基于帧中继point-to-point的单区域OSPF的配置

[align=left]一、场景设置[/align]
[align=left] [/align]



R1、R2、R3[/b]通过[/b]Frame-relay[/b]相连，形成[/b]hub and spoke[/b]网络，[/b]R1[/b]为[/b]hub[/b]路由器，在[/b]R1、R2、R3[/b]上启用[/b]OSPF[/b]。[/b]
[/b]
二、具体配置[/b]
[/b]
1、R1的配置如下：[/b]
Router(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#interface Loopback0
R1(config-if)#ip address 100.100.100.100 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface Loopback1
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface Seria0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 199.99.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 199.99.1.1 102 broadcast
R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 199.99.1.2 102 broadcast
R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 199.99.1.3 103 broadcast
R1(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arp
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#router-id 100.100.100.100
R1(config-router)#log-adjacency-changes
R1(config-router)#network 100.100.100.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 199.99.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#neighbor 199.99.1.2
R1(config-router)#neighbor 199.99.1.3
R1(config-router)#exit

2、R2的配置如下：
Router(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#interface Loopback0
R2(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface Loopback1
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface Serial1/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 199.99.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R2(config-if)#serial restart-delay 0
R2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 199.99.1.1 201 broadcast
R2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 199.99.1.3 201 broadcast
R2(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arp
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2
R2(config-router)#log-adjacency-changes
R2(config-router)#network 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#network 199.99.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#neighbor 199.99.1.1
R2(config-router)#exit

3、R3的配置如下：
Router(config)#hostname R3
R3(config)#interface Loopback0
R3(config-if)#ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#interface Loopback1
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#interface Serial1/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 199.99.1.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R3(config-if)#serial restart-delay 0
R3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 199.99.1.1 301 broadcast
R3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 199.99.1.2 301 broadcast
R3(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arp
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3
R2(config-router)#log-adjacency-changes
R2(config-router)#network 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#network 199.99.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#neighbor 199.99.1.1
[b]R2(config-router)#exit[/b]

