

{

if (name[i].Replace("'", "") == "Photometric1$")

{

a = name[i].Replace("'", "");

}

}

}

string OLEDBConnStr = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OleDb.4.0;" + "data source=" + filePath + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0; HDR=YES; IMEX=1'";

OleDbDataAdapter oda = new OleDbDataAdapter("select * from [" + a + "]", OLEDBConnStr);

DataSet sourceDataTable = new DataSet();

oda.Fill(sourceDataTable);

oda.Dispose();

GC.Collect();

return sourceDataTable;

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);

return null;

}

}