(SqlServer)批量清理指定数据库中所有数据

在实际应用中，当我们准备把一个项目移交至客户手中使用时，我们需要把库中所有表先前的测试数据清空，以给客户一个干净的数据库，如果涉及的表很多，要一一的清空，不仅花费时间，还容易出错以及漏删，在这儿我提供了一个方法，可快捷有效的清空指定数据库所有表的数据。仅供参考，欢迎交流不同意见。

--Remove all data from a database

SET NOCOUNT ON
--Tables to ignore
DECLARE @IgnoreTables

        TABLE (TableName
varchar(512))
INSERT INTO
@IgnoreTables (TableName) VALUES ('sysdiagrams')
DECLARE @AllRelationships

        TABLE (ForeignKey
varchar(512)

              ,TableName varchar(512)

              ,ColumnName varchar(512)

              ,ReferenceTableName varchar(512)

              ,ReferenceColumnName varchar(512)

              ,DeleteRule varchar(512))
INSERT INTO
@AllRelationships
SELECT f.name AS ForeignKey,
OBJECT_NAME(f.parent_object_id)
AS TableName,
COL_NAME(fc.parent_object_id,

fc.parent_column_id) AS ColumnName,
OBJECT_NAME (f.referenced_object_id)
AS ReferenceTableName,
COL_NAME(fc.referenced_object_id,

fc.referenced_column_id) AS ReferenceColumnName,

delete_referential_action_desc as DeleteRule
FROM sys.foreign_keys
AS f
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns
AS fc
ON f.OBJECT_ID
= fc.constraint_object_id

DECLARE @TableOwner
varchar(512)
DECLARE @TableName
varchar(512)
DECLARE @ForeignKey
varchar(512)
DECLARE @ColumnName
varchar(512)
DECLARE @ReferenceTableName
varchar(512)
DECLARE @ReferenceColumnName
varchar(512)
DECLARE @DeleteRule
varchar(512)

PRINT('Loop through all tables and switch all constraints to have a delete rule of CASCADE')
DECLARE DataBaseTables0
CURSOR FOR
SELECT SCHEMA_NAME(t.schema_id)
AS schema_name, t.name AS table_name
FROM sys.tables AS t;

OPEN DataBaseTables0;

FETCH NEXT
FROM DataBaseTables0
INTO @TableOwner,@TableName;

WHILE
@@FETCH_STATUS =
0
BEGIN

    IF (NOT
EXISTS(SELECT TOP
1
1 FROM @IgnoreTables
WHERE TableName =
@TableName))

    BEGIN

        PRINT '['+@TableOwner+'].['
+ @TableName
+ ']';

        DECLARE DataBaseTableRelationships
CURSOR FOR

        SELECT ForeignKey, ColumnName, ReferenceTableName, ReferenceColumnName

        FROM @AllRelationships

        WHERE TableName
= @TableName

        OPEN DataBaseTableRelationships;

        FETCH NEXT
FROM DataBaseTableRelationships
INTO @ForeignKey,
@ColumnName, @ReferenceTableName,
@ReferenceColumnName;

        IF
@@FETCH_STATUS <>
0

            PRINT '=====> No Relationships' ;

        WHILE
@@FETCH_STATUS =
0

        BEGIN

            PRINT '=====> switching delete rule on
' +
@ForeignKey +
' to CASCADE';

            BEGIN TRANSACTION

            BEGIN TRY

                EXEC('

                ALTER TABLE ['+@TableOwner+'].['
+ @TableName
+ ']

                 DROP CONSTRAINT '+@ForeignKey+';

                ALTER TABLE ['+@TableOwner+'].['
+ @TableName
+ '] ADD CONSTRAINT

                '+@ForeignKey+' FOREIGN KEY

                (

                '+@ColumnName+'

                ) REFERENCES '+@ReferenceTableName+'

                (

                '+@ReferenceColumnName+'

                ) ON DELETE CASCADE;

                ');

                COMMIT
TRANSACTION

            END TRY

            BEGIN CATCH

                PRINT
'=====> can''t switch
' +
@ForeignKey +
' to CASCADE, - '
+

                CAST(ERROR_NUMBER()
AS VARCHAR) +
' - '
+ ERROR_MESSAGE();

                ROLLBACK
TRANSACTION

            END CATCH;

           

            FETCH NEXT
FROM DataBaseTableRelationships
INTO @ForeignKey,
@ColumnName, @ReferenceTableName,
@ReferenceColumnName;

        END;

        CLOSE DataBaseTableRelationships;

        DEALLOCATE DataBaseTableRelationships;

        END

        PRINT '';

        PRINT '';

        FETCH NEXT
FROM DataBaseTables0

        INTO @TableOwner,@TableName;

    END
CLOSE DataBaseTables0;
DEALLOCATE DataBaseTables0;

PRINT('Loop though each table and DELETE All data from the table')

