在.NET外散步之我爱贪吃蛇Python -常见数据结构（新浪和百度云平台即将推出Python免费空间）

新浪的http://cloudbbs.org/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2762&extra=page%3D1

百度的http://tieba.baidu.com/p/1605220585

Python常见的数据类型有以下这么几种

Sequence Types — str, unicode, list, tuple, bytearray, buffer, xrange) !!!!

刚开始接触时，总是在类比这个数据结构是c#里面的什么呢或者向c#里面的什么呢，左边折腾一下右边折腾一下，发现Python的数据结构和c#里面的数据结构没有什么相似的地方，

想借鉴一下c#的概念理解一下也不行，Python里面竟然连数组这个概念都没有，是在令人非常费解，开始还以为没有找到数组，后来发现结构体也没有，偷鸡不成。。。。

序列

Python里面最基础的数据结构为序列，序列主要有两个常用操作就是索引操作和切边操作，非常灵活，列表、元组、字符串都是序列

索引操作和切边操作都按照下面这个编号进行

+---+---+---+---+---+
| H | e | l | p | A |
+---+---+---+---+---+
0   1   2   3   4   5
-5  -4  -3  -2  -1

# -*- coding: utf8 -*-


[code] 

if __name__ == '__main__':

shoplist3=["a","b","c","d","e",1,2,3,4,5,6,7]

#序列相关

print(shoplist3)

print(len( shoplist3))

#按照索引操作

print(shoplist3[3])

shoplist3[3]="dddddddddddddddddddddddd"

print(shoplist3[3])

#按照切片操作

print(shoplist3[:])

print(shoplist3[1:3])

print(shoplist3[:-1])

print(shoplist3[-3:-1])

print(shoplist3[2:-1])

print(shoplist3[3][0])

#字符串作为序列操作

print("=====================")

helpa="helpa"

print(helpa[1:3])

print(helpa[-4:-2])

print("=====================")

#序列作为栈

shoplist3.append("xxxxxxxxxx")

print(shoplist3)

shoplist3.pop()

print(shoplist3)

print("=====================")

#序列作为队列

from collections import deque

queue = deque(["Eric", "John", "Michael"])

#deque 表示费解改个名字就不对了

queue.append("Terry")

queue.append("Graham")

print(queue)

queue.popleft()

print(queue)

[/code]

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序列本身可以作为栈来操作，还可以转化为队列进行操作

元组

      开始觉得Python没有常量这个概念太离谱了，遇到元组，发现元组就是天生的常量类型，元组是也属于序列，支持索引和切片

zoo=("aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa","b","c","d",1,2,3,4)


[code]print(zoo)

print(len(zoo))

print(zoo[4])

#zoo[4]=100000   

#果然是不可以改变值 也不可以改变大小，

#可用来模拟 常量 

print(zoo[0])

print(zoo[0][4])

[/code]

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.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

Sets

   Sets 也是Python的一种数据类型而且支持一些运算

 a = set('abracadabra')


[code]print(a)

print("a" in a)

b = set('alacazam')

print(a - b )

# letters in a but not in b

print(a | b )

# letters in either a or b

print(a & b )

# letters in both a and b

print(a  ^ b )

# letters in a or b but not both

[/code]

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.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

 

 

字典

Python中和c# 中最相似的就是字典这个概念操作也差不多

#字典


[code]hashtable={

   "a":"aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa",

   "b":"bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb",

   "c":"ccccccccccccccccccccc",

   "d":"dddddddddddddddddddddd",

   1:2,

   "e":"eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee"

   }

print(hashtable)

hashtable["f"]="fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"

print(hashtable)

#不支持通过坐标访问 只支持通过key来访问

#print(hashtable[0])

print(hashtable["a"])  

for key, value in hashtable.items():

print(key)

print(value)

#help(hashtable)

[/code]

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.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

另外还有一个声称序列的方法range 可以生成指定范围内的序列

 print("===========================")


[code]print(range(10))#范围0~9

print(range(3,13))#范围3~12 range([start], stop[, step])

print(range(0,30,5))#步长5

print(range(0,10,3))#步长5

print("===========================") 

#print(xrange(0,10)) Y的怎么没反应呢？？？？？

print(u"汉字汉字汉字汉字汉字汉字汉字汉字汉字汉字汉字汉字")

[/code]