实验: 把数据库迁移到ASM（完全恢复）

网络很多帖子介绍的都是不完全恢复的方法.
注意:
迁移前要保证是归档状态下.
1
迁移在线重做日志文件
迁移重做日志的方法与不完全恢复的做法是一致的。在ASM上有两个磁盘组，一个是DATA，一个是FRA。
1.1
修改参数
SQL>
show parameter db_create;
NAME                         
        TYPE      
  VALUE
------------------------------ ----------- -------------
db_create_file_dest               
 string
db_create_online_log_dest_1       
 string
db_create_online_log_dest_2       
 string
db_create_online_log_dest_3       
 string
db_create_online_log_dest_4       
 string
db_create_online_log_dest_5       
 string
SQL>
alter system set db_create_online_log_dest_1 = '+DATA';
System altered.
SQL>
alter system set db_create_file_dest = '+DATA';
System altered.
SQL>
alter system set db_recovery_file_dest = '+FRA';
System altered.
SQL>
show parameter db_create;
NAME       
                          TYPE      
  VALUE
------------------------------ ----------- -------------
db_create_file_dest               
 string         +DATA
db_create_online_log_dest_1        
string         +DATA
db_create_online_log_dest_2        
string
db_create_online_log_dest_3        
string
db_create_online_log_dest_4        
string
db_create_online_log_dest_5        
string
SQL> show parameter db_recovery
NAME                           
       TYPE         VALUE
------------------------------- ----------- -------------
db_recovery_file_dest         
      string     
    +FRA
db_recovery_file_dest_size    
 big integer            2G
1.2
增加日志组
增加日志组，新的日志组路径指向ASM，并删除旧的日志组
SQL> alter database add logfile group 4 size 25M;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add logfile group 5 size 25M;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add logfile group 6 size 25M;
Database altered.
SQL> select group#,status from v$log;
   
GROUP# STATUS
---------- -------------
       
 1 INACTIVE
       
 2 INACTIVE
       
 3 CURRENT
       
 4 UNUSED
       
 5 UNUSED
       
 6 UNUSED
6 rows selected.
1.3
删除日志组
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 1;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 2;
Database altered.
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system checkpoint;
System altered.
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 3;
Database altered.
1.4
查看ASM日志组
此时可以看到在ASM上的日志组信息：
[oracle@cent4 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
[oracle@cent4 ~]$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> ls
DATA/
FRA/
ASMCMD> cd data
ASMCMD> cd test
ASMCMD> cd onlinelog
ASMCMD> ls
group_4.256.752606807
group_5.257.752606815
group_6.258.752606821
ASMCMD> pwd
+data/test/onlinelog
2
迁移数据文件
迁移数据文件要在mount的状态下进行。
2.1
原数据库切换到mount状态下
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup mount
2.2
在rman下迁移数据文件
[oracle@cent4 ~]$
rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on
星期二 5月 31 17:29:36 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. 
All rights reserved.
connected to target database: TEST (DBID=2050570208, not open)
RMAN>
backup as copy database format '+DATA';
Starting backup at 2011-05-31 17:29:54
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=100 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00001 name=/oradata/test/system01.dbf
output filename=+DATA/test/datafile/system.259.752606999 tag=TAG20110531T172955 recid=2 stamp=752607035
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00003 name=/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf
output filename=+DATA/test/datafile/sysaux.260.752607043 tag=TAG20110531T172955 recid=3 stamp=752607059
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00005 name=/oradata/test/example01.dbf
output filename=+DATA/test/datafile/example.261.752607067 tag=TAG20110531T172955 recid=4 stamp=752607075
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00002 name=/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf
output filename=+DATA/test/datafile/undotbs1.262.752607083 tag=TAG20110531T172955 recid=5 stamp=752607084
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00004 name=/oradata/test/users01.dbf
output filename=+DATA/test/datafile/users.263.752607089 tag=TAG20110531T172955 recid=6 stamp=752607089
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
copying current control file
output filename=+DATA/test/controlfile/backup.264.752607091 tag=TAG20110531T172955 recid=7 stamp=752607091
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2011-05-31 17:31:34
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2011-05-31 17:31:35
piece handle=+DATA/test/backupset/2011_05_31/nnsnf0_tag20110531t172955_0.265.752607095 tag=TAG20110531T172955 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 2011-05-31 17:31:35
 
