如何用vb设置默认打印机?

Option Explicit

Public Enum PrinterOrientationConstants
OrientPortrait = 1
OrientLandscape = 2
End Enum
Private Type DEVMODE
dmDeviceName As String * 32
dmSpecVersion As Integer
dmDriverVersion As Integer
dmSize As Integer
dmDriverExtra As Integer
dmFields As Long
dmOrientation As Integer
dmPaperSize As Integer
dmPaperLength As Integer
dmPaperWidth As Integer
dmScale As Integer
dmCopies As Integer
dmDefaultSource As Integer
dmPrintQuality As Integer
dmColor As Integer
dmDuplex As Integer
dmYResolution As Integer
dmTTOption As Integer
dmCollate As Integer
dmFormName As String * 32
dmUnusedPadding As Integer
dmBitsPerPel As Integer
dmPelsWidth As Long
dmPelsHeight As Long
dmDisplayFlags As Long
dmDisplayFrequency As Long
End Type
Private Type PRINTER_DEFAULTS
pDataType As String
pDevMode As Long
DesiredAccess As Long
End Type
Private Type PRINTER_INFO_2
pServerName As Long
pPrinterName As Long
pShareName As Long
pPortName As Long
pDriverName As Long
pComment As Long
pLocation As Long
pDevMode As Long
pSepFile As Long
pPrintProcessor As Long
pDataType As Long
pParameters As Long
pSecurityDescriptor As Long
Attributes As Long
Priority As Long
DefaultPriority As Long
StartTime As Long
UntilTime As Long
Status As Long
cJobs As Long
AveragePPM As Long
End Type

Public Const DMPAPER_A5 = 11

Private Const DM_IN_BUFFER As Long = 8
Private Const DM_OUT_BUFFER As Long = 2
Private Const DM_ORIENTATION As Long = &H1
Private Const DM_PAPERSIZE = &H2&

Private Const PRINTER_ACCESS_ADMINISTER As Long = &H4
Private Const PRINTER_ACCESS_USE As Long = &H8
Private Const STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED As Long = &HF0000
Private Const PRINTER_ALL_ACCESS = (STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED _
Or _
PRINTER_ACCESS_ADMINISTER Or PRINTER_ACCESS_USE)

Private Declare Sub CopyMemory Lib "kernel32" Alias _
"RtlMoveMemory" _
(hpvDest As Any, hpvSource As Any, ByVal _
cbCopy As Long)

Private Declare Function OpenPrinter Lib "winspool.drv" Alias _
"OpenPrinterA" (ByVal pPrinterName As String, phPrinter As _
Long, pDefault As Any) As Long

Private Declare Function ClosePrinter Lib "winspool.drv" _
(ByVal hPrinter As Long) As Long

Private Declare Function DocumentProperties Lib "winspool.drv" _
Alias "DocumentPropertiesA" (ByVal hWnd As Long, ByVal hPrinter _
As Long, _
ByVal pDeviceName As String, pDevModeOutput As _
Any, _
pDevModeInput As Any, _
ByVal fMode As Long) As Long

Private Declare Function GetPrinter Lib "winspool.drv" _
Alias "GetPrinterA" (ByVal hPrinter As Long, ByVal Level As Long, _
pPrinter As Any, ByVal cbBuf As Long, pcbNeeded As Long) As _
Long

Private Declare Function SetPrinter Lib "winspool.drv" _
Alias "SetPrinterA" (ByVal hPrinter As Long, ByVal Level As Long, _
pPrinter As Any, ByVal Command As Long) As Long

Function SetDefaultPrinterOrientation(ByVal eOrientation As _
PrinterOrientationConstants) As Boolean

Dim bDevMode() As Byte
Dim bPrinterInfo2() As Byte
Dim hPrinter As Long
Dim lResult As Long
Dim nSize As Long
Dim sPrnName As String
Dim dm As DEVMODE
Dim pd As PRINTER_DEFAULTS
Dim pi2 As PRINTER_INFO_2

' 获取默认打印机的设备名称
sPrnName = Printer.DeviceName
' 由于要调用SetPrinter，所以
' 如果是在NT下就要求PRINTER_ALL_ACCESS
pd.DesiredAccess = PRINTER_ALL_ACCESS

' 获取打印机句柄
If OpenPrinter(sPrnName, hPrinter, pd) Then
' 获取PRINTER_INFO_2结构要求的字节数

Call GetPrinter(hPrinter, 2&, 0&, 0&, nSize)
ReDim bPrinterInfo2(1 To nSize) As Byte
lResult = GetPrinter(hPrinter, 2, bPrinterInfo2(1), nSize,nSize)
Call CopyMemory(pi2, bPrinterInfo2(1), Len(pi2))
nSize = DocumentProperties(0&, hPrinter, sPrnName, 0&, 0&, 0)
ReDim bDevMode(1 To nSize)
If pi2.pDevMode Then
Call CopyMemory(bDevMode(1), ByVal pi2.pDevMode, Len(dm))
Else
Call DocumentProperties(0&, hPrinter, sPrnName, bDevMode(1),0&, DM_OUT_BUFFER)
End If

Call CopyMemory(dm, bDevMode(1), Len(dm))
With dm
' 设置新的走向
.dmOrientation = eOrientation
.dmFields = DM_ORIENTATION
'.dmPaperSize = DMPAPER_A5 将纸张大小设为A5，请自行更改所需大小
'.dmFields = DM_PAPERSIZE 必须，否则无法设置纸张大小
End With
Call CopyMemory(bDevMode(1), dm, Len(dm))

