ubuntu10.0.4安装oracle 10g

经过一天的努力，终于在ubuntu上成功安装完oracle 10g，以下是我的安装过程。

1、安装或升级运行环境

sudo apt-get install gcc make binutils lesstif2 libc6 libc6-dev rpm libmotif3 libaio1 libstdc++6 alien sun-java6-jre sun-java6-jdk

2、创建用户和组

#su -l root
#addgroup oinstall
#addgroup dba
#addgroup nobody
#useradd -g oinstall -G dba -p pwd@520 -d /home/oracle -s /bin/bash oracle
#usermod -g nobody nobody

3、创建目录
#mkdir -p /opt/oracle
#mkdir -p /opt/oracle
#chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/ora*
#chmod -R 775 /opt/ora*

4、设置内核参数

修改 /etc/sysctl.conf ，添加以下内容
kernel.shmmax = 3147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

修改 /etc/security/limits.conf ，添加以下内容
oracle soft nofile 65536
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384

#sysctl -p（使参数修改生效）

5、创建程序链接

#ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awk
#ln -s /usr/bin/rpm /bin/rpm
#ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basename
＃mkdir /etc/rc.d
＃ln -s /etc/rc0.d /etc/rc.d/rc0.d
＃ln -s /etc/rc2.d /etc/rc.d/rc2.d
＃ln -s /etc/rc3.d /etc/rc.d/rc3.d
＃ln -s /etc/rc4.d /etc/rc.d/rc4.d
＃ln -s /etc/rc5.d /etc/rc.d/rc5.d
＃ln -s /etc/rc6.d /etc/rc.d/rc6.d
＃ln -s /etc/init.d /etc/rc.d/init.d

6、设置 Oracle 用户环境

＃su -l oracle

建立~/.profile文件，内容如下
# oracle 10g
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/bin:$PATH
export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
export ORACLE_SID=test
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

7、安装前的准备

创建一个文件 /etc/redhat-release:添加如下内容。
Red Hat Linux release 3.1 (drupal)

8、执行安装

用oracle用户登陆xtem界面
＃export LANG=en_CN
#cd ~/database
#./runInstaller

安装完成后执行sudo /opt/oracle/root.sh

9、创建自启动脚本

创建文件/etc/init.d/oracledb，内容为

#!/bin/bash
#
# /etc/init.d/oracledb
#
# Run-level Startup script for the Oracle Instance, Listener, and
# Web Interface

export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=test
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/bin:$PATH

ORA_OWNR="oracle"
# if the executables do not exist -- display error
if [ ! -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart -o ! -d $ORACLE_HOME ]
then
echo "[Oracle Error] dbstart command does not exist, quitting..."
exit 1
else
echo "[Oracle Info] dbstart existance check OK"
fi

# depending on parameter -- startup, shutdown, restart
# of the instance and listener or usage display
case "$1" in
start)
# Oracle listener and instance startup
echo "[Oracle Info] Starting oracle"
echo "[Oracle Info] su $ORA_OWNR -c ""$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start"
su $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start"
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
echo "[Oracle Error] listener failed to start"
exit 1
else
echo "[Oracle Info] listener start OK"
fi

su $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME"
echo "[Oracel Info] su $ORA_OWNR -c ""$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME"
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
echo "[Oracle Error] dbstart failed to start"
exit 1
else
echo "[Oracle Info] dbstart OK"
fi
touch /var/lock/oracle
echo "[Oracle Info]su $ORA_OWNR -c ""$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole"
su $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole"
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
echo "[Oracle Error] dbconsole failed to start"
exit 1
else
echo "[Oracle Info] dbconsole start OK"
fi
echo "[Oracle Info] Starting oracle ended OK"
;;
stop)
# Oracle listener and instance shutdown
echo "[Oracle Info] Shutdown Oracle: "
echo "[Oracle Info] su $ORA_OWNR -c ""$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop"
su $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop"
echo "[Oracle Info] su $ORA_OWNR -c ""$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut $ORACLE_HOME"
su $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut $ORACLE_HOME"
rm -f /var/lock/oracle
echo "[Oracle Info]su $ORA_OWNR -c ""$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole"
su $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole"
echo "[Oracle Info] Shutdown Oracle ended OK"
;;
reload|restart)
echo "[Oracle Info]: $1 oracle"
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
*)
echo "[Oracle Error] Unknown context: $1"
echo "[Oracle Info] Usage: `basename $0` start|stop|restart|reload"
exit 1
esac
exit 0

