Java序列化性能比较

一、概述

在很多论坛上都会谈论Java序列化，到底哪个很好呢？各有各的观点。这几天晚上正好在研究淘宝的dubbo的源代码，看到它写的一个测试用例,工程下载见：

http://code.alibabatech.com/svn/dubbo/trunk/dubbo-common

二、测试分析

对同一个对象进行序列化:对象为long[] data = new long[] { -1l, 2l, 3l, 4l, 5l };

java:aced0005757200025b4a782004b512b17593020000787000000005ffffffffffffffff0000000000000002000000000000000300000000000000040000000000000005:67

compacted java:aced000575720000025b4a782004b512b17593020000787000000005ffffffffffffffff0000000000000002000000000000000300000000000000040000000000000005:68

hessian:75055b6c6f6e67dfe2e3e4e5:12

Dubbo:8585181b1c1d1e:7

说明：对于小数据的序列化，Dubbo生成的字节是最小的，只有7个，而Java,Compacted Java是最大

，分别有67个和68个,序列化的结果越小，越适合rpc服务调用

对同一个对象连续进行500次Write和Parse

Dubbo:write and parse 500 times in 62ms, size 212

Hessian2: write and parse 500 times in 516ms, size 378

Java: write and parse 500 times in 203ms, size 969

compacted java: write and parse 500 times in 109ms, size 596

说明：和第一种的测试情况类似，dubbo的性能是最好的，花费的时间只共只有62ms,而大小只有212byte

对一个超大对象进行一次的的Write和parse,如果细分的话，大概有100w个元素

[reportprint]Dubbo write 1 times in 734ms, size 9600316

[reportprint]Dubbo parse 1 times in 734ms, size 9600316

[reportprint]Hessian2 write 1 times in 328ms, size 4100479

[reportprint]Hessian2 parse 1 times in 563ms, size 4100479

[reportprint]java write 1 times in 219ms, size 6800896

[reportprint]java parse 1 times in 172ms, size 6800896

[reportprint]compacted java write 1 times in 188ms, size 6800474

[reportprint] compacted java write and parse 1 times in 234ms, size 6800474

说明：对于超大的数据，jdk自带的序列化性能最好,其次compacted java,Dubbo反而最差.

三、测试代码

/*
* Copyright 1999-2011 Alibaba Group.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
*      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 *
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.alibaba.dubbo.common.serialize;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;

import org.junit.Test;

import com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.Hessian2Input;
import com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.Hessian2Output;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.common.io.Bytes;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.common.serialize.support.dubbo.Builder;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.common.serialize.support.java.CompactedObjectInputStream;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.common.serialize.support.java.CompactedObjectOutputStream;

/**
* @author qian.lei
* @author ding.lid
*/
public class SerializationCompareTest

{
public void addBand(Band band, int loop) {
for (int i = 0; i < loop; i++) {
DataElement p = new DataElement();
p.setField("adafadsfasf");
p.setTitle("afdasf");
band.addChild(p);
}
}

public ReportPrint getReportPrint() {
int loop = 1000;
ReportPrint config = new ReportPrint();
addBand(config.getHeader(), 1);
addBand(config.getPageHeader(), 1);
addBand(config.getDetail(), loop * 100);// 有100行明细
addBand(config.getFooter(), 1);
return config;
}

@Test
public void test_CompareSerializeLength() throws Exception {
long[] data = new long[] { -1l, 2l, 3l, 4l, 5l };
ByteArrayOutputStream os;

os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ObjectOutputStream jos = new ObjectOutputStream(os);
jos.writeObject(data);
System.out.println("java:" + Bytes.bytes2hex(os.toByteArray()) + ":"
+ os.size());

os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
CompactedObjectOutputStream oos = new CompactedObjectOutputStream(os);
oos.writeObject(data);
System.out.println("compacted java:"
+ Bytes.bytes2hex(os.toByteArray()) + ":" + os.size());

os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
Hessian2Output h2o = new Hessian2Output(os);
h2o.writeObject(data);
h2o.flushBuffer();
System.out.println("hessian:" + Bytes.bytes2hex(os.toByteArray()) + ":"
+ os.size());

os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
Builder<long[]> lb = Builder.register(long[].class);
lb.writeTo(data, os);
System.out.println("DataOutput:" + Bytes.bytes2hex(os.toByteArray())
+ ":" + os.size());
}

@Test
public void testBuilderPerm() throws Exception {
Builder<Bean> bb = Builder.register(Bean.class);
Bean bean = new Bean();
int len = 0;
long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++) {
ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
bb.writeTo(bean, os);
os.close();
if (i == 0)
len = os.toByteArray().length;

ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(os.toByteArray());
Bean b = bb.parseFrom(is);
assertEquals(b.getClass(), Bean.class);
}
System.out.println("Builder write and parse 500 times in "
+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - now) + "ms, size " + len);
}

@Test
public void testH2oPerm() throws Exception {
Bean bean = new Bean();
int len = 0;
long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++) {
ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
Hessian2Output out = new Hessian2Output(os);
out.writeObject(bean);
out.flushBuffer();
os.close();
if (i == 0)
len = os.toByteArray().length;
ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(os.toByteArray());
Hessian2Input in = new Hessian2Input(is);
assertEquals(in.readObject().getClass(), Bean.class);
}
System.out.println("Hessian2 write and parse 500 times in "
+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - now) + "ms, size " + len);
}