RMAN>
switch database to copy;
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/test/datafile/system.259.752606999"
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/test/datafile/undotbs1.262.752607083"
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/test/datafile/sysaux.260.752607043"
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/test/datafile/users.263.752607089"
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/test/datafile/example.261.752607067"
2.3
查看ASM数据文件
在ASMCMD中看到的结果：
ASMCMD> ls
EXAMPLE.261.752607067
SYSAUX.260.752607043
SYSTEM.259.752606999
UNDOTBS1.262.752607083
USERS.263.752607089
3
迁移控制文件
3.1
从跟踪文件中获取建库脚本
最好要在做完日志文件迁移与数据文件迁移后,
再生成控制文件. 这样子, 生成的脚本中对应数据文件与日志文件的路径等参数不要做修改.
SQL>
alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/home/oracle/ctl.txt';
编缉控制文件后(删头去尾)，得到如下的内容：
[oracle@cent4 ~]$ cat ctl.txt
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "TEST"
NORESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
   
MAXLOGFILES 16
   
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
   
MAXDATAFILES 100
   
MAXINSTANCES 8
   
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
 
GROUP 4 '+DATA/test/onlinelog/group_4.256.752606807' 
SIZE 25M,
 
GROUP 5 '+DATA/test/onlinelog/group_5.257.752606815' 
SIZE 25M,
 
GROUP 6 '+DATA/test/onlinelog/group_6.258.752606821' 
SIZE 25M
DATAFILE
 
'+DATA/test/datafile/system.259.752606999',
 
'+DATA/test/datafile/undotbs1.262.752607083',
 
'+DATA/test/datafile/sysaux.260.752607043',
 
'+DATA/test/datafile/users.263.752607089',
 
'+DATA/test/datafile/example.261.752607067'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
;
3.2
切换控制文件路径
SQL>
shutdown immediate
SQL>
startup nomount
SQL>
show parameter control_files
NAME            
TYPE             VALUE
---------------- ---------------- ------------------------------
control_files   
string           /oradata/test/control01.ctl,
                                 
/oradata/test/control02.ctl,
                            
     /oradata/test/control03.ctl
SQL>
alter system set control_files='+DATA','+FRA' scope=spfile;
System altered.
3.3
在nomount状态下切换控制文件路径
这里还要再重启一下,
保证修改的控制文件路径的参数生效.
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL>
startup nomount
SQL>
@/home/oracle/ctl.txt
Control file created.
3.4
打开数据库并创建临时表空间
要生成临时文件,
在脚本中这一段被我删去了.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> alter tablespace temp add tempfile size 20M;
Tablespace altered.
4
迁移参数文件
4.1
切换参数文件路径
SQL>
create pfile from spfile;
File created.
SQL>
show parameter spfile
NAME              
TYPE         VALUE
------------------ ----------- ------------------------------------------------------
spfile            
string      /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfiletest.ora
SQL>
create spfile='+DATA' from pfile;
File created.
删除spfile,
编辑pfile, 保证路径指向ASM中的参数文件
[oracle@cent4 dbs]$ rm spfiletest.ora
[oracle@cent4 dbs]$ vi inittest.ora
修改参数文件inittest.ora，内容改成如下：
spfile=+data/orcl/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.268.752608305
4.2
查看参数文件
ASMCMD> ls
BACKUPSET/
CONTROLFILE/
DATAFILE/
ONLINELOG/
PARAMETERFILE/
TEMPFILE/
ASMCMD> cd parameterfile
ASMCMD> ls
spfile.268.752608305
ASMCMD> pwd
+data/test/parameterfile
5
验证迁移
重启后验证参数文件与三大数据库文件.
5.1
参数文件
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME              
TYPE        VALUE
------------------ ----------- -----------------------------------------------
spfile            
string      +DATA/orcl/parameterfile/spfile.268.752608305
5.2
控制文件
SQL> show parameter control_files
NAME              
TYPE        VALUE
------------------ ----------- ---------------------------------------------
control_files     
string      +DATA/test/controlfile/current.266.752607653,
               
               +FRA/test/controlfile/current.257.752607653
5.3
数据文件
SQL> col file_name format a50
SQL> col tablespace_name format a20
SQL> select file_name, tablespace_name from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME                                         
TABLESPACE_NAME
-------------------------------------------------- --------------------
+DATA/test/datafile/example.261.752607067         
EXAMPLE
+DATA/test/datafile/users.263.752607089           
USERS
+DATA/test/datafile/sysaux.260.752607043          
SYSAUX
+DATA/test/datafile/undotbs1.262.752607083        
UNDOTBS1
+DATA/test/datafile/system.259.752606999       
   SYSTEM
5.4
日志文件
SQL> col member format a45
SQL> select * from v$logfile;
   
GROUP# STATUS  TYPE    MEMBER                                        
IS_
---------- ------- ------- --------------------------------------------- ---
        
4 STALE   ONLINE  +DATA/test/onlinelog/group_4.256.752606807   
 NO
        
6 STALE   ONLINE  +DATA/test/onlinelog/group_6.258.752606821   
 NO
        
5         ONLINE  +DATA/test/onlinelog/group_5.257.752606815   
 NO