学习C语言及GTK界面编程经典实例修改： 计算器

推荐到我的邮箱 uunubt@yahoo.cn 00000000 直接去下在源码包，否则按下面步骤来也行哈

第一步，新建文件夹重命名为 ：ad

第二步，将下面文件 1： calc.glade 2： callbacks.c 3： callbacks.h 4： main.c 5： Makefile 6： Readme.txt 拷贝到ad路径下

第三步，进入ad路径下编译执行(当然该装的工具不能少） make ./calc 后结果如图：



1：calc.glade

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<glade-interface>

<!-- interface-requires gtk+ 2.16 -->

<!-- interface-naming-policy project-wide -->

<widget class="GtkWindow" id="window1">

<property name="title" translatable="yes">计算器</property>

<property name="resizable">False</property>

<property name="window_position">center-on-parent</property>

<property name="default_width">800</property>

<property name="default_height">600</property>

<signal name="destroy" handler="gtk_main_quit"/>

<child>

<widget class="GtkVBox" id="vbox1">

<property name="visible">True</property>

<child>

<widget class="GtkHBox" id="hbox1">

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="homogeneous">True</property>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="Backspace_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">Backspace</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

<property name="yalign">0.51999998092651367</property>

<signal name="clicked" handler="on_Backspace_button_clicked"/>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">0</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="Clear_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">清空</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

<property name="xalign">0.50999999046325684</property>

<signal name="clicked" handler="on_Clear_button_clicked"/>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">1</property>

</packing>

</child>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="expand">False</property>

<property name="fill">False</property>

<property name="position">0</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkEntry" id="Result_entry">

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="editable">False</property>

<property name="invisible_char">•</property>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="expand">False</property>

<property name="fill">False</property>

<property name="position">1</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkHBox" id="hbox2">

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="homogeneous">True</property>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="Seven_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">7</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">0</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="Eight_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">8</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">1</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="Nine_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">9</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">2</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="Add_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">+</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">3</property>

</packing>

</child>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="expand">False</property>

<property name="fill">False</property>

<property name="position">2</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkHBox" id="hbox3">

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="homogeneous">True</property>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="Four_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">4</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">0</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="Five_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">5</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">1</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="Six_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">6</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">2</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="Minus_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">-</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">3</property>

</packing>

</child>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="expand">False</property>

<property name="fill">False</property>

<property name="position">3</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkHBox" id="hbox4">

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="homogeneous">True</property>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="One_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">1</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">0</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="Two_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">2</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">1</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="Three_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">3</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">2</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="Multiply_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">*</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">3</property>

</packing>

</child>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="expand">False</property>

<property name="fill">False</property>

<property name="position">4</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkHBox" id="hbox5">

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="homogeneous">True</property>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="Zero_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">0</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">0</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="Sign_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">-/+</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">1</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="Equal_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">=</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">2</property>

</packing>

</child>

<child>

<widget class="GtkButton" id="Divide_button">

<property name="label" translatable="yes">/</property>

<property name="visible">True</property>

<property name="can_focus">True</property>

<property name="receives_default">True</property>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="position">3</property>

</packing>

</child>

</widget>

<packing>

<property name="expand">False</property>

<property name="fill">False</property>

<property name="position">5</property>

</packing>

</child>

</widget>

</child>

</widget>

</glade-interface>

2，callbacks.c

#include <gtk/gtk.h>

#include <glade/glade.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <time.h>

#include "callbacks.h"

#define GLADE_FILE "calc.glade"

#define MAX_ENTRY_NUMBER 4 //最大允许数目

//全局变量

MainWindow* mwin;

gint entry_number = 0; //当前输入的数字个数

gint operator = 5; //当前运算，0表示无运算，1表示“加号”，2表示“减号”，3表示“乘号”，4表示“除号”，5表示“等号”，

gint result = 0; //上一次运算的结果

gint sign = 0; //前一个按键是否为操作键

GtkWindow*

create_main_window(void)

{

mwin = g_new0(MainWindow, 1);//动态分配内存，并清0

mwin->gxml = glade_xml_new (GLADE_FILE, NULL, NULL); //关联界面

/* This is important */

glade_xml_signal_autoconnect (mwin->gxml);

mwin->window =

(GtkWindow*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "window1"); //关联控件

