网站运维架构设计及安装过程(linux+nginx+php-fpm+pgsql+memcached+varnish+mysql)

以下安装过程为我在**网工作期间，**网整个外网所需服务的安装过程以及注意事项

一 安装所需软件包

LANG=C

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ gd* autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers readline readline-devel libtool libtool-ltdl libtool-ltdl-devel *ltdl*

二、安装PHP 5.2.13（FastCGI模式）

1、编译安装PHP 5.2.13所需的支持库：

tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.13/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/

(make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv')

make && make install

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/

make && make install

/sbin/ldconfig

cd libltdl/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/ --enable-ltdl-install

make && make install

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

cd mhash-0.9.9.9/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/

make && make install

./configure

make && make install

tar zxvf libevent-1.4.10-stable.tar.gz （ http://monkey.org/~provos/libevent-1.4.9-stable.tar.gz）

cd libevent-1.4.10-stable

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/libevent

make && make install

32位机器：

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

64位机器：

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib64/libmcrypt.la

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib64/libmcrypt.so

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib64/libmcrypt.so.4

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib64/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib64/libmhash.a

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib64/libmhash.la

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib64/libmhash.so

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib64/libmhash.so.2

ln -s /usr/local/web_server/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib64/libmhash.so.2.0.1

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

cd mcrypt-2.6.8/

/sbin/ldconfig

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/ --with-libmcrypt-prefix=/usr/local/web_server/ --with-libiconv-prefix=/usr/local/web_server/

make && make install

2、编译安装MySQL 5.1.44

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql

/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql

tar zxvf mysql-5.1.44.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.1.44/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/mysql/ --enable-shared --enable-assembler --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=innobase --with-charset=utf8 --with-extra-charsets=gbk,gb2312,utf8 --with-mysqld-user=mysql

make && make install

mkdir /usr/local/web_server/mysql/var

mkdir /usr/local/web_server/mysql/tmp

mkdir /usr/local/web_server/mysql/logs

mkdir /usr/local/web_server/mysql/etc

chmod +w /usr/local/web_server/mysql/

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/web_server/mysql/

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysqld

cp support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf

/usr/local/web_server/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/web_server/ --datadir=/usr/local/web_server/mysql/var --user=mysql

登陆到mysql，执行一下语句：

grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to mysql@'localhost' identified by '123456';

grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to mysql@'%' identified by '123456';

执行了上面的语句后，再执行下面的语句，方可立即生效。

flush privileges;

3. 安装postgresql

/usr/sbin/groupadd postgres

/usr/sbin/useradd -g postgres postgres

tar jxvf postgresql-8.3.12.tar.bz2

cd postgresql-8.3.12

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/pgsql

make && make install

chmod +w /usr/local/web_server/pgsql/

chown -R postgres:postgres /usr/local/web_server/pgsql/

4、编译安装PHP（FastCGI模式）

tar zxvf php-5.2.13.tar.gz

gzip -cd php-5.2.13-fpm-0.5.13.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.13 -p1

cd php-5.2.13

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/php5 --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/web_server/php5/etc --with-pgsql=/usr/local/web_server/pgsql --with-pdo-pgsql=/usr/local/web_server/pgsql --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/web_server/ --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --with-libevent=/usr/local/web_server/libevent/ --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring=all --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/web_server/ --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-pcre-dir=/usr/local/web_server/pcre/ --with-pcre-regex=/usr/local/web_server/pcre --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --without-sqlite --without-pdo-sqlite --enable-memcache --enable-zip --with-mysql=/usr/local/web_server/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/web_server/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql=shared,/usr/local/web_server/mysql --enable-sysvshm

ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' make

(如果出现错误，按照以下方式做

编辑 Makefile 大约 70 行左右的地方:

EXTRA_LIBS = ….. -lcrypt

在最后加上 -liconv，例如:

EXTRA_LIBS = ….. -lcrypt -liconv

然后重新再次 make 即可，不用make clean 直接make）

make install

cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/web_server/php5/etc/php.ini

5、编译安装PHP5扩展模块 (参考：http://willko.javaeye.com/blog/332993)

