在CENT OS 上编译安装NGINX+PHP+MYSQL

NGINX安装手记

一、环境需要和下载
1. 利用YUM安装必须的程序库
# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

2. 下载安装环境所需要的源代码程序安装包
#cd /home/soft/nginx_soft/

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/nginx/nginx-0.7.58.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/php/php-5.2.9.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/phpfpm/php-5.2.9-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mysql/mysql-5.1.34.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/memcache/memcache-2.2.5.tgz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pcre/pcre-7.8.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/eaccelerator/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pdo/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/imagick-2.2.2.tgz

二、安装PHP 5.2.9（FastCGI模式）
1.编译PHP5.2.9所需要的支持库

# tar zvfx libiconv-1.13.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.13/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install
cd ../

tar zvfx libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
./configure
make
make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd ../../

tar zvfx mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9.9
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
ldconfig
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

2． 编译安装MYSQL-5.1.34
mkdir /usr/local/nginx_server/
mkdir /usr/local/nginx_server/mysql

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
tar zvfx mysql-5.1.34.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.1.34
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx_server/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=innobase

make;make install
chmod +w /usr/local/nginx_server/mysql/
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/nginx_server/mysql

①、创建MySQL数据库存放目录
mkdir -p /data/mysql/data
chown –R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/data

②、以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表
/usr/local/nginx_server/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/nginx_server/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data --user=mysql

③、创建my.cnf配置文件：
mkdir -p /data/mysql/etc
vi /data/mysql/etc/my.cnf
输入以下内容
[client]
default-character-set = utf8
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysql]
prompt="(/u:localhost:)[/d]> "
no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]
#default-character-set = utf8
user = mysql
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
basedir = /usr/local/nginx_server/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/data
open_files_limit = 10240
back_log = 600
max_connections = 3000
max_connect_errors = 6000
table_cache = 614
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 300
thread_concurrency = 8
query_cache_size = 32M
query_cache_limit = 2M
query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
default-storage-engine = MyISAM
default_table_type = MyISAM
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
tmp_table_size = 246M
max_heap_table_size = 246M
long_query_time = 1
log_long_format
log-bin = /data0/mysql/3306/binlog
binlog_cache_size = 4M
binlog_format = MIXED
max_binlog_cache_size = 8M
max_binlog_size = 512M
expire_logs_days = 7
key_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover

skip-name-resolve
master-connect-retry = 10
slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396

server-id = 1

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1024M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 128M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_file_per_table = 0
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M

④ 创建管理MySQL数据库的shell脚本
vi /data/mysql/mysqld.sh
输入以下内容：
#!/bin/sh

mysql_port=3306
mysql_username="root"
mysql_password="123456"

function_start_mysql()
{
printf "Starting MySQL.../n"
/bin/sh /usr/local/nginx_server/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/etc/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
}

function_stop_mysql()
{
printf "Stoping MySQL.../n"
/usr/local/nginx_server/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown
}

function_restart_mysql()
{
printf "Restarting MySQL.../n"
function_stop_mysql
sleep 5
function_start_mysql
}

function_kill_mysql()
{
kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')
kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')
}

if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then
function_start_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then
function_stop_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then
function_restart_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "kill" ]; then
function_kill_mysql
else
printf "Usage: /data/mysql/mysqld.sh {start|stop|restart|kill}/n"
fi

⑤、赋予shell脚本可执行权限：
chmod +x /data/mysql/mysql.sh
chown –R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/

⑥ 启动MySQL：
/data/mysql/mysqld.sh start

⑦ 通过命令行登录管理MySQL服务器（提示输入密码时直接回车）：
/usr/local/nginx_server/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock

⑧ 输入以下SQL语句，创建一个具有root权限的用户（root）和密码（123456）：
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

FLUSH PRIVILEGES ;
quit;

⑨、（可选）停止MySQL：
/data/mysql/mysqld.sh stop

3、编译安装PHP（FastCGI模式）
cd /home/soft/nginx_soft/
tar zvfx php-5.2.9.tar.gz
gzip -cd php-5.2.9-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.9 -p1
cd php-5.2.9
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx_server/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/nginx_server/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/nginx_server/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/nginx_server/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/nginx_server/php/etc/php.ini
cd ../

4、编译安装PHP5扩展模块
tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.5
/usr/local/nginx_server/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/nginx_server/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

tar jvfx eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3
/usr/local/nginx_server/php/bin/phpize
./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/nginx_server/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2
/usr/local/nginx_server/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/nginx_server/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/nginx_server/mysql
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz
cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf imagick-2.2.2.tgz
cd imagick-2.2.2/
/usr/local/nginx_server/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/nginx_server/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

5、修改php.ini文件
手工修改：查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"
　　修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/nginx_server/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
　　并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：
　　extension = "memcache.so"
　　extension = "pdo_mysql.so"
　　extension = "imagick.so"

　　再查找output_buffering = Off
　　修改为output_buffering = On

6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP：
mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx_server/eaccelerator_cache
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

　按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：

[eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/usr/local/nginx_server/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="128"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/nginx_server/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="300"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="120"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

修改配置文件：
vi /etc/sysctl.conf

输入以下内容：
kernel.shmmax = 134217728

然后执行以下命令使配置生效：
/sbin/sysctl -p

7、创建www用户和组，以及供shinedoo和linuxserv两个虚拟主机使用的目录：
/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
mkdir -p /data/htdocs/shinedoo
chmod +w /data/htdocs/shinedoo
chown -R www:www /data/htdocs/shinedoo
mkdir -p /data/htdocs/linuxserv
chmod +w /data/htdocs/linuxserv
chown -R www:www /data/htdocs/linuxserv

