工作项目总结(一)之数据库操作

1、

<span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:16px;">--SQL code 说明：列出数据库里所有的表名
select name from sysobjects where type='U'
--说明：列出表里的所有的列 列名
select name from syscolumns where id=object_id('GWSPMD_ChartParameter')</span>

2、

<span style="font-family:SimSun;">--时间函数
--sql对时间类型的操作的常用函数
--getdate() --返回当前系统日期和时间。
--DateAdd 在向指定日期加上一段时间的基础上，返回新的datetime 值
--mm 月dd 天数yy年hh小时ss分钟
--DATEADD ( datepart , number, date )
--例：向当天的时间增加天
--select dateadd(dd,5,getdate())（红色部分修改为相应的月、日、年等）
--convert(datetime, Time) DTTime（转换时间格式）
--分钟Convert(varchar(16),DTTime,120)
--小时Convert(varchar(13),Emidtime, 120)
-- 年月日Convert(varchar(100),DTTime, 23)
--月Convert(varchar(7),DTTime, 23)</span>

3、

--更新语句
Update table
set A=a,B=b
where C=c

--将一个数据表数据无重复导入另一个数据表
insert into GWSPMD_EMI
select *
from GWSPMD_TemporaryEMI  as A
where Not Exists
(Select *  From GWSPMD_EMI where GWSPMD_EMI.Emidtime=A.TETime )

5、

--创建自增长数据表
if exists (select * from sysobjects where name='GWSPMD_ChartCharacter')
drop table GWSPMD_ChartCharacter
create table GWSPMD_ChartCharacter(
ChartCharacter_Id int primary key identity(1,1),
ChartCharacter_name varchar(30) not null unique,
Del_flg char(1) default '0'
)
----自增长数据表插入 ，不需要管自增长的列
insert into GWSPMD_ChartCharacter
values('时发电量','0')

--一个项目完成后数据库中会有很多无用的测试数据，可以使用delete * 将数据全部删除，但自增长列（一般是主键）基数不会归零，使用TRUNCATE函数可以将表中数据全部删除，并且将自增长列基数归零。一定要注意，表中的数据全部删除了。它的语法如下：

TRUNCATE TABLE tableName
--其中tableName中所要操作的数据
原文来自：雨枫技术教程网 http://www.fengfly.com 原文网址：http://67.220.81.123/plus/view-172949-1.html

--SQL函数 AVG求平均数
/*********************************************/
---向GWSPMD_users表插入数据
--INSERT INTO table_name (列, 列,...) VALUES (值, 值,....)
INSERT INTO GWSPMD_users (User_id,User_name,User_password,User_role,Del_flg )
VALUES ('a', 'a','a',0,0)

--先查找是否存在，不存在则插入  注意where中的主键位置
--Exists的查询结果集的记录数大于0,就执行

SetInitialDayPower='"+DayPowerSetValue+"',SetInitialMonthPower='"+MonthPowerSetValue+"',"
//+ "SetInitialYearPower='" + YearPowerSetValue + "',Operator_id='" + userId + "'
"if Exists(Select * from GWSPMD_StationParameter where Station_id='"+s_id+"') "
+ " Update GWSPMD_StationParameter set SetInitialDayPower='"+DayPowerSetValue+"',SetInitialMonthPower="
+"'"+MonthPowerSetValue+"',SetInitialYearPower='" + YearPowerSetValue + "',Operator_id='" + userId + "' where Station_id='" + s_id + "'"
+ " else INSERT into GWSPMD_StationParameter(Station_id,SetInitialDayPower,SetInitialMonthPower,SetInitialYearPower,Operator_id) "
+" values('" + s_id + "','" + DayPowerSetValue + "','" + MonthPowerSetValue + "','" + YearPowerSetValue + "','" + userId + "')" ;

--在向指定日期加上一段时间的基础上，返回新的 datetime 值。
DATEADD ( datepart , number, date )
--只输出年月日：
CONVERT(varchar(100),Emidtime, 23) as '时间' 输出格式：'2010-3-8 '
--时间增加如：天数加1
Convert(varchar(100),DATEADD ( day , 1, '2010-3-8'), 23)