@Test
public void testJavaOutputPerm() throws Exception {
Bean bean = new Bean();
int len = 0;
long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++) {
ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(os);
out.writeObject(bean);
os.close();
if (i == 0)
len = os.toByteArray().length;
ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(os.toByteArray());
ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(is);
assertEquals(in.readObject().getClass(), Bean.class);
}
System.out.println("java write and parse 500 times in "
+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - now) + "ms, size " + len);
}

@Test
public void testCompactedJavaOutputPerm() throws Exception {
Bean bean = new Bean();
int len = 0;
long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++) {
ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
CompactedObjectOutputStream out = new CompactedObjectOutputStream(
os);
out.writeObject(bean);
os.close();
if (i == 0)
len = os.toByteArray().length;
ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(os.toByteArray());
CompactedObjectInputStream in = new CompactedObjectInputStream(is);
assertEquals(in.readObject().getClass(), Bean.class);
}
System.out.println("compacted java write and parse 500 times in "
+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - now) + "ms, size " + len);
}

@Test
public void testBuilderPerm1() throws Exception {

Builder<ReportPrint> bb = Builder.register(ReportPrint.class);
ReportPrint bean = this.getReportPrint();
int len = 0;
long now = System.currentTimeMillis();

ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
bb.writeTo(bean, os);
os.close();

len = os.toByteArray().length;
System.out.println("[reportprint]Builder write 1 times in "
+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - now) + "ms, size " + len);
now = System.currentTimeMillis();

ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(os.toByteArray());
ReportPrint b = bb.parseFrom(is);
assertEquals(b.getClass(), ReportPrint.class);

System.out.println("[reportprint]Builder  parse 1 times in "
+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - now) + "ms, size " + len);
}

@Test
public void testH2oPerm1() throws Exception {
ReportPrint bean = this.getReportPrint();

long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
Hessian2Output out = new Hessian2Output(os);
out.writeObject(bean);
out.flushBuffer();
int len = os.toByteArray().length;
os.close();
System.out.println("[reportprint]Hessian2 write 1 times in "
+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - now) + "ms, size " + len);
now = System.currentTimeMillis();
ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(os.toByteArray());
Hessian2Input in = new Hessian2Input(is);
assertEquals(in.readObject().getClass(), ReportPrint.class);

System.out.println("[reportprint]Hessian2  parse 1 times in "
+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - now) + "ms, size " + len);
}

@Test
public void testJavaOutputPerm1() throws Exception {
ReportPrint bean = this.getReportPrint();

long now = System.currentTimeMillis();

ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(os);
out.writeObject(bean);
int len = os.toByteArray().length;
os.close();
System.out.println("[reportprint]java write 1 times in "
+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - now) + "ms, size " + len);
now = System.currentTimeMillis();
ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(os.toByteArray());
ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(is);
assertEquals(in.readObject().getClass(), ReportPrint.class);
System.out.println("[reportprint]java  parse 1 times in "
+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - now) + "ms, size " + len);
}

@Test
public void testCompactedJavaOutputPerm1() throws Exception {
ReportPrint bean = this.getReportPrint();

long now = System.currentTimeMillis();

ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
CompactedObjectOutputStream out = new CompactedObjectOutputStream(os);
out.writeObject(bean);
int len = os.toByteArray().length;
os.close();
System.out.println("[reportprint]compacted write 1 times in "
+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - now) + "ms, size " + len);
now = System.currentTimeMillis();
ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(os.toByteArray());
CompactedObjectInputStream in = new CompactedObjectInputStream(is);
assertEquals(in.readObject().getClass(), ReportPrint.class);

System.out
.println("[reportprint]compacted  write and parse 1 times in "
+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - now) + "ms, size "
+ len);
}

public static enum EnumTest {
READ, WRITE, CREATE, UNREGISTER
};

static class MyList<T> extends ArrayList<T> {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

private int code = 12345;
private String id = "feedback";
}

static class MyMap<K, V> extends HashMap<K, V> {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

private int code = 12345;
private String id = "feedback";
}

public static class Bean implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 7737610585231102146L;

public EnumTest ve = EnumTest.CREATE;

public int vi = 0;
public long vl = 100l;

boolean b = true;
boolean[] bs = { false, true };

String s1 = "1234567890";
String s2 = "1234567890一二三四五六七八九零";

int i = 123123, ni = -12344, is[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, -1, -2, -3, -4 };
short s = 12, ns = -76;
double d = 12.345, nd = -12.345;
long l = 1281447759383l, nl = -13445l;
private ArrayList<Object> mylist = new ArrayList<Object>();
{
mylist.add(1);
mylist.add("qianlei");
mylist.add("qianlei");
mylist.add("qianlei");
mylist.add("qianlei");
}
private HashMap<Object, Object> mymap = new HashMap<Object, Object>();
{
mymap.put(1, 2);
mymap.put(2, "1234");
mymap.put("2345", 12938.122);
mymap.put("2345", -1);
mymap.put("2345", -1.20);
}

public ArrayList<Object> getMylist() {
return mylist;
}

public void setMylist(ArrayList<Object> list) {
mylist = list;
}

public HashMap<Object, Object> getMymap() {
return mymap;
}

public void setMymap(HashMap<Object, Object> map) {
mymap = map;
}
}
}