Call DocumentProperties(0&, hPrinter, sPrnName, _
bDevMode(1), bDevMode(1), DM_IN_BUFFER Or _
DM_OUT_BUFFER)

pi2.pDevMode = VarPtr(bDevMode(1))

lResult = SetPrinter(hPrinter, 2, pi2, 0&)

Call ClosePrinter(hPrinter)
SetDefaultPrinterOrientation = True
Else
SetDefaultPrinterOrientation = False
End If

End Function

在打印或预览之前直接调用SetDefaultPrinterOrientation 打印走向常数。注意：红色注释部分用于改变纸张的大小。

这个解决方案仍有两个问题：

1。对有些型号的打印机不起作用，例如佳能的BJC-265SP
2。即使是在预浏DR时，也必须改变打印机的设置。这时如果有其它使用打印机默认设 置的程序(如Notepad)要进行打印作业，就可能造成混乱。

尽管如此，这个方法是目前唯一好用的方法。
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
下面这个函数你可以直接使用，对9x/2000/xp均有效。使用方法：
GetSystemDefaultPrinter(szOldDefaultPrinter, &dwBufferSize); //先保存原来的默认打印机
SetSystemDefaultPrinter(pJobInfo->szPrinterName);//设置成你的打印机
/* 打印 */
SetSystemDefaultPrinter(szOldDefaultPrinter); //恢复原来的打印机

BOOL SetSystemDefaultPrinter(LPTSTR pPrinterName)
{
BOOL bFlag = FALSE;
LONG lResult = 0;
DWORD dwNeeded = 0;
LPTSTR pBuffer = NULL;
HANDLE hPrinter = NULL;
OSVERSIONINFO stOsvInfo = {0};
PRINTER_INFO_2* pstPrintInfo2 = NULL;

stOsvInfo.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO);
GetVersionEx(&stOsvInfo);

if(!pPrinterName)
{
return FALSE;
}

if(stOsvInfo.dwPlatformId == VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_WINDOWS) //Win9x
{
// Open this printer so we can get information about it
bFlag = OpenPrinter(pPrinterName, &hPrinter, NULL);
if(!bFlag || hPrinter==NULL)
{
return FALSE;
}

GetPrinter(hPrinter, 2, 0, 0, &dwNeeded);
if(dwNeeded == 0)
{
ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
return FALSE;
}

pstPrintInfo2 = (PRINTER_INFO_2 *)GlobalAlloc(GPTR, dwNeeded);
if(pstPrintInfo2 == NULL)
{
ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
return FALSE;
}

bFlag = GetPrinter(hPrinter, 2, (LPBYTE)pstPrintInfo2, dwNeeded, &dwNeeded);
if(!bFlag)
{
ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
GlobalFree(pstPrintInfo2);
return FALSE;
}

// Set default printer attribute for this printer...
pstPrintInfo2->Attributes |= PRINTER_ATTRIBUTE_DEFAULT;
bFlag = SetPrinter(hPrinter, 2, (LPBYTE)pstPrintInfo2, 0);
if(!bFlag)
{
ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
GlobalFree(pstPrintInfo2);
return FALSE;
}

lResult =
SendMessageTimeout(HWND_BROADCAST, WM_SETTINGCHANGE, 0L, (LPARAM)(LPCTSTR)"windows", SMTO_NORMAL, 1000, NULL);
}
else if (stOsvInfo.dwPlatformId == VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT)
{
#if(WINVER >= 0x0500)
if(stOsvInfo.dwMajorVersion >= 5) // Windows 2000 or later...
{
bFlag = SetDefaultPrinter(pPrinterName);
if(!bFlag)
{
return FALSE;
}
}
else // NT4.0 or earlier...
#endif
{
bFlag = OpenPrinter(pPrinterName, &hPrinter, NULL);
if(!bFlag || hPrinter==NULL)
{
return FALSE;
}

GetPrinter(hPrinter, 2, 0, 0, &dwNeeded);
if(dwNeeded == 0)
{
ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
return FALSE;
}

pstPrintInfo2 = (PRINTER_INFO_2*)GlobalAlloc(GPTR, dwNeeded);
if(pstPrintInfo2 == NULL)
{
ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
return FALSE;
}

bFlag = GetPrinter(hPrinter, 2, (LPBYTE)pstPrintInfo2, dwNeeded, &dwNeeded);
if((!bFlag) || (!pstPrintInfo2->pDriverName) || (!pstPrintInfo2->pPortName))
{
ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
GlobalFree(pstPrintInfo2);
return FALSE;
}

pBuffer =
(LPTSTR)GlobalAlloc(GPTR, lstrlen(pPrinterName)+lstrlen(pstPrintInfo2->pDriverName)+lstrlen(pstPrintInfo2->pPortName)+3);
if(pBuffer == NULL)
{
ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
GlobalFree(pstPrintInfo2);
return FALSE;
}

// Build string in form "printername,drivername,portname"
lstrcpy(pBuffer, pPrinterName); lstrcat(pBuffer, ",");
lstrcat(pBuffer, pstPrintInfo2->pDriverName); lstrcat(pBuffer, ",");
lstrcat(pBuffer, pstPrintInfo2->pPortName);

bFlag = WriteProfileString("windows", "device", pBuffer);
if(!bFlag)
{
ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
GlobalFree(pstPrintInfo2);
GlobalFree(pBuffer);
return FALSE;
}
}

lResult =
SendMessageTimeout(HWND_BROADCAST, WM_SETTINGCHANGE, 0L, 0L, SMTO_NORMAL, 1000, NULL);
}

if(hPrinter)
{
ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
}
if(pstPrintInfo2)
{
GlobalFree(pstPrintInfo2);
}
if(pBuffer)
{
GlobalFree(pBuffer);
}

return TRUE;
}