Apache + Tomcat 集群负载均衡配置
2010-06-07 11:18
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1、
环境
Apache 2.2.15
Tomcat 6.0.20
Jdk 1.6
2、
软件
代理模块
mod_jk-1.2.28-httpd-2.2.X.so
下载地址：
http://labs.renren.com/apache-mirror/tomcat/tomcat-connectors/jk/binaries/linux/jk-1.2.28/x86_64/mod_jk-1.2.28-httpd-2.2.X.so
将下载的
mod_jk-1.2.28-httpd-2.2.X.so
文件复制到
%apache_home%
安装目录
modules
目录下
3、
测试
tomcat
http://IP:8080/
（
tomcat1
所在服务器）
http://IP:8080/
（
tomcat2
所在服务器）
如下图表示正常
4、
配置
apache
服务器
a、
在
%apache_home%
目录下的
conf/httpd.conf
文件末尾中添加：
include conf/mod_jk.conf
b、
在
conf
目录中新建
mod_jk.conf
文件，内容如下：
#
加载
mod_jk
Module
LoadModule jk_module
modules/mod_jk-1.2.28-httpd-2.2.X.so
JkWorkersFile
conf/workers.properties
指定
workers.properties
文件路径
JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel info
JkMount /* controller
指定那些请求交给
tomcat
处理
,"controller"
为在
workers.propertise
里指定的负载均衡器
c、
在
conf
目录下新建
workers.properties
文件，内容如下：
worker.list=controller,tomcat1,tomcat2
负载均衡器列表
worker.controller.type=lb
负载均衡器类型
worker.controller.balance_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2
指定分担请求的
tomcat
实例名
worker.controller.sticky_session=true
是否使用粘性会话，表示从同一窗口发来的请求都将有集群中的同一个
tomcat
进行处理
#========tomcat1========
worker.tomcat1.host=10.10.14.89
tomcat
的主机地址，如不为本机，请填写
ip
地址
worker.tomcat1.port=10009
ajp13
端口号，在
tomcat
下
server.xml
配置
,
默认
10009
worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13
实例节点类型
worker.tomcat1.lbfactor=1
worker
的加权比重，值越高，分得的请求越多
#========tomcat2========
worker.tomcat2.host=10.10.14.137
worker.tomcat2.port=20009
worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat2.lbfactor=1
5、
修改
tomcat
配置文件
%
tomcat_home%/conf/server.xml
的如下内容
a、
Engine
配置
修改前：
<Engine
name
=
"Catalina"
defaultHost
=
"localhost"
>
修改后：
<Engine
name
=
"Catalina"
defaultHost
=
"localhost"
jvmRoute
=
"tomcat1"
>
<Engine
name
=
"Catalina"
defaultHost
=
"localhost"
jvmRoute
=
"tomcat2"
>
具体
tomcat
中
jvmRoute
的值根据在
workers.properties
的配置，注意
IP
地址、
tomcat
实例名称和
jvmRoute
值必须一一对应。
b、
Connector
配置
修改前：
<Connector
port
=
"8009"
protocol
=
"AJP/1.3"
redirectPort
=
"8443"
/>
修改后：
<Connector
port
=
"9009"
protocol
=
"AJP/1.3"
redirectPort
=
"8443"
/>
这里
tomcat
的
port
值必须与在
workers.properties
中的
port
值一致。
c、
Cluster
配置
<Cluster
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
channelSendOptions
=
"8"
>
<Manager
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
expireSessionsOnShutdown
=
"false"
notifyListenersOnReplication
=
"true"
/>
<Channel
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel"
>
<Membership
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
address
=
"228.0.0.4"
port
=
"45564"
frequency
=
"500"
dropTime
=
"3000"
/>
<Receiver
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
address
=
"auto"
port
=
"4001"
autoBind
=
"100"
selectorTimeout
=
"5000"
maxThreads
=
"6"
/>
<!-- timeout="60000"-->
<Sender
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter"
>
<Transport
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"
/>
</Sender>
<Interceptor
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"
/>
<Interceptor
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"
/>
<Interceptor
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"
/>
</Channel>
<Valve
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
filter
=
".*/.gif;.*/.js;.*/.jpg;.*/.png;.*/.htm;.*/.html;.*/.css;.*/.txt;"
/>
<Valve
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"
/>
<Deployer
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
tempDir
=
"/tmp/war-temp/"
deployDir
=
"/tmp/war-deploy/"
watchDir
=
"/tmp/war-listen/"
watchEnabled
=
"false"
/
>
<ClusterListener
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"
/>
<ClusterListener
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"
/>
</Cluster>
6、
配置应用程序
web.xml
<web-appxmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance
"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd
"version="2.4">
<display-name>TestDemo</display-name>
<distributable
/>
</web-app>
此配置说明当前
Web
工程处于分布式部署环境。如果不进行这个配置，每次访问页面
tomcat
都会产生一个新的
sessionid
7、
可能出现的问题
a、
Java
未先安装，或未正确配置
JAVA_HOME
体统环境变量；
b、
Linux
系统的防火墙
指定的
Tomcat
端口未被设置为远程可访问；
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1、