编辑/etc/oratab,用于启动数据库实例

test:/opt/oracle:Y (test为数据库实例)

修改/opt/oracle/bin/dbstart
# Set this to bring up Oracle Net Listener
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=/ade/vikrkuma_new/oracle
为
# Set this to bring up Oracle Net Listener
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

添加执行权限
#chmod 755 /etc/init.d/oracledb
#update-rc.d oracledb defaults 99

安装完成，重启系统。

10、检查程序运行情况

查询oracle进程
sudo ps aux |grep oracle

root@botao-desktop:/opt/oracle/bin# ps aux | grep oracle
oracle 1266 0.0 0.3 42540 6204 ? Ssl 07:58 0:00 /opt/oracle/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER -inherit
oracle 1447 0.0 0.6 676144 12724 ? Ss 07:58 0:01 ora_pmon_test
oracle 1449 0.0 0.5 675508 10908 ? Ss 07:58 0:00 ora_psp0_test
oracle 1451 0.0 4.2 675508 85156 ? Ss 07:58 0:00 ora_mman_test
oracle 1453 0.0 2.3 677576 47236 ? Ss 07:58 0:00 ora_dbw0_test
oracle 1455 0.0 0.9 691060 19520 ? Ss 07:58 0:01 ora_lgwr_test
oracle 1457 0.0 0.9 676156 19592 ? Ss 07:58 0:02 ora_ckpt_test
oracle 1459 0.0 3.6 677072 74192 ? Ss 07:58 0:00 ora_smon_test
oracle 1461 0.0 0.8 675508 17756 ? Ss 07:58 0:00 ora_reco_test
oracle 1463 0.0 1.8 677112 36492 ? Ss 07:58 0:02 ora_cjq0_test
oracle 1465 0.0 2.9 678284 59888 ? Ss 07:58 0:01 ora_mmon_test
oracle 1467 0.0 0.6 675508 14036 ? Ss 07:58 0:02 ora_mmnl_test
oracle 1469 0.0 0.5 676148 10800 ? Ss 07:58 0:00 ora_d000_test
oracle 1471 0.0 0.5 676140 10532 ? Ss 07:58 0:00 ora_s000_test
oracle 1476 0.0 0.6 675508 12180 ? Ss 07:58 0:00 ora_qmnc_test
oracle 1999 0.0 1.7 677056 35608 ? Ss 07:59 0:00 ora_q000_test
oracle 2135 0.0 0.3 8120 6372 ? S 07:59 0:00 /opt/oracle/perl/bin/perl /opt/oracle/bin/emwd.pl dbconsole /opt/oracle/botao-desktop_test/sysman/log/emdb.nohup
oracle 2163 0.2 4.9 592940 100440 ? Sl 07:59 0:33 /opt/oracle/jdk/bin/java -server -Xmx256M -XX:MaxPermSize=96m -XX:MinHeapFreeRatio=20 -XX:MaxHeapFreeRatio=40 -DORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle -Doracle.home=/opt/oracle/oc4j -Doracle.oc4j.localhome=/opt/oracle/botao-desktop_test/sysman -DEMSTATE=/opt/oracle/botao-desktop_test -Doracle.j2ee.dont.use.memory.archive=true -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=HTTPClient -Doracle.security.jazn.config=/opt/oracle/oc4j/j2ee/OC4J_DBConsole_botao-desktop_test/config/jazn.xml -Djava.security.policy=/opt/oracle/oc4j/j2ee/OC4J_DBConsole_botao-desktop_test/config/java2.policy -Djava.security.properties=/opt/oracle/oc4j/j2ee/home/config/jazn.security.props -DEMDROOT=/opt/oracle/botao-desktop_test -Dsysman.md5password=true -Drepapi.oracle.home=/opt/oracle -Ddisable.checkForUpdate=true -Djava.awt.headless=true -jar /opt/oracle/oc4j/j2ee/home/oc4j.jar -config /opt/oracle/oc4j/j2ee/OC4J_DBConsole_botao-desktop_test/config/server.xml

sqlplus登陆

root@botao-desktop:~# su -l oracle
$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jul 2 11:10:24 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

SQL>

企业管理器登陆