DECLARE DataBaseTables1
CURSOR FOR
SELECT SCHEMA_NAME(t.schema_id)
AS schema_name, t.name AS table_name
FROM sys.tables AS t;

OPEN DataBaseTables1;

FETCH NEXT
FROM DataBaseTables1
INTO @TableOwner,@TableName;

WHILE
@@FETCH_STATUS =
0
BEGIN

    IF (NOT
EXISTS(SELECT TOP
1
1 FROM @IgnoreTables
WHERE TableName =
@TableName))

    BEGIN

        PRINT '['+@TableOwner+'].['
+ @TableName
+ ']';

        PRINT '=====> deleting data from ['+@TableOwner+'].['
+ @TableName
+ ']';

        BEGIN TRY

            EXEC('

                 DELETE FROM ['+@TableOwner+'].['
+ @TableName
+ ']

                 DBCC CHECKIDENT (['
+ @TableName
+ '], RESEED, 0)

                 ');

        END TRY

        BEGIN CATCH

            PRINT '=====> can''t FROM ['+@TableOwner+'].['
+ @TableName
+ '], -
' +

                  CAST(ERROR_NUMBER()
AS VARCHAR) +
' - '
+ ERROR_MESSAGE();

        END CATCH;

    END

    

    PRINT '';

    PRINT '';

    

    FETCH NEXT
FROM DataBaseTables1

    INTO @TableOwner,@TableName;
END
CLOSE DataBaseTables1;
DEALLOCATE DataBaseTables1;

PRINT('Loop through all tables and switch all constraints to have a delete rule they had at the beggining of the task')

DECLARE DataBaseTables2
CURSOR FOR
SELECT SCHEMA_NAME(t.schema_id)
AS schema_name, t.name AS table_name
FROM sys.tables AS t;
OPEN DataBaseTables2;

FETCH NEXT
FROM DataBaseTables2
INTO @TableOwner,@TableName;

WHILE
@@FETCH_STATUS =
0
BEGIN

    IF (NOT
EXISTS(SELECT TOP
1
1 FROM @IgnoreTables
WHERE TableName =
@TableName))

    BEGIN

    PRINT '['+@TableOwner+'].['
+ @TableName
+ ']';

    DECLARE DataBaseTableRelationships
CURSOR FOR

    SELECT ForeignKey, ColumnName, ReferenceTableName, ReferenceColumnName, DeleteRule

    FROM @AllRelationships

    WHERE TableName
= @TableName

    OPEN DataBaseTableRelationships;

    FETCH NEXT
FROM DataBaseTableRelationships INTO
@ForeignKey, @ColumnName,
@ReferenceTableName, @ReferenceColumnName,
@DeleteRule;

    IF
@@FETCH_STATUS <>
0

    PRINT '=====> No Relationships' ;

    WHILE
@@FETCH_STATUS =
0

    BEGIN

        DECLARE @switchBackTo
varchar(50)
=

        CASE

            WHEN @DeleteRule
= 'NO_ACTION'
THEN 'NO ACTION'

            WHEN @DeleteRule
= 'CASCADE'
THEN 'CASCADE'

            WHEN @DeleteRule
= 'SET_NULL'
THEN 'SET NULL'

            WHEN @DeleteRule
= 'SET_DEFAULT'
THEN 'SET DEFAULT'

        END

        PRINT '=====> switching delete rule on
' +
@ForeignKey +
' to '
+ @switchBackTo;

        BEGIN TRANSACTION

        BEGIN TRY

            EXEC('

            ALTER TABLE ['+@TableOwner+'].['
+ @TableName
+ ']

            DROP CONSTRAINT '+@ForeignKey+';

            ALTER TABLE ['+@TableOwner+'].['
+ @TableName
+ '] ADD CONSTRAINT

            '+@ForeignKey+' FOREIGN KEY

            (

            '+@ColumnName+'

            ) REFERENCES '+@ReferenceTableName+'

            (

            '+@ReferenceColumnName+'

            ) ON DELETE '+@switchBackTo+'

            ');

           

            COMMIT TRANSACTION

        END TRY

        BEGIN CATCH

            PRINT '=====> can''t change
'+@ForeignKey
+ ' back to
'+
@switchBackTo +', -
' +

            CAST(ERROR_NUMBER()
AS VARCHAR) +
' - '
+ ERROR_MESSAGE();

            ROLLBACK TRANSACTION

        END CATCH;

        FETCH NEXT
FROM DataBaseTableRelationships

        INTO @ForeignKey,
@ColumnName, @ReferenceTableName,
@ReferenceColumnName,
@DeleteRule;

    END;

    CLOSE DataBaseTableRelationships;

    DEALLOCATE DataBaseTableRelationships;

    END

    PRINT '';

    PRINT '';

    FETCH NEXT
FROM DataBaseTables2

    INTO @TableOwner,@TableName;
END
CLOSE DataBaseTables2;
DEALLOCATE DataBaseTables2;