###在NBMA环境下，邻居关系是不会自动建立的，所以要手动添加邻居，这样在建立邻居关系的时候发送的不是组播，而是单播。

三、验证配置：

1、使用show ip ospf interface 查看接口：
R1#show ip ospf interface
[align=left]Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up [/align]
[align=left] Internet Address 100.100.100.100/24, Area 0 [/align]
[align=left] Process ID 1, Router ID 100.100.100.100, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 1[/align]
[align=left] Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,[/align]
[align=left] Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5[/align]
[align=left] oob-resync timeout 40[/align]
[align=left] Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)[/align]
[align=left] Index 3/3, flood queue length 0[/align]
[align=left] Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec[/align]
[align=left] Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0 [/align]
[align=left] Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)[/align]
[align=left]Loopback1 is up, line protocol is up [/align]
[align=left] Internet Address 192.168.1.1/24, Area 0 [/align]
[align=left] Process ID 1, Router ID 100.100.100.100, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 1[/align]
[align=left] Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,[/align]
[align=left] Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5[/align]
[align=left] oob-resync timeout 40[/align]
[align=left] Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)[/align]
[align=left] Index 2/2, flood queue length 0[/align]
[align=left] Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec[/align]
[align=left] Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0 [/align]
[align=left] Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)[/align]
[align=left]Serial1/0 is up, line protocol is up [/align]
[align=left] Internet Address 199.99.1.1/24, Area 0 [/align]
[align=left] Process ID 1, Router ID 100.100.100.100, Network Type NON_BROADCAST, Cost: 64[/align]
[align=left] Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1 [/align]
[align=left] Designated Router (ID) 100.100.100.100, Interface address 199.99.1.1 #DR和BDR的选举！[/align]
[align=left] Backup Designated router (ID) 3.3.3.3, Interface address 199.99.1.3[/align]
[align=left] Timer intervals configured, Hello 30, Dead 120, Wait 120, Retransmit 5[/align]
[align=left] oob-resync timeout 120[/align]
[align=left] Hello due in 00:00:28[/align]
[align=left] Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)[/align]
[align=left] Index 1/1, flood queue length 0[/align]
[align=left] Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec[/align]
[align=left] Neighbor Count is 2, Adjacent neighbor count is 2 [/align]
[align=left] Adjacent with neighbor 2.2.2.2[/align]
[align=left] Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3.3 (Backup Designated Router)[/align]
[align=left] Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)[/align]
[align=left][/align]
[align=left]R2#show ip ospf interface [/align]
[align=left]Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up [/align]
[align=left] Internet Address 2.2.2.2/24, Area 0 [/align]
[align=left] Process ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 1[/align]
[align=left] Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,[/align]
[align=left] Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5[/align]
[align=left] oob-resync timeout 40[/align]
[align=left] Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)[/align]
[align=left] Index 3/3, flood queue length 0[/align]
[align=left] Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec[/align]
[align=left] Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0 [/align]
[align=left] Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)[/align]
[align=left]Loopback1 is up, line protocol is up [/align]
[align=left] Internet Address 192.168.2.1/24, Area 0 [/align]
[align=left] Process ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 1[/align]
[align=left] Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,[/align]
[align=left] Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5[/align]
[align=left] oob-resync timeout 40[/align]
[align=left] Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)[/align]
[align=left] Index 2/2, flood queue length 0[/align]
[align=left] Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec[/align]
[align=left] Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0 [/align]
[align=left] Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)[/align]
[align=left]Serial1/0 is up, line protocol is up [/align]
[align=left] Internet Address 199.99.1.2/24, Area 0 [/align]
[align=left] Process ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type NON_BROADCAST, Cost: 64[/align]
[align=left] Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1 [/align]
[align=left] Designated Router (ID) 100.100.100.100, Interface address 199.99.1.1 #DR和BDR的选举！[/align]
[align=left] Backup Designated router (ID) 2.2.2.2, Interface address 199.99.1.2[/align]
[align=left] Timer intervals configured, Hello 30, Dead 120, Wait 120, Retransmit 5[/align]
[align=left] oob-resync timeout 120[/align]
[align=left] Hello due in 00:00:03[/align]
[align=left] Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)[/align]
[align=left] Index 1/1, flood queue length 0[/align]
[align=left] Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec[/align]
[align=left] Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 [/align]
[align=left] Adjacent with neighbor 100.100.100.100 (Designated Router)[/align]
[align=left] Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)[/align]
[align=left][/align]
[align=left]R3#show ip ospf interface [/align]
[align=left]Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up [/align]
[align=left] Internet Address 3.3.3.3/24, Area 0 [/align]
[align=left] Process ID 1, Router ID 3.3.3.3, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 1[/align]
[align=left] Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,[/align]
[align=left] Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5[/align]
[align=left] oob-resync timeout 40[/align]
[align=left] Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)[/align]
[align=left] Index 3/3, flood queue length 0[/align]
[align=left] Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec[/align]
[align=left] Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0 [/align]
[align=left] Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)[/align]
[align=left]Loopback1 is up, line protocol is up [/align]
[align=left] Internet Address 192.168.3.1/24, Area 0 [/align]
[align=left] Process ID 1, Router ID 3.3.3.3, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 1[/align]
[align=left] Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,[/align]
[align=left] Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5[/align]
[align=left] oob-resync timeout 40[/align]
[align=left] Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)[/align]
[align=left] Index 2/2, flood queue length 0[/align]
[align=left] Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec[/align]
[align=left] Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0 [/align]
[align=left] Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)[/align]
[align=left]Serial1/0 is up, line protocol is up [/align]
[align=left] Internet Address 199.99.1.3/24, Area 0 [/align]
[align=left] Process ID 1, Router ID 3.3.3.3, Network Type NON_BROADCAST, Cost: 64[/align]
[align=left] Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1 [/align]
[align=left] Designated Router (ID) 100.100.100.100, Interface address 199.99.1.1 #DR和BDR的选举！[/align]
[align=left] Backup Designated router (ID) 3.3.3.3, Interface address 199.99.1.3[/align]
[align=left] Timer intervals configured, Hello 30, Dead 120, Wait 120, Retransmit 5[/align]
[align=left] oob-resync timeout 120[/align]
[align=left] Hello due in 00:00:25[/align]
[align=left] Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)[/align]
[align=left] Index 1/1, flood queue length 0[/align]
[align=left] Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1[/align]
[align=left] Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec[/align]
[align=left] Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 [/align]
[align=left] Adjacent with neighbor 100.100.100.100 (Designated Router)[/align]
[align=left] Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)[/align]

