.NET网络通信基础（1）

1.了解Socket

Socket自提出以来一直就是网络应用程序最重要且应用最为广泛的技术
通过Socket概念进行网络联机，可以避免处理切割数据封包、分段传输与数据重组等繁复的细节。

2. 命名空间
System.Net.Sockets命名空间主要包括Sockets网络通信应用程序的相关类：
◦Socket类
◦TCPClient类
◦TCPListener类
◦UDPClient类

◦
NetworkStream类

◦

3. Socket类的方法成员
Bind方法

}Accept方法
}Connect方法
}Send方法和SendTo方法

}

SocketException类

Close方法和Shutdown方法 Receive方法和ReceiveFrom方法

4.服务器端的代码
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading;
namespace TcpServer
{
public partial class Server : Form
{
delegate void ControlChangeHandler(string msg1,string msg2);
int port;
TcpListener myTcpListener;
NetworkStream myNetworkStream;
private void StartListen()
{
port = Convert.ToInt32(this.txtPort.Text.Trim());
myTcpListener = new TcpListener(port);
try
{
myTcpListener.Start();
string msg = "等待联机中........";
this.Invoke(new ControlChangeHandler(onChange), new object[] { msg,""});
Socket mySocket = myTcpListener.AcceptSocket();
while (true)
{
if (mySocket.Connected)
{
msg = "通信端口" + txtPort.Text + "联机成功";
this.Invoke(new ControlChangeHandler(onChange), new object[] { msg, "" });
myNetworkStream = new NetworkStream(mySocket);
string Message;
byte[] data = new byte[1024];
myNetworkStream.Read(data, 0, data.Length);
Message = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(data);
this.Invoke(new ControlChangeHandler(onChange), new object[] { "", Message });
}
}
}
catch (SocketException ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}
private void Send()
{
string Message = this.txtMsg.Text;
byte[] data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(Message);
myNetworkStream.Write(data,0,data.Length );
}

private void onChange(string msg1, string msg2)
{
if (msg1 != "")
{
this.txtConnection.Text += msg1 + "/r/n";
}
if (msg2 != "")
{
this.txtMsg.Text += msg2 + "/r/n";
}
}
public Server()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void btnListen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Thread th = new Thread(new ThreadStart(this.StartListen ));
th.IsBackground = true;
th.Start();
}
private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.Send();
}
}
}

5.客户端的代码
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading;
namespace TCPClient
{
public partial class Client : Form
{
delegate void ControlChangeHandler(string msg);
private TcpClient myTcpClient = new TcpClient();
private NetworkStream myNetworkStream;
private void Connect()
{
try
{
string HostName = this.txtServer.Text;
int port = Convert.ToInt32(txtPort.Text);
myTcpClient.Connect(IPAddress.Parse(HostName), port);
myNetworkStream = myTcpClient.GetStream();
string msg = "主机:" + HostName + "，通信端口:" + txtPort.Text + "连接成功";
this.txtConnection.Text = msg;
Thread th = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Read));
th.IsBackground = true;
th.Start();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
MessageBox.Show(e.Message );
}
}

private void Send()
{
string Msg = this.txtMsg.Text;
byte[] data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(Msg);
myNetworkStream.Write(data,0,data.Length );
}
private void Read()
{
while (true)
{
if (myTcpClient.Connected)
{
int DataSize = myTcpClient.ReceiveBufferSize;
byte[] data = new byte[DataSize];
myNetworkStream.Read(data, 0, DataSize);
string Msg = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(data, 0, data.Length);
this.Invoke(new ControlChangeHandler(onChange), new object[] { Msg });
}
}
}

private void onChange(string msg)
{
this.txtMsg.Text = msg+"/r/n";
}
public Client()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void btnConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.Connect();
}
private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.Send();
}
}
}