//关联显示框

mwin->result_entry =

(GtkEntry*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "Result_entry");

//关联符号按钮

mwin->sign_button =

(GtkButton*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "Sign_button");

g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(mwin->sign_button),"clicked",

G_CALLBACK(on_Sign_button_clicked),NULL);

//关联数字按钮

mwin->zero_button =

(GtkButton*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "Zero_button");

g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(mwin->zero_button),"clicked",

G_CALLBACK(on_Num_button_clicked),(gpointer)0);

mwin->one_button =

(GtkButton*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "One_button");

g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(mwin->one_button),"clicked",

G_CALLBACK(on_Num_button_clicked),(gpointer)1);

mwin->two_button =

(GtkButton*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "Two_button");

g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(mwin->two_button),"clicked",

G_CALLBACK(on_Num_button_clicked),(gpointer)2);

mwin->three_button =

(GtkButton*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "Three_button");

g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(mwin->three_button),"clicked",

G_CALLBACK(on_Num_button_clicked),(gpointer)3);

mwin->four_button =

(GtkButton*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "Four_button");

g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(mwin->four_button),"clicked",

G_CALLBACK(on_Num_button_clicked),(gpointer)4);

mwin->five_button =

(GtkButton*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "Five_button");

g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(mwin->five_button),"clicked",

G_CALLBACK(on_Num_button_clicked),(gpointer)5);

mwin->six_button =

(GtkButton*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "Six_button");

g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(mwin->six_button),"clicked",

G_CALLBACK(on_Num_button_clicked),(gpointer)6);

mwin->seven_button =

(GtkButton*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "Seven_button");

g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(mwin->seven_button),"clicked",

G_CALLBACK(on_Num_button_clicked),(gpointer)7);

mwin->eight_button =

(GtkButton*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "Eight_button");

g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(mwin->eight_button),"clicked",

G_CALLBACK(on_Num_button_clicked),(gpointer)8);

mwin->nine_button =

(GtkButton*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "Nine_button");

g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(mwin->nine_button),"clicked",

G_CALLBACK(on_Num_button_clicked),(gpointer)9);

//关联操作按钮

mwin->add_button =

(GtkButton*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "Add_button");

g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(mwin->add_button),"clicked",

G_CALLBACK(on_operator_button_clicked),(gpointer)1);

mwin->minus_button =

(GtkButton*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "Minus_button");

g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(mwin->minus_button),"clicked",

G_CALLBACK(on_operator_button_clicked),(gpointer)2);

mwin->multiply_button =

(GtkButton*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "Multiply_button");

g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(mwin->multiply_button),"clicked",

G_CALLBACK(on_operator_button_clicked),(gpointer)3);

mwin->divide_button =

(GtkButton*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "Divide_button");

g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(mwin->divide_button),"clicked",

G_CALLBACK(on_operator_button_clicked),(gpointer)4);

mwin->equal_button =

(GtkButton*)glade_xml_get_widget(mwin->gxml, "Equal_button");

g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(mwin->equal_button),"clicked",

G_CALLBACK(on_operator_button_clicked),(gpointer)5);

return mwin->window;

}

//回退键响应函数

void

on_Backspace_button_clicked(GtkWidget* w, gpointer data)

{

printf("clicked Backspace button button/n");

gint i;

const gchar *str_in;

gchar str_out[10];

if(1 == sign)

{

entry_number = 0;

sign = 0;

str_out[0] = '0';

str_out[1] = '/0';

gtk_entry_set_text(mwin->result_entry, str_out);//写入新数据

return;

}

if(0 == entry_number)

return;

entry_number--;

str_in = gtk_entry_get_text(mwin->result_entry);//获得以前输入的数据

//处理数据

for(i=0; '/0' != str_in[i]; i++)

str_out[i] = str_in[i];

str_out[i-1] = '/0';

gtk_entry_set_text(mwin->result_entry, str_out);//写入新数据

}

//清除键响应函数

void

on_Clear_button_clicked(GtkWidget* w, gpointer data)

{

printf("clicked Clear button button/n");

