数据库性能问题分析

8645 - A time out occurred while waiting for memory resources to execute the query. Rerun the query.

原因:

这个错误指出在服务器上有很多内存敏感的查询被同时执行。使用排序（ORDER BY）和连接的查询可以在执行过程中会占用大量的内存。如果有高度并行或如果查询操作一个非联合索引的分区表时，查询内存需求会有很大的增加。无法或取所需内存资源的查询在预先确定的超时时间时（默认，超时是25倍的评估查询时间或sp_configure 设置的’query wait’）将收到这个错误。通常，收到这个错误的查询占用内存的那个查询。

排错：

1.根据一般步骤评估内存的情况。<br>2.识别有问题的查询：确认有大量的在分区表上的查询，检查是否他们使用非联合索引，检查是否有大量包括连接和排序的查询。<br>3.检查sp_configure参数中degree of parallelism 和min memory per query 。尝试降低并行度并验证是否min memory per query没有设置很高的值。如果设置了很高的值，即使少量的查询也会占用指定查询的数量。<br>4.为了找到查询是否等待RESOURCE_SEMAPHORE，请查看本白皮书中阻塞的部分。

来自：http://developer.51cto.com/art/200702/41186_11.htm

2012-02-02 13:04:32.34 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

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2012-02-02 13:06:54.04 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:06:54.54 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:06:55.02 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:06:55.44 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:06:55.87 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:06:56.32 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:06:56.74 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:06:57.19 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:06:57.64 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:06:58.43 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:06:59.08 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:06:59.47 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:06:59.91 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:00.37 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:00.82 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:01.28 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:01.76 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:02.28 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:02.70 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:03.08 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:03.57 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:04.06 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:04.52 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:04.88 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:05.42 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:05.91 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:06.33 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:06.79 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:07.28 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:07.95 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:08.54 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:09.02 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:09.44 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:09.92 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:10.30 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:10.73 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:11.18 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:11.85 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:12.27 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:12.66 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:13.10 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:13.59 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:14.09 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:14.48 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:14.86 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:15.24 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:15.99 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:16.64 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:17.09 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:17.52 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:17.95 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:18.36 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:18.84 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:19.24 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:19.61 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:20.03 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:20.40 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:21.03 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:21.67 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:22.46 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:23.26 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:23.63 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:24.09 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:24.50 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:25.06 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:25.50 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:25.96 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:26.43 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:26.88 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:27.38 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:27.79 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:28.22 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:28.93 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:29.45 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:29.89 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:30.57 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:31.06 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:31.70 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:32.19 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:32.61 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:33.05 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:33.49 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:34.10 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:34.67 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:35.18 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:35.57 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:35.99 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:36.50 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:36.99 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:37.42 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:37.87 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:38.32 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:38.78 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:39.23 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:39.67 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:40.04 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:40.45 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:40.86 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:41.32 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:41.88 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:42.39 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:42.86 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:43.56 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:44.00 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:44.43 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:44.92 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:45.35 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:45.79 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:46.16 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:46.60 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:47.05 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:47.43 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:48.27 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:48.97 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:49.51 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:49.91 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:50.58 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:51.07 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:51.49 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:52.17 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:52.86 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:53.31 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:53.75 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:54.17 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:54.86 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:55.52 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:55.97 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:56.40 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:56.93 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:57.31 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:57.79 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:58.26 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:58.73 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:59.13 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:07:59.61 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:00.09 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:00.54 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:00.99 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:01.42 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:01.85 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:02.35 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:02.87 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:03.36 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:03.78 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:04.19 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:04.57 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:05.18 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:05.66 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:06.06 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:06.59 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:07.07 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:07.85 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:08.30 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:08.72 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:09.23 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:09.75 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:10.31 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:11.00 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:11.48 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:12.50 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:13.29 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:13.83 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:14.28 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:14.82 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:15.56 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:16.02 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:16.45 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:16.85 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:17.24 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:17.66 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:18.06 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:18.57 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:19.07 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:19.47 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:19.84 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:20.32 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:20.80 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:21.43 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:22.07 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:22.76 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:23.23 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:23.68 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:24.11 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:24.56 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:25.00 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:25.48 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:25.92 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:26.32 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:27.01 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:27.42 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:27.83 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:28.57 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:29.20 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:29.64 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:30.28 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:30.69 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:31.12 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:31.57 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:32.08 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:32.51 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:32.96 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:33.42 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:33.81 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:34.21 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:34.68 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:35.05 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:35.68 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:36.14 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:36.54 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:37.05 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:37.49 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:37.85 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:38.24 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:38.69 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:39.12 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:39.61 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:40.02 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:40.60 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:41.09 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:41.47 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:41.98 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:42.38 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:42.83 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:43.23 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:44.01 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:44.78 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:45.21 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:45.72 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:46.12 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:46.55 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:46.95 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:47.65 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:48.15 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:48.86 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:49.54 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:49.94 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:50.42 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:51.13 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:51.51 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:51.90 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:52.56 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:52.97 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:53.38 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:53.83 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:54.22 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:54.67 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:55.14 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:55.76 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:56.25 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:56.75 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:57.17 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:57.60 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:58.06 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:58.50 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:58.94 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:59.32 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:08:59.82 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:09:00.24 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:09:00.67 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:09:01.00 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:09:01.31 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:09:01.57 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:09:02.01 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:09:02.46 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:09:02.87 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

2012-02-02 13:09:04.01 spid51 Starting up database 'elog'.

在这个论坛中也有相似问题http://www.sqlservercentral.com/forums/Topic351864-5-1.aspx

By default SQL Express databases are created as AUTO_CLOSE ON. As such, they are closed as soon as the last session releases access to it. They will auto-open on next access. AUTO_CLOSE databases run an optimized recovery when opened so their openning
is not as bad as a fully fledged database open. But none-the-less, you can turn AUTO_CLOSE OFF if you wish:

执行以下语句：

ALTER DATABASE DBName SET AUTO_CLOSE OFF