<pre class="sql" name="code">--GetDate() 用于sql server :select GetDate()
--DateDiff('s','2005-07-20','2005-7-25 22:56:32')返回值为 514592 秒
--DateDiff('d','2005-07-20','2005-7-25 22:56:32')返回值为 5 天
--DatePart('w','2005-7-25 22:56:32')返回值为 2 即星期一(周日为1，周六为7)
DatePart('d','2005-7-25 22:56:32')返回值为 25即25号
DatePart('y','2005-7-25 22:56:32')返回值为 206即这一年中第206天
DatePart('yyyy','2005-7-25 22:56:32')返回值为 2005即2005年

--sql时间格式转换大全
使用 CONVERT：
select convert(datetime ,'20080531',120)－－－字符转换成日期
CONVERT (data_type[(length)], expression [, style])
select CONVERT(varchar, getdate(), 120 )
2004-09-12 11:06:08
select replace(replace(replace(CONVERT(varchar, getdate(), 120 ),\'-\',\'\'),\' \',\'\'),\':\',\'\')
20040912110608
select CONVERT(varchar(12) , getdate(), 111 )
2004/09/12
select CONVERT(varchar(12) , getdate(), 112 )
20040912
select CONVERT(varchar(12) , getdate(), 102 )
2004.09.12
select CONVERT(varchar(12) , getdate(), 101 )
09/12/2004
select CONVERT(varchar(12) , getdate(), 103 )
12/09/2004
select CONVERT(varchar(12) , getdate(), 104 )
12.09.2004
select CONVERT(varchar(12) , getdate(), 105 )
12-09-2004
select CONVERT(varchar(12) , getdate(), 106 )
12 09 2004
select CONVERT(varchar(12) , getdate(), 107 )
09 12, 2004
select CONVERT(varchar(12) , getdate(), 108 )
11:06:08
select CONVERT(varchar(12) , getdate(), 109 )
09 12 2004 1
select CONVERT(varchar(12) , getdate(), 110 )
09-12-2004
select CONVERT(varchar(12) , getdate(), 113 )
12 09 2004 1
select CONVERT(varchar(12) , getdate(), 114 )
11:06:08.177
sql语句得到一天，一周，一月 时间间隔

//当天
(OperateTime >=CONVERT(varchar(10),getDate(),120)+' 00:00:00' and OperateTime <=CONVERT(varchar(10),getDate(),120)+' 23:59:59')
//近三天
DateDiff(day,OperateTime,getdate()) <=3
//本周
sql数据库
Datepart(year,OperateTime)=DatePart(year,Getdate()) and DatePart(week,OperateTime)=DatePart(week,GetDate())
Access 数据库
Datepart('yyyy',OperateTime)=DatePart('yyyy',date()) and DatePart('ww',OperateTime)=DatePart('ww',Date())
//本月
Datepart(year,OperateTime)=DatePart(year,Getdate()) and DatePart(month,OperateTime)=DatePart(month,GetDate())
OperateTime是表中日期字段

<pre class="sql" name="code">select   *   from   t
where   time   between   to_date('2004-05','yyyy-mm')   and   to_date('2004-09','yyyy-mm');

--返回日期中的日期部分
select DATEPART (day, '2008-08-08')

--返回日期是周几
select DATEPART (weekday, '2008-08-08')

SetVariable("%开始时间%",format([%开始时间%],"0000-00-00 00:00:00")) And SetVariable("%结束时间%",format([%结束时间%],"0000-00-00 00:00:00")) And FilterFor("时间",">=",[%开始时间%],"时间","<=",[%结束时间%])