//清除状态

operator = 5;

result = 0;

gchar str_out[10];

entry_number = 0;

sign = 0;

str_out[0] = '0';

str_out[1] = '/0';

gtk_entry_set_text(mwin->result_entry, str_out);//写入新数据

}

//符号键响应函数

void

on_Sign_button_clicked(GtkWidget* w, gpointer data)

{

printf("clicked Sign button button/n");

gint i = 0;

const gchar *str_in;

gchar str_out[10];

if(1 == sign)

{

entry_number = 0;

sign = 0;

str_out[0] = '0';

str_out[1] = '/0';

gtk_entry_set_text(mwin->result_entry, str_out);//写入新数据

return ;

}

str_in = gtk_entry_get_text(mwin->result_entry);//获得以前输入的数据

if('-' == str_in[0])

{

for(i=0;'/0' != str_in[i]; i++ )

str_out[i] = str_in[i+1];

}

else

{

str_out[0] = '-';

if('0' != str_in[0])

{

for(;'/0' != str_in[i]; i++ )

str_out[i+1] = str_in[i];

}

str_out[i+1] = '/0';

}

gtk_entry_set_text(mwin->result_entry, str_out);//写入新数据

}

//数字键响应函数

void

on_Num_button_clicked(GtkWidget* w, gint data)

{

printf("你按下的是数字键：%d/n",data);

GtkWidget* dialog; //消息提示对话框

gchar message[100];//显示的消息内容

gint i = 0;

const gchar *str_in;

gchar str_out[10];

if(1 == sign)

{

entry_number = 0;

sign = 0;

str_out[0] = data + '0';

str_out[1] = '/0';

gtk_entry_set_text(mwin->result_entry, str_out);//写入新数据

return;

}

str_in = gtk_entry_get_text(mwin->result_entry);//获得以前输入的数据

if(0 == data)//处理0

{

if(('-' == str_in[0]) || ('0' == str_in[0]))

return;

else if('/0' == str_in[0])

{

str_out[0] = '0';

str_out[1] = '/0';

gtk_entry_set_text(mwin->result_entry, str_out);//写入新数据

return;

}

}

if(MAX_ENTRY_NUMBER == entry_number)//处理超出限制问题

{

sprintf(message,"最多允许输入的数字为：%d",MAX_ENTRY_NUMBER);

dialog = gtk_message_dialog_new(NULL, //构建对话框

GTK_DIALOG_MODAL | GTK_DIALOG_DESTROY_WITH_PARENT,

GTK_MESSAGE_WARNING,

GTK_BUTTONS_OK,

message);

gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog)); //运行对话框

gtk_widget_destroy(dialog); //销毁对话框

return;

}

//处理数据

if('0' != str_in[0])

{

for(; '/0' != str_in[i]; i++)

str_out[i] = str_in[i];

}

str_out[i] = (gchar)data + '0';

str_out[i+1] = '/0';

gtk_entry_set_text(mwin->result_entry, str_out);//写入新数据

entry_number++;

}

//0表示无运算，1表示“加号”，2表示“减号”，3表示“乘号”，4表示“除号”，5表示“等号”，

//操作键响应函数

void

on_operator_button_clicked(GtkWidget* w, gint data)

{

printf("你按下的是操作键：%d/n",data);

printf("其中：1表示“加号”，2表示“减号”，3表示“乘号”，4表示“除号”，5表示“等号”/n");

gint j,i = 0;

const gchar *str_in;

gchar str_out[10];

gchar str_out1[10];

gint input = 0; //本次输入的数值

GtkWidget* dialog; //消息提示对话框

str_in = gtk_entry_get_text(mwin->result_entry);//获得以前输入的数据

if(1 == sign)

{

operator = data;

return;

}

if('-' == str_in[0])

{

for(i=1;'/0' != str_in[i]; i++ )

input = (input * 10) + (str_in[i] - '0');

input = 0 - input;

}

else

{

for(i=0;'/0' != str_in[i]; i++ )

input = (input * 10) + (str_in[i] - '0');

}

switch(operator)

{

case 1:

result = result + input;

break;

case 2:

result = result - input;

break;

case 3:

result = result * input;

break;

case 4:

if(0 == input)

