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C#中的套接字编程(二) --转

2012-06-04 09:09 218 查看
客户端程序的代码编写:

    布置界面。往界面上添加一个ListBox控件(用于显示用户列表),一个RichTextBox控件(用于显示聊天消息以及系统消息),一个 TextBox控件(用于发送消息),一个CheckBox控件(确定是否为悄悄话),一个StatusBar控件(name=StatusBar1)以 及四个Button控件(分别为“连接”、“断开连接”、“开始记录”、“发送”)。

    当客户端试图和服务器端进行连接时,一个连接必须建立而且得向服务器端进行注册。 ConnectionServer()函数运用一个TcpClient来和服务器端取得连接,同时创建一个NetworkStream来发送消息。还有, 端口号和服务器端的是保持一致的。

先声明如下变量:

private System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient clientSocket;

private System.Net.Sockets.NetworkStream ns;

private System.IO.StreamReader sr;

ConnectionServer()函数如下:

private void ConnectionServer()

{

    StatusBar1.Text = "正在连接到服务器……";

    try

    {

        clientSocket = new System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient(serverAddress,serverPort);

        ns = clientSocket.GetStream();

        sr = new System.IO.StreamReader(ns);

        connected = true;

    }

    catch (Exception)

    {

        MessageBox.Show("不能连接到服务器!","错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation);

        StatusBar1.Text = "已断开连接";

    }

}

    在和服务器端连接成功后,程序就用RegisterWithServer()函数向服务器端发送一个CONN命令。该命令先是发送该用户的名称,然后从服务器端获得其他所有用户的列表,所有用户列表是在ListBox控件中显示的。

RegisterWithServer()函数如下:

private void RegisterWithServer()

{

    try

    {

        string command = "CONN|" + ChatOut.Text;

        Byte[] outBytes = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(command.ToCharArray());

        ns.Write(outBytes,0,outBytes.Length);

        string serverResponse = sr.ReadLine();

        serverResponse.Trim();

        string[] tokens = serverResponse.Split(new Char[]{'|'});

        if(tokens[0] == "LIST")

        {

            StatusBar1.Text = "已连接";

            btnCloseConnection.Enabled = true;

        }

        for(int n=1; n<tokens.Length;n++)

            lbChatters.Items.Add(tokens
.Trim(new char[]{'\r','\n'}));

        this.Text = clientName + ":已连接到服务器";

    }

    catch (Exception)

    {

        MessageBox.Show("注册时发生错误!","错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation);

    }

}

    在此之后,当然就是用户之间的聊天了,由ReceiveChat()函数来完成。该函数是一个独立的线程,它处理所有用户获得的消息和用户发送的消息。它主要处理了CHAT、PRIV、JOIN、GONE、QUIT等命令,处理的方法和服务器端的类似。

ReceiveChat()函数实现如下:

private void ReceiveChat()

{

    bool keepAlive = true;

    while (keepAlive)

    {

        try

        {

            Byte[] buffer = new Byte[2048];

            ns.Read(buffer,0,buffer.Length);

            string chatter = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(buffer);

            string[] tokens = chatter.Split(new Char[]{'|'});

            if (tokens[0] == "CHAT")

            {

                rtbChatIn.AppendText(tokens[1]);

                if(logging)

                    logwriter.WriteLine(tokens[1]);

            }

            if (tokens[0] == "PRIV")

            {

                rtbChatIn.AppendText("Private from ");

                rtbChatIn.AppendText(tokens[1].Trim() );

                rtbChatIn.AppendText(tokens[2] + "\r\n");

                if(logging)

                {

                    logwriter.Write("Private from ");

                    logwriter.Write(tokens[1].Trim() );

                    logwriter.WriteLine(tokens[2] + "\r\n");

                }

            }

            if (tokens[0] == "JOIN")

            {

                rtbChatIn.AppendText(tokens[1].Trim() );

                rtbChatIn.AppendText(" has joined the Chat\r\n");

                if(logging)

                {

                    logwriter.WriteLine(tokens[1]+" has joined the Chat");

                }

                string newguy = tokens[1].Trim(new char[]{'\r','\n'});

                lbChatters.Items.Add(newguy);

            }

            if (tokens[0] == "GONE")

            {

                rtbChatIn.AppendText(tokens[1].Trim() );

                rtbChatIn.AppendText(" has left the Chat\r\n");

                if(logging)

                {

                    logwriter.WriteLine(tokens[1]+" has left the Chat");

                }

                lbChatters.Items.Remove(tokens[1].Trim(new char[]{'\r','\n'}));

            }

            if (tokens[0] == "QUIT")

            {

                ns.Close();

                clientSocket.Close();

                keepAlive = false;

                StatusBar1.Text = "服务器端已停止";

                connected= false;

                btnSend.Enabled = false;

                btnCloseConnection.Enabled = false;

            }

        }

        catch(Exception){}

    }

}

    通过以上的一些函数,客户端程序之间就可以进行自由地聊天了,各个用户之间还可以互相发送悄悄话。所以程序已经实现了聊天室的基本功能了,不过最后各个用户还要正常地退出,那就要用到QuitChat()函数了。

QuitChat()函数的具体实现如下:

private void QuitChat()

{

    if(connected)

    {

        try

        {

            string command = "GONE|" + clientName;

            Byte[] outBytes = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(command.ToCharArray());

            ns.Write(outbytes,0,outbytes.Length);

            clientSocket.Close();

        }

        catch(Exception)

        {

        }

    }

    if(logging)

        logwriter.Close();

    if(receive != null && receive.IsAlive)

        receive.Abort();

    this.Text = "客户端";

}

到此为止,客户端程序的主要部分都已经介绍完毕。
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