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NSNotificationCenter消息通信机制介绍(KVO)

2012-07-30 11:16 316 查看
[b]作用:[/b]NSNotificationCenter是专门供程序中不同类间的消息通信而设置的.

注册通知:即要在什么地方接受消息

               [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]  addObserver:self selector:@selector(mytest:) name:@" mytest" object:nil]; 

      参数介绍:

          addObserver: 观察者,即在什么地方接收通知;

        selector: 收到通知后调用何种方法;

        name: 通知的名字,也是通知的唯一标示,编译器就通过这个找到通知的。

发送通知:调用观察者处的方法。

           [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:@"mytest" object:searchFriendArray];

          参数:

         postNotificationName:通知的名字,也是通知的唯一标示,编译器就通过这个找到通知的。

                 object:传递的参数

注册方法的写法:

- (void) mytest:(NSNotification*) notification

{

   id obj = [notification object];//获取到传递的对象



 

附:注册键盘升启关闭消息

//键盘升起 

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(keyboardWillShow:) name:UIKeyboardWillShowNotification object:nil];

//键盘降下

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(keyboardWillHide:) name:UIKeyboardWillHideNotification object:nil];

看一个程序,里面viewDidLoad中有

    NSNotificationCenter  *center = [NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter];

    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self name:@"saveMessage" object:nil];

    [center addObserver:self selector:@selector(saveMessage) name:@"saveMessage" object:nil];

不明白为什么先去掉注册者,然后又添加?不是同一个observer吗?

消息傳送机构:举例说明

在有需要的类中,发送消息

//发送消息出去,这里的对象是一个数组:saveImageArray

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:@"postData" object:saveImageArray];

所有亲朋好友给我给包(发送消息),,,

    

//注册一个observer来响应消息的传送

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self

                                             selector:@selector(PostImage:)//接收消息方法

                                                 name:@"postData"//消息识别名称

                                               object:nil];

                                               

举个例子,过年了,准备一个大的钱包(注册一个OBserver),嘿嘿,,,,                                               

            

                

                                   

                        

//实现方法            

-(void)PostImage:(NSArray *)array

{

    //接收传送过来的消息

}        

我把红包都收起来,(接收消息)            

                

                

                    

                                               

//移除observer                                           

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self name:@"postData" object:nil];

红包都收完了,哈哈,亲朋好友回家咯。。

简单说明,哈哈,不需要理解太复杂。。。。

例说明:KVC用来传送消息,是很不错的。

//kvo注册以parserDatas为例说明:parserDatas是一个解析XML的类

[parserDatas addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"isFinished"    options:(NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew | NSKeyValueObservingOptionOld) context:parserDatas];

//接收变更通知

- (void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath

                      ofObject:(id)object

                        change:(NSDictionary *)change

                       context:(void *)context{

    

    if ([keyPath isEqual:@"isFinished"]) {

        BOOL isFinished=[[change objectForKey:NSKeyValueChangeNewKey] intValue];

        if (isFinished) {//如果服务器数据接收完毕

            

            NSMutableArray *array = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

            [array addObjectsFromArray:parserDatas.parsedDataArray];

            //保存数据

            [[UIApplication sharedApplication] setNetworkActivityIndicatorVisible:NO];

            NSString *path = [DOCUMENT_PATH stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"AllXmlDataArray.bin"];

            [NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:array toFile:path];

            [array release];

            //取消kvo注册

            [object removeObserver:self

                     forKeyPath:@"isFinished"];

        }      

    }else{

        // be sure to call the super implementation

        // if the superclass implements it

        [super observeValueForKeyPath:keyPath

                             ofObject:object

                               change:change

                              context:context];

    }

}

在parserDatas类中定义:

+ (BOOL):(NSString*)key

{

    //当这两个值改变时,使用自动通知已注册过的观察者,观察者需要实现observeValueForKeyPath:ofObject:change:context:方法

    if ([key isEqualToString:@"isFinished"])

    {

        return YES;

    }

    return [super automaticallyNotifiesObserversForKey:key];

}

发送变更通知:

在需要跟踪消息记录的函数中加入:

[self setValue:[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES] forKey:@"isFinished"];

   

 [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self name:@"saveMessage" object:nil];

不用的时候,才注销掉的。。

一般放在dealloc....里面。

在用之前把notification注册掉,是为了防止多次注册,这一般是因为这个view在程序运行时要load很多次,比如Three20的非顶层的View每次显示的时候都重新load,这样如果不在用之前把notification注册掉,就会重复注册消息,比如每次接收到消息就打印一句话,当你打开了n次这个view的时候,这句话就会打印n次...

- (void)awakeFromNib{

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self

selector:@selector(switchViews:)

name:@"switchViews"

  object:nil];

}

 

- (void)switchViews:(NSNotification*)notification{

NSNumber *viewNumber = [notification object];

NSInteger i = [viewNumber integerValue];

[self setSelectedSegmentIndex:i];

UIView *chosenView = nil;

switch (i) {

case 0:

chosenView = view1;

break;

case 1:

chosenView = view2;

break;

case 2:

chosenView = view3;

break;

default:

break;

}

if (chosenView) {

[[viewController view] bringSubviewToFront:chosenView];

}

}

 

- (void)dealloc{

[super dealloc];

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self];

}

 

@end
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