--随机取数据库前三条3条数据
select top 3 Temp from  GWS_Test2    order by  Temp

--创建一个表，并分时段汇总，最后删除
CREATE TABLE #tb(列名varchar(12),时间datetime)
INSERT INTO #tb
SELECT '03174190188','2009-11-01 07:17:39.217' UNION ALL
SELECT '015224486575','2009-11-01 08:01:17.153' UNION ALL
SELECT '013593006926','2009-11-12 08:04:46.560' UNION ALL
SELECT '013599584239','2009-11-22 08:53:27.763' UNION ALL
SELECT '013911693526','2009-11-23 08:53:51.683' UNION ALL
SELECT '013846472440','2009-11-23 08:54:57.233' UNION ALL
SELECT '013990353697','2009-11-24 08:55:25.077' UNION ALL
SELECT '013990353697','2009-11-25 08:56:01.327' UNION ALL
SELECT '013945594843','2009-11-26 08:57:02.233' UNION ALL
SELECT '013990353697','2009-11-27 08:57:29.700' UNION ALL
SELECT '013916597421','2009-11-28 08:59:49.390' UNION ALL
SELECT '03916995857','2009-11-29 09:11:05.607' UNION ALL
SELECT '015097712001','2009-11-30 09:13:50.293'

--SQL查询如下:

DECLARE @minDate datetime,@maxDate datetime;
SELECT @minDate = '2009-11-1',@maxDate = '2009-12-01';

DECLARE @sql varchar(8000);
SET @sql = '';
SELECT @sql=@sql+',SUM(CASE WHEN DATEDIFF(day,B.时间,'''
+CONVERT(varchar(10),DATEADD(day,number,@minDate),120)
+''')=0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS ['
+CONVERT(varchar(10),DATEADD(day,number,@minDate),120)+']'
FROM master.dbo.spt_values
WHERE type = 'P' AND DATEADD(day,number,@minDate)<=@maxDate;

DECLARE @cmd nvarchar(4000);
SET @cmd = N'
SELECT ISNULL(A.时段,''合计'') AS 时段'+@sql+',
COUNT(列名) AS 合计
FROM(
SELECT 时段=RIGHT(100+number,2)+'':00~''+RIGHT(100+number+1,2)+'':00'',
MinDate = RIGHT(100+number,2)+'':00:00'',
MaxDate = RIGHT(100+number+1,2)+'':00:00''
FROM master.dbo.spt_values
WHERE type = ''P'' AND number < 24
) AS A
LEFT JOIN (SELECT * FROM #tb
WHERE 时间BETWEEN @minDate AND @maxDate) AS B
ON CONVERT(varchar(8),B.时间,108) >= A.MinDate
AND CONVERT(varchar(8),B.时间,108) < A.MaxDate
GROUP BY A.时段WITH ROLLUP;'

EXEC sp_executesql @cmd,N'@minDate datetime,@maxDate datetime',@minDate,@maxDate;

DROP TABLE #tb;

--SQL  --会删除原有表，新建一个表
select distinct * into #Tmp from tableName
drop table tableName
select * into tableName from #Tmp
drop table #Tmp
--删除相同项
select distinct * into #DTTime from GWS_Inverter
drop table GWS_Inverter
select * into GWS_Inverter from #DTTime
drop table #DTTime

--Access数据库时间查询 （where nDate>=#2010-05-05#）
string sqlStr = "Select nDate,EnvirTemp, EnvirHumid, InsGlobalRadiation, tolGlobalRadiation, InsDirectRadiation,tolDirectRadiation FROM MeteTable where nDate>=#2010-05-05# ";

sql="Select * FROM [new2010year] where 1=1 and Format([b_levetime],'YYYY-MM-DD')='2010-01-06' order by id desc"

InvoiceDate between DateValue('2007-6-22') and DateValue('2007-06-24')
--时间变量不能直接使用，必须用DateValue（）函数转换一下，才能被access正确识别出来
------------------------Access时间查询
SELECT MeteTable.nDate, MeteTable.EnvirTemp, MeteTable.EnvirHumid, MeteTable.InsGlobalRadiation, MeteTable.InsDirectRadiation, MeteTable.tolGlobalRadiation, MeteTable.tolDirectRadiation
FROM MeteTable
WHERE nDate between #2010-5-5 08:00:00# and #2010-5-5 09:00:00#;

