MS Office 自动化编程（二）---Word文档的读写

示例一：保存至Word

经过一些了解之后，就不需要每次都将所有的接口导入工程了。可以根据需要导入，此次导入的接口为：

Application、_Document、Documents、Range。新建基于对话框的MFC工程，引入头文件，关键代码如下：

void CWordOperationDlg::OnClickedButton1()
{
// TODO: Add your control notification handler code here
CApplication oApp;
CDocuments	oDocs;
CDocument0	oDoc;

if (!oApp.CreateDispatch(_T("Word.Application"), NULL))
{
AfxMessageBox(_T("启动Word程序失败！"));
exit(1);
}

//查看自动化过程
oApp.put_Visible(true);
oDocs = oApp.get_Documents();
COleVariant varOPt(DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR);
COleVariant varStartLine, varEndLine;
varStartLine.intVal = 2;
varEndLine.intVal = 50;
//添加一个新文档
oDoc = oDocs.Add(varOPt, varOPt, varOPt, varOPt);

//获取文档区域
CRange range =  oDoc.Range(varStartLine, varEndLine);
UpdateData(TRUE);
range.put_Text(m_edit);
//保存docx文档
try
{
oDoc.SaveAs(COleVariant(_T("G:\\softwaredevelopment\\MFC_VC_Windows\\project\\TEMP.DOCX")),
varOPt, varOPt, varOPt,
varOPt, varOPt, varOPt,
varOPt, varOPt, varOPt,
varOPt, varOPt, varOPt,
varOPt, varOPt, varOPt);
}
catch (COleException* e)
{
LPVOID lpMsg;
::FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER |
FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS, NULL, e->m_sc,
MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT), (LPTSTR)&lpMsg, 0, NULL);
::MessageBox(NULL, (LPCTSTR)lpMsg, _T("COM Error"), MB_OK|MB_SETFOREGROUND);
::LocalFree(lpMsg);
}
catch(COleDispatchException *e)
{
TCHAR msg[512];
wsprintf(msg, _T("程序运行出错'%d',系统提示信息为:\n\n%s"), e->m_scError & 0x0000FFFF,
e->m_strDescription);
::MessageBox(NULL, msg, _T("无法保存文件"), MB_OK|MB_SETFOREGROUND);
}

oDoc.Close(varOPt, varOPt, varOPt);
oApp.Quit(varOPt, varOPt, varOPt);
}

 

运行结果：



 

示例二：Word表格操作

Word表格由表和单元格组成，对应Table和Cell对象，在以上工程中引入相应接口Table,Tables,Cell,Paragraph,Paragraphs，对表格的添加过程是先建表，再设置单元格。

在以上工程的基础上添加的关键代码：

//得到段落
oParas = oDoc.get_Paragraphs();
oPara = oParas.get_First();
//得到段落区域
oRange = oPara.get_Range();
//设置第一段内容
oRange.put_Text(_T("标题"));
oPara.put_Alignment(1);

COleVariant table_start(short(2));
oRange = oDoc.Range(table_start, varOPt);
//添加表格
oTables = oDoc.get_Tables();
oTable = oTables.Add(oRange, 3, 3, varOPt, varOPt);
//设置表格内容
for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++)
{
for (int j = 1; j <= 3; j++)
{
oCell = oTable.Cell(i, j);
oRange = oCell.get_Range();
CString txt;
txt.Format(_T("第%d行第%d列"),i,j);
oRange.put_Bold(1);
oRange.put_Text(txt);
}
}

操作Word结果：



 

示例二：Word报表解决方法

由以上示例可以看出对Word的操作是相当繁琐的，针对于此，利用Word的模板，只需填入关键文字，就能得到一份精美的Word文档。

同理，首先将报表的格式固定做成模板，程序向单元格填入数据。而利用“书签”就能快速定位正确的输出位置。在类型库中，对应的接口为Bookmarks、Bookmark。