安装memcached （memcached: http://www.danga.com/memcached/dist/memcached-1.2.6.tar.gz ）

tar zxvf memcached-1.4.5.tar.gz

cd memcached-1.4.5

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/memcached --enable-threads --enable-64bit --with-libevent=/usr/local/web_server/libevent/

make && make install

php安装对memcached的支持

php有两个版本的memcached客户端

1.memcached

这个是新版的客户端基于libmemcached，所以必须要安装libmemcached

先安装libmemcached

下载地址：http://download.tangent.org/libmemcached-0.44.tar.gz

tar zxvf libmemcached-0.44.tar.gz

cd libmemcached-0.44

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/libmemcached/ --with-memcached --with-libevent-prefix=/usr/local/web_server/libevent/

make && make install

安装php memcached客户端

下载地址：http://pecl.php.net/get/memcached

tar zxvf memcached-0.1.4.tgz

cd memcached-0.1.4

/usr/local/web_server/php5/bin/phpize

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server --with-php-config=/usr/local/web_server/php5/bin/php-config --with-libmemcached-dir=/usr/local/web_server/libmemcached/ --enable-memcached

make && make instal

2.memcache

下载地址：http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz

cd memcache-2.2.5

/usr/local/web_server/php5/bin/phpize

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server --with-php-config=/usr/local/web_server/php5/bin/php-config --enable-memcache

make && make instal

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2

cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/

/usr/local/web_server/php5/bin/phpize

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/ --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/web_server/php5/bin/php-config

make

make install

按shift+g键跳到配置文件（php.ini）的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：

引用

[eaccelerator]

zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"

eaccelerator.shm_size="64"

eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/eaccelerator_cache"

eaccelerator.enable="1"

eaccelerator.optimizer="1"

eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"

eaccelerator.debug="0"

eaccelerator.filter=""

eaccelerator.shm_max="0"

eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_only="0"

eaccelerator.compress="1"

eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/

/usr/local/web_server/php5/bin/phpize

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/ --with-php-config=/usr/local/web_server/php5/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/web_server/mysql

make

make install

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2

/usr/local/web_server/php5/bin/phpize

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/ --with-php-config=/usr/local/web_server/php5/bin/php-config --with-pdo-pgsql=/usr/local/web_server/pgsql/

make

make install

tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz

cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/

make

make install

tar zxvf imagick-2.3.0.tgz

cd imagick-2.3.0/

/usr/local/web_server/php5/bin/phpize

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/ --with-php-config=/usr/local/web_server/php5/bin/php-config --with-imagick=/usr/local/web_server/

make

make install

wget http://www.ftphp.com/scws/down/scws-dict-chs-utf8.tar.bz2

wget http://www.ftphp.com/scws/down/scws-dict-chs-gbk.tar.bz2

tar jxvf scws-1.1.3.tar.bz2

cd scws-1.1.3

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/scws

make

make install

cd /usr/local/src

tar jxvf scws-dict-chs-utf8.tar.bz2 -C /usr/local/web_server/scws/etc/

tar jxvf scws-dict-chs-gbk.tar.bz2 -C /usr/local/web_server/scws/etc/

cd scws-1.1.3/phpext/

/usr/local/web_server/php5/bin/phpize

./configure --with-scws=/usr/local/web_server/scws/ --with-php-config=/usr/local/web_server/php5/bin/php-config

make

make install

6、安装Nginx

tar zxvf pcre-8.10.tar.gz

cd pcre-8.10

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/pcre

make

make install

cp -r ../pcre-8.10 /usr/local/web_server/pcre/

tar zxvf google-perftools-0.98.tar.gz

cd google-perftools-0.98

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/google-perftools --enable-frame-pointers

make

make install

cp /usr/local/web_server/google-perftools/lib/* /usr/lib/

/usr/sbin/groupadd www

/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

tar zxvf nginx-0.8.36.tar.gz

cd nginx-0.8.36/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/web_server/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/web_server/pcre/pcre-8.10/ --with-google_perftools_module(动态机器)

--prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/web_server/pcre/pcre-8.10/ --with-google_perftools_module --with-http_perl_module --with-debug（静态机器）

make && make install
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