--写入变量 Access时间如beginDateT = BeginDate.Text;endDateT = BeginDate.Text + " 23:59:59";string sqlStr = "Select nDate,EnvirTemp, EnvirHumid, InsGlobalRadiation, tolGlobalRadiation, InsDirectRadiation,tolDirectRadiation FROM MeteTable" + " where nDate>= #"+beginDateT+"# and nDate<=#"+endDateT+"#";

--从Access查询数据
Select  Format(nDate,"yyyy-mm-dd"),EnvirTemp, EnvirHumid, InsGlobalRadiation, tolGlobalRadiation, InsDirectRadiation,tolDirectRadiation FROM MeteTable
where  Format(nDate,"yyyy-mm-dd");

Select  Format(nDate,"yyyy-mm-dd"),Max(EnvirTemp),Min(EnvirTemp),AVG(EnvirTemp),Max(InsGlobalRadiation),
AVG(InsGlobalRadiation),Sum(tolGlobalRadiation),Max(InsDirectRadiation),AVG(InsDirectRadiation),Sum(tolDirectRadiation)
FROM MeteTable
where  Format(nDate,"yyyy-mm-dd")
order by  Format(nDate,"yyyy-mm-dd");

SELECT Format(nDate,"yyyy-mm-dd") AS 表达式1, Max(MeteTable.EnvirTemp) AS EnvirTemp之最大值, Min(MeteTable.EnvirTemp) AS EnvirTemp之最小值, Avg(MeteTable.EnvirTemp) AS EnvirTemp之平均值, Max(MeteTable.InsGlobalRadiation) AS InsGlobalRadiation之最大值, Avg(MeteTable.InsGlobalRadiation) AS InsGlobalRadiation之平均值, Sum(MeteTable.tolGlobalRadiation) AS tolGlobalRadiation之总计, Max(MeteTable.InsDirectRadiation) AS InsDirectRadiation之最大值, Avg(MeteTable.InsDirectRadiation) AS InsDirectRadiation之平均值, Sum(MeteTable.tolDirectRadiation) AS tolDirectRadiation之总计
FROM MeteTable
WHERE (((Format([nDate],"yyyy-mm-dd"))<>False))
GROUP BY Format(nDate,"yyyy-mm-dd");

--SQL里面的convert函数，在Access中用什么
--SQL中
convert(char(10), Operation_DateTime,120)>='" + DateTime.Parse(Q_FirstDate.EditValue.ToString()).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd") + "' and convert(char(10), Operation_DateTime,120) <='" + DateTime.Parse(Q_EndDate.EdITValue.ToString()).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd") + "'

--C# code  Access中
format(Operation_DateTime,'yyyy-mm-dd')>='"
+ DateTime.Parse(Q_FirstDate.EditValue.ToString()).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd")
+ "' and format(Operation_DateTime,'yyyy-mm-dd') <='"
+ DateTime.Parse(Q_EndDate.EdITValue.ToString()).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd") + "'

在Access中先自己定义一个显示函数，然后使用函数转换
Function ConvertDateToNumeric(pDate As Date) As Long
Dim LYear As Integer
Dim LMth As Integer
Dim LDay As Integer
'Extract the year, month, and day values from the date parameter called pDate
LYear = DatePart("yyyy", pDate)
LMth = DatePart("m", pDate)
LDay = DatePart("d", pDate)
'Format new number as a ddmmyyyy value
ConvertDateToNumeric = Right("00" & CStr(LDay), 2) & Right("00" & CStr(LMth), 2) & CLng(CStr(LYear))
End Function

format(10.666666667, "##.00 ")

VBA 函数	Transact-SQL
标量函数
Ccur(x)	CONVERT(money,x)
Cdbl(x)	CONVERT(float,x)
Cint(x)	CONVERT(smallint,x)
Clng(x)	CONVERT(int,x)
Csng(x)	CONVERT(real,x)
Cstr(x)	CONVERT(varchar,x)
Cvdate(x)	CONVERT(datetime,x)

</pre><p align="left"> </p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family:Courier New;font-size:18px;BACKGROUND-COLOR: #f0f0f0"></span> </p><pre class="sql" name="code"><span style="font-size:18px;">
</span>