8、创建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi）：
　　在/usr/local/nginx_server/php/etc/目录中创建php-fpm.conf文件：
rm -f /usr/local/nginx_server/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
vi /usr/local/ngix_server/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
输入以下内容（如果您安装 Nginx + PHP 用于程序调试，请将以下的<value name="display_errors">0</value>改为<value name="display_errors">1</value>，以便显示PHP错误信息，否则，Nginx 会报状态为500的空白错误页）：

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<configuration>

All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix

<section name="global_options">

Pid file
<value name="pid_file">/usr/local/nginx_server/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>

Error log file
<value name="error_log">/usr/local/nginx_server/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>

Log level
<value name="log_level">notice</value>

When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...
<value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value>

... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.
Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.
<value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value>

Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master
<value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value>

Set to 'no' to debug fpm
<value name="daemonize">yes</value>

</section>

<workers>

<section name="pool">

Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.
<value name="name">default</value>

Address to accept fastcgi requests on.
Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'
<value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value>

<value name="listen_options">

Set listen(2) backlog
<value name="backlog">-1</value>

Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.
In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.
Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
<value name="owner"></value>
<value name="group"></value>
<value name="mode">0666</value>
</value>

Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.
<value name="php_defines">
<value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value>
<value name="display_errors">1</value>
</value>

Unix user of processes
<value name="user">www</value>

Unix group of processes
<value name="group">www</value>

Process manager settings
<value name="pm">

Sets style of controling worker process count.
Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'
<value name="style">static</value>

Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.
Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi
Used with any pm_style.
<value name="max_children">128</value>

Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style
<value name="apache_like">

Sets the number of server processes created on startup.
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
<value name="StartServers">20</value>

Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
<value name="MinSpareServers">5</value>

Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
<value name="MaxSpareServers">35</value>

</value>

</value>

The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated
Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason
'0s' means 'off'
<value name="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value>

The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file
'0s' means 'off'
<value name="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value>

The log file for slow requests
<value name="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value>

Set open file desc rlimit
<value name="rlimit_files">51200</value>

Set max core size rlimit
<value name="rlimit_core">0</value>

Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path
<value name="chroot"></value>

Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path
<value name="chdir"></value>

Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.
If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs
<value name="catch_workers_output">yes</value>

How much requests each process should execute before respawn.
Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.
For endless request processing please specify 0
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS
<value name="max_requests">500</value>

Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.
Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)
Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.
<value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value>

Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH
All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment
<value name="environment">
<value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>
<value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>
<value name="TMP">/tmp</value>
<value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value>
<value name="TEMP">/tmp</value>
<value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>
<value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value>
<value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value>
</value>

</section>

</workers>

</configuration>

9、启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口，进程数为200（如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程），用户为www：
ulimit -SHn 51200
/usr/local/nginx_server/php/sbin/php-fpm start

　　注：/usr/local/nginx_server/php/sbin/php-fpm还有其他参数，包括：start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate，修改php.ini后不重启php-cgi，重新加载配置文件使用reload。

三、安装Nginx 0.7.58
　　1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库：
cd /home/soft/nginx_soft/
tar zxvf pcre-7.8.tar.gz
cd pcre-7.8/
./configure
make && make install
cd ../

　2、安装Nginx
tar zxvf nginx-0.7.58.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.7.58/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx_server/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
make && make install
cd ../

3、创建Nginx日志目录
mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/logs
chmod +w /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/logs
chown -R www:www /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/logs

4、创建Nginx配置文件
　　①、在/usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件：
rm -f /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
输入以下内容：

#user nobody;
user www www;
worker_processes 8;

#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;

error_log /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;

pid /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/nginx.pid;

#pid logs/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 51200;
}

http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;

#charset gb2312;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;

sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;

#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;

server
{
listen 80;
server_name blog.s135.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data0/htdocs/blog;

#limit_conn crawler 20;

location ~ .*/.(php|php5)?$
{
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fcgi.conf;
}

location ~ .*/.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 30d;
}

location ~ .*/.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}

log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/logs/access.log access;
}

server
{
listen 80;
server_name www.linuxserv.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/htdocs/linuxserv;

location ~ .*/.(php|php5)?$
{
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fcgi.conf;
}

log_format wwwlogs '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/logs/linuxservlogs.log wwwlogs;
}

server
{
listen 80;
server_name www.edoogo.com;

location / {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
}
}

　②、在/usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件：
vi /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf

　　输入以下内容：

fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;

fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;

5、启动Nginx
ulimit -SHn 51200
/usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/sbin/nginx

四、配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP
vi /etc/rc.local

　　在末尾增加以下内容：
引用
ulimit -SHn 51200
/usr/local/nginx_server/php/sbin/php-fpm start
/usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/sbin/nginx

五、优化Linux内核参数
vi /etc/sysctl.conf

　　在末尾增加以下内容：
引用
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 300
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 5000 65000

　　使配置立即生效：
/sbin/sysctl -p

　六、在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置
　　1、修改/usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后，请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确：
/usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

　　如果屏幕显示以下两行信息，说明配置文件正确：
　　the configuration file /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
　　the configuration file /usr/local/nginx_server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully

　　2、这时，输入以下命令查看Nginx主进程号：
ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep -v "grep" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}'

　　屏幕显示的即为Nginx主进程号，例如：
　　6302
　　这时，执行以下命令即可使修改过的Nginx配置文件生效：
kill -HUP 6302

　　或者无需这么麻烦，找到Nginx的Pid文件：
kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`