{

dialog = gtk_message_dialog_new(NULL, //构建对话框

GTK_DIALOG_MODAL | GTK_DIALOG_DESTROY_WITH_PARENT,

GTK_MESSAGE_ERROR,

GTK_BUTTONS_CLOSE,

"除0非法");

gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog)); //运行对话框

gtk_widget_destroy(dialog); //销毁对话框

//清除状态

operator = 5;

result = 0;

return;

}

result = result / input;

break;

case 5:

result = input;

break;

}

input=result;

if(0 == input)

{

str_out[0] = '0';

str_out[1] = '/0';

}

else

{

j=i=0;

if(0 > input)

{

str_out[j++] = '-';

input = 0 - input;

}

while(0 != input)

{

str_out1[i++] = (input % 10) + '0';

input = input / 10;

}

while(i>0)

{

str_out[j++] = str_out1[--i];

}

str_out[j] = '/0';

}

gtk_entry_set_text(mwin->result_entry, str_out);//写入新数据

operator = data;

sign = 1;

}

3，callbacks.h

#include <gtk/gtk.h>

#include <glade/glade.h>

typedef struct _MainWindow MainWindow;

struct _MainWindow {

GladeXML *gxml;

GtkWindow *window;

//显示框

GtkEntry *result_entry;

//符号按钮

GtkButton *sign_button;

//数字按钮

GtkButton *zero_button;

GtkButton *one_button;

GtkButton *two_button;

GtkButton *three_button;

GtkButton *four_button;

GtkButton *five_button;

GtkButton *six_button;

GtkButton *seven_button;

GtkButton *eight_button;

GtkButton *nine_button;

//操作按钮

GtkButton *add_button;

GtkButton *minus_button;

GtkButton *multiply_button;

GtkButton *divide_button;

GtkButton *equal_button;

};

extern MainWindow* mwin;

GtkWindow* create_main_window(void);

void on_Backspace_button_clicked(GtkWidget* w, gpointer user_data);//回退键响应函数

void on_Clear_button_clicked(GtkWidget* w, gpointer user_data);//清除键响应函数

void on_Sign_button_clicked(GtkWidget* w, gpointer user_data);//符号键响应函数

void on_Num_button_clicked(GtkWidget* w, gint data);//数字键响应函数

void on_operator_button_clicked(GtkWidget* w, gint data);//操作键响应函数

4，main.c

#include <gtk/gtk.h>

#include <glade/glade.h>

#include "callbacks.h"

//gcc -o hello hello.c `pkg-config --cflags --libs libglade-2.0` -export-dynamic

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

GtkWidget* window;

gtk_init(&argc, &argv);

window = (GtkWidget*)create_main_window();

gtk_widget_show (window);

/* start the event loop */

gtk_main();

return 0;

}

5，Makefile

#以＃开头表示是注释行，以Tab键开头表示命令行，'/'表示之后一行合并到前一行，其后不能有任何字符

CC=gcc

PROG_NAME=calc

INCS=

SRCS= /

main.c /

callbacks.c

#从 xx.c 文件得到 xx.o 文件

OBJS=${SRCS:.c=.o}

#编译 GTK 程序时要用到的库

LIBS=libglade-2.0

#---- 用户修改区域 结束

# -O2

CFLAGS=`pkg-config --cflags ${LIBS}` -g -Wall

LDFLAGS=`pkg-config --libs ${LIBS}` -g -Wall

all: ${PROG_NAME}

${PROG_NAME}:${OBJS}

${CC} -o ${PROG_NAME} ${OBJS} ${LDFLAGS} -export-dynamic

#注意:上边”${CC}" 的前边有一个 TAB 键,而不是空格

#如果有头文件进行修改,则自动编译源文件

${OBJS}:${INCS}

.c.o:

${CC} -c $< ${CFLAGS}

clean:

rm -f *.o ${PROG_NAME}

rebuild: clean all

6，Readme.txt

计算器程序：

使用GTK2.0开发，Glade3设计界面。

包含全部源码，glade文件，Makefile文件，可执行文件

可完整实现带符号的四位是的加减乘除运算，添加大数运算模块可实现任意位数的加减乘除运算，是你学习C语言及GTK界面编程不可不看的案例。