环境
Apache 2.2.15
Tomcat 6.0.20
Jdk 1.6
2、
软件
代理模块
mod_jk-1.2.28-httpd-2.2.X.so
下载地址：
http://labs.renren.com/apache-mirror/tomcat/tomcat-connectors/jk/binaries/linux/jk-1.2.28/x86_64/mod_jk-1.2.28-httpd-2.2.X.so
将下载的
mod_jk-1.2.28-httpd-2.2.X.so
文件复制到
%apache_home%
安装目录
modules
目录下
3、
测试
tomcat
http://IP:8080/
（
tomcat1
所在服务器）
http://IP:8080/
（
tomcat2
所在服务器）
如下图表示正常
4、
配置
apache
服务器
a、
在
%apache_home%
目录下的
conf/httpd.conf
文件末尾中添加：
include conf/mod_jk.conf
b、
在
conf
目录中新建
mod_jk.conf
文件，内容如下：
#
加载
mod_jk
Module
LoadModule jk_module
modules/mod_jk-1.2.28-httpd-2.2.X.so
JkWorkersFile
conf/workers.properties
指定
workers.properties
文件路径
JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel info
JkMount /* controller
指定那些请求交给
tomcat
处理
,"controller"
为在
workers.propertise
里指定的负载均衡器
c、
在
conf
目录下新建
workers.properties
文件，内容如下：
worker.list=controller,tomcat1,tomcat2
负载均衡器列表
worker.controller.type=lb
负载均衡器类型
worker.controller.balance_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2
指定分担请求的
tomcat
实例名
worker.controller.sticky_session=true
是否使用粘性会话，表示从同一窗口发来的请求都将有集群中的同一个
tomcat
进行处理
#========tomcat1========
worker.tomcat1.host=10.10.14.89
tomcat
的主机地址，如不为本机，请填写
ip
地址
worker.tomcat1.port=10009
ajp13
端口号，在
tomcat
下
server.xml
配置
,
默认
10009
worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13
实例节点类型
worker.tomcat1.lbfactor=1
worker
的加权比重，值越高，分得的请求越多
#========tomcat2========
worker.tomcat2.host=10.10.14.137
worker.tomcat2.port=20009
worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat2.lbfactor=1
5、
修改
tomcat
配置文件
%
tomcat_home%/conf/server.xml
的如下内容
a、
Engine
配置
修改前：
<Engine
name
=
"Catalina"
defaultHost
=
"localhost"
>
修改后：
<Engine
name
=
"Catalina"
defaultHost
=
"localhost"
jvmRoute
=
"tomcat1"
>
<Engine
name
=
"Catalina"
defaultHost
=
"localhost"
jvmRoute
=
"tomcat2"
>
具体
tomcat
中
jvmRoute
的值根据在
workers.properties
的配置，注意
IP
地址、
tomcat
实例名称和
jvmRoute
值必须一一对应。
b、
Connector
配置
修改前：
<Connector
port
=
"8009"
protocol
=
"AJP/1.3"
redirectPort
=
"8443"
/>
修改后：
<Connector
port
=
"9009"
protocol
=
"AJP/1.3"
redirectPort
=
"8443"
/>
这里
tomcat
的
port
值必须与在
workers.properties
中的
port
值一致。
c、
Cluster
配置
<Cluster
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
channelSendOptions
=
"8"
>
<Manager
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
expireSessionsOnShutdown
=
"false"
notifyListenersOnReplication
=
"true"
/>
<Channel
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel"
>
<Membership
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
address
=
"228.0.0.4"
port
=
"45564"
frequency
=
"500"
dropTime
=
"3000"
/>
<Receiver
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
address
=
"auto"
port
=
"4001"
autoBind
=
"100"
selectorTimeout
=
"5000"
maxThreads
=
"6"
/>
<!-- timeout="60000"-->
<Sender
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter"
>
<Transport
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"
/>
</Sender>
<Interceptor
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"
/>
<Interceptor
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"
/>
<Interceptor
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"
/>
</Channel>
<Valve
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
filter
=
".*/.gif;.*/.js;.*/.jpg;.*/.png;.*/.htm;.*/.html;.*/.css;.*/.txt;"
/>
<Valve
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"
/>
<Deployer
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
tempDir
=
"/tmp/war-temp/"
deployDir
=
"/tmp/war-deploy/"
watchDir
=
"/tmp/war-listen/"
watchEnabled
=
"false"
/
>
<ClusterListener
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"
/>
<ClusterListener
className
=
"org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"
/>
</Cluster>
6、
配置应用程序
web.xml
<web-appxmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance
"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd
"version="2.4">
<display-name>TestDemo</display-name>
<distributable
/>
</web-app>
此配置说明当前
Web
工程处于分布式部署环境。如果不进行这个配置，每次访问页面
tomcat
都会产生一个新的
sessionid
7、
可能出现的问题
a、
Java
未先安装，或未正确配置
JAVA_HOME
体统环境变量；
b、
Linux
系统的防火墙
指定的
Tomcat
端口未被设置为远程可访问；
内容来自用户分享和网络整理，不保证内容的准确性，如有侵权内容，可联系管理员处理 
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