2、使用show ip ospf nerghbor 查看邻居关系：
[align=left]R1#show ip ospf neighbor[/align]
[align=left][/align]
[align=left]Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface[/align]
[align=left]2.2.2.2 1 FULL/DROTHER 00:01:50 199.99.1.2 Serial1/0[/align]
[align=left]3.3.3.3 1 FULL/BDR 00:01:47 199.99.1.3 Serial1/0[/align]
[align=left][/align]
[align=left][/align]
[align=left]R2#show ip ospf neighbor [/align]
[align=left][/align]
[align=left]Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface[/align]
[align=left]100.100.100.100 1 FULL/DR 00:01:38 199.99.1.1 Serial1/0[/align]
[align=left][/align]
[align=left][/align]
[align=left]R3#show ip ospf neighbor [/align]
[align=left][/align]
[align=left]Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface[/align]
[align=left]100.100.100.100 1 FULL/DR 00:01:33 199.99.1.1 Serial1/0[/align]
[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]###可以发现有DR/BDR的选举！[/align]
[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]3、使用show ip route ospf 查看路由表：[/align]
[align=left]R1#show ip route ospf[/align]
[align=left]O 2.2.2.0 [110/65] via 199.99.1.2, 00:01:40, Serial1/0[/align]
[align=left]O 3.3.3.0 [110/65] via 199.99.1.3, 00:01:40, Serial1/0[/align]
[align=left]O 192.168.2.0/24 [110/65] via 199.99.1.2, 00:01:40, Serial1/0[/align]
[align=left]O 192.168.3.0/24 [110/65] via 199.99.1.3, 00:01:40, Serial1/0[/align]
[align=left][/align]
[align=left]R2#show ip route ospf[/align]
[align=left]O 100.100.100.0 [110/65] via 199.99.1.1, 00:01:45, Serial1/0[/align]
[align=left]O 3.3.3.0 [110/65] via 199.99.1.3, 00:01:45, Serial1/0[/align]
[align=left]O 192.168.1.0/24 [110/65] via 199.99.1.1, 00:01:45, Serial1/0[/align]
[align=left]O 192.168.3.0/24 [110/65] via 199.99.1.3, 00:01:45, Serial1/0[/align]
[align=left][/align]
[align=left]R3#show ip route ospf[/align]
[align=left]O 2.2.2.0 [110/65] via 199.99.1.2, 00:01:41, Serial1/0[/align]
[align=left]O 100.100.100.0 [110/65] via 199.99.1.1, 00:01:41, Serial1/0[/align]
[align=left]O 192.168.1.0/24 [110/65] via 199.99.1.1, 00:01:41, Serial1/0[/align]
[align=left]O 192.168.2.0/24 [110/65] via 199.99.1.2, 00:01:41, Serial1/0[/align]
[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]总结：在NBMA环境下面，接口默认的网络类型为NBMA，邻居关系不会自动建立，需要手动添加邻居，并且有DR/BDR的选举，默认的HELLO时间间隔为30秒，等待时间和死亡时间为HELLO时间间隔的4倍，120秒。[/align]
[align=left]本文出自 “Uione” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://weiqijun.blog.51cto.com/338163/73566[/align]