1、先准备好Wrod模板

2、新建MFC基于对话框工程WordReport

3、根据需要引入类型库中的接口

关键部分代码：

void CWordReportDlg::OnBnClickedButton1()
{
// TODO: Add your control notification handler code here
CTable0		table;
CTables0	tables;
if (!m_oApp.CreateDispatch(_T("Word.Application"), NULL))
{
AfxMessageBox(_T("Create Word service failed!"));
exit(1);
}

m_oApp.put_Visible(true);
m_oDocs = m_oApp.get_Documents();
COleVariant vopt(DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR);
COleVariant start_line, end_line;
COleVariant dot(_T("G:\\softwaredevelopment\\MFC_VC_Windows\\project\\template.dot"));
//使用模板建立文档
m_oDoc = m_oDocs.Add(&dot, &vopt, &vopt, &vopt);
//获取文档书签
m_oBookmarks = m_oDoc.get_Bookmarks();
//依次设置标签
COleVariant tem1(_T("rol1"));
m_oBookmark = m_oBookmarks.Item(&tem1);
m_oRange = m_oBookmark.get_Range();
//设置标题
m_oRange.put_Text(_T("标题1"));

COleVariant tem2(_T("rol2"));
m_oBookmark = m_oBookmarks.Item(&tem2);
m_oRange = m_oBookmark.get_Range();
//设置标题
m_oRange.put_Text(_T("标题2"));

COleVariant tem3(_T("rol3"));
m_oBookmark = m_oBookmarks.Item(&tem3);
m_oRange = m_oBookmark.get_Range();
//设置标题
m_oRange.put_Text(_T("标题3"));

//设置报表时间
COleVariant tem4(_T("time"));
m_oBookmark = m_oBookmarks.Item(&tem4);
m_oRange = m_oBookmark.get_Range();
//设置标题
m_oRange.put_Text(_T("2012年5月20日"));

//设置单元格内容
tables = m_oDoc.get_Tables();
table = tables.Item(1);
CCell cell;
for (int i = 2; i <= 9; i++)
{
for (int j = 1; j <= 3; j++)
{
cell = table.Cell(i,j);
m_oRange = cell.get_Range();
m_oRange.put_Text(_T("template"));
}
}
}

void CWordReportDlg::OnBnClickedButton2()
{
// TODO: Add your control notification handler code here
if (m_oDocs.m_lpDispatch == NULL)
{
AfxMessageBox(_T("can't preview!"));
return;
}
else
{
if (!m_oApp.get_PrintPreview())
{
m_oApp.put_PrintPreview(TRUE);
}
else
{
m_oApp.put_PrintPreview(FALSE);
}
}
}

void CWordReportDlg::OnBnClickedButton3()
{
// TODO: Add your control notification handler code here
if (m_oDocs.m_lpDispatch == NULL)
{
AfxMessageBox(_T("Nothing! can't save!"));
return;
}
else
{
OPENFILENAME ofn;
TCHAR lpStrFileName[MAX_PATH] = _T("");
ZeroMemory(&ofn, sizeof(ofn));

ofn.lStructSize = sizeof(OPENFILENAME);
ofn.hwndOwner = this->m_hWnd;
ofn.lpstrFilter = _T("Word(.docx)\0*.docx\0");
ofn.nMaxFile = MAX_PATH;
ofn.lpstrFile = lpStrFileName;
ofn.hInstance = AfxGetInstanceHandle();
ofn.Flags = OPEN_EXISTING;

COleVariant varOPt(DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR);
if (GetSaveFileName(&ofn) == IDOK)
{
CString sFile = ofn.lpstrFile;
try
{
m_oDoc.SaveAs(COleVariant(sFile),
varOPt, varOPt, varOPt,
varOPt, varOPt, varOPt,
varOPt, varOPt, varOPt,
varOPt, varOPt, varOPt,
varOPt, varOPt, varOPt);
}
catch (COleException* e)
{
LPVOID lpMsg;
::FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER |
FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS, NULL, e->m_sc,
MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT), (LPTSTR)&lpMsg, 0, NULL);
::MessageBox(NULL, (LPCTSTR)lpMsg, _T("COM Error"), MB_OK|MB_SETFOREGROUND);
::LocalFree(lpMsg);
}
catch(COleDispatchException *e)
{
TCHAR msg[512];
wsprintf(msg, _T("程序运行出错'%d',系统提示信息为:\n\n%s"), e->m_scError & 0x0000FFFF,
e->m_strDescription);
::MessageBox(NULL, msg, _T("无法保存文件"), MB_OK|MB_SETFOREGROUND);
}

COleVariant vopt(DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR);
m_oApp.Quit(COleVariant((short)true), vopt, vopt);
}
}
}

程序运行结果：