C、C++运算符优先级列表
2011-09-17 10:54
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C、C++运算符优先级列表
1.C语言运算符优先级
运算符按照优先级大小由上向下排列，在同一行的运算符具有相同优先级。第二行是所有的一元运算符。| 运算符 | 解释 | 结合方式 |
| () [] -> . | 括号（函数等），数组，两种结构成员访问 | 由左向右 |
| ! ~ ++ -- + - * & (类型) sizeof | 否定，按位否定，增量，减量，正负号， 间接，取地址，类型转换，求大小 | 由右向左 |
| * / % | 乘，除，取模 | 由左向右 |
| + - | 加，减 | 由左向右 |
| << >> | 左移，右移 | 由左向右 |
| < <= >= > | 小于，小于等于，大于等于，大于 | 由左向右 |
| == != | 等于，不等于 | 由左向右 |
| & | 按位与 | 由左向右 |
| ^ | 按位异或 | 由左向右 |
| | | 按位或 | 由左向右 |
| && | 逻辑与 | 由左向右 |
| || | 逻辑或 | 由左向右 |
| ? : | 条件 | 由右向左 |
| = += -= *= /= &= ^= |= <<= >>= | 各种赋值 | 由右向左 |
| , | 逗号（顺序） | 由左向右 |
| Precedence | Operator | Description | Example | Associativity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | () [] -> . :: ++ -- | Grouping operator Array access Member access from a pointer Member access from an object Scoping operator Post-increment Post-decrement | (a + b) / 4; array[4] = 2; ptr->age = 34; obj.age = 34; Class::age = 2; for( i = 0; i < 10; i++ ) ... for( i = 10; i > 0; i-- ) ... | left to right |
| 2 | ! ~ ++ -- - + * & (type) sizeof | Logical negation Bitwise complement Pre-increment Pre-decrement Unary minus Unary plus Dereference Address of Cast to a given type Return size in bytes | if( !done ) ... flags = ~flags; for( i = 0; i < 10; ++i ) ... for( i = 10; i > 0; --i ) ... int i = -1; int i = +1; data = *ptr; address = &obj; int i = (int) floatNum; int size = sizeof(floatNum); | right to left |
| 3 | ->* .* | Member pointer selector Member pointer selector | ptr->*var = 24; obj.*var = 24; | left to right |
| 4 | * / % | Multiplication Division Modulus | int i = 2 * 4; float f = 10 / 3; int rem = 4 % 3; | left to right |
| 5 | + - | Addition Subtraction | int i = 2 + 3; int i = 5 - 1; | left to right |
| 6 | << >> | Bitwise shift left Bitwise shift right | int flags = 33 << 1; int flags = 33 >> 1; | left to right |
| 7 | < <= > >= | Comparison less-than Comparison less-than-or-equal-to Comparison greater-than Comparison geater-than-or-equal-to | if( i < 42 ) ... if( i <= 42 ) ... if( i > 42 ) ... if( i >= 42 ) ... | left to right |
| 8 | == != | Comparison equal-to Comparison not-equal-to | if( i == 42 ) ... if( i != 42 ) ... | left to right |
| 9 | & | Bitwise AND | flags = flags & 42; | left to right |
| 10 | ^ | Bitwise exclusive OR | flags = flags ^ 42; | left to right |
| 11 | | | Bitwise inclusive (normal) OR | flags = flags | 42; | left to right |
| 12 | && | Logical AND | if( conditionA && conditionB ) ... | left to right |
| 13 | || | Logical OR | if( conditionA || conditionB ) ... | left to right |
| 14 | ? : | Ternary conditional (if-then-else) | int i = (a > b) ? a : b; | right to left |
| 15 | = += -= *= /= %= &= ^= |= <<= >>= | Assignment operator Increment and assign Decrement and assign Multiply and assign Divide and assign Modulo and assign Bitwise AND and assign Bitwise exclusive OR and assign Bitwise inclusive (normal) OR and assign Bitwise shift left and assign Bitwise shift right and assign | int a = b; a += 3; b -= 4; a *= 5; a /= 2; a %= 3; flags &= new_flags; flags ^= new_flags; flags |= new_flags; flags <<= 2; flags >>= 2; | right to left |
| 16 | , | Sequential uation operator | for( i = 0, j = 0; i < 10; i++, j++ ) ... | left to right |
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