Java/WebService 入门与使用

一、下载

我们可以从学习Axis开始。

Axis is essentially a SOAP engine -- a framework for constructing SOAP processors such as clients, servers, gateways, etc. The current version of Axis is written in Java, but a C++ implementation of the client side of Axis is being developed.

SOAP is an XML-based communication protocol and encoding format for inter-application communication.

到Apache的网站就可以下载到axis

二、准备开发

2.1 开发环境

使用Eclipse建立Dynamic Web Applicaiton项目"wsexample"，目录如下

* 源路径 src/webservice

* 目标路径 WebContent/WEB-INF/classes

* 库路径 WebContent/WEB-INF/lib

把下列文件复制到库路径中

axis.jar

commons-discovery-0.2.jar

commons-logging-1.1.jar

jaxrpc.jar

saaj.jar

wsdl4j-1.5.1.jar

xerces.jar

并且把这些*.jar添加到Build Path

2.2 新建一个测试类（服务端）

package samland.webservice.demo;

public class HelloWorld {

public String sayHello(){

return "Hello world!";

}

public String echo(String u){

return "Hello " + u;

}

}

2.3 建立一个测试类（客户端）

package samland.webservice.demo;

import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

import org.apache.axis.client.Call;

import org.apache.axis.client.Service;

public class TestHello {

public static void main(String [] args) {

try {

String endpoint =

"http://localhost:8080/wsexample/services/HelloWorld";

Service service = new Service();

Call call = (Call) service.createCall();

call.setTargetEndpointAddress( new java.net.URL(endpoint) );

call.setOperationName(new QName("http://demo.webservice.samland/", "echo"));

String ret = (String) call.invoke( new Object[] { "Samland" } );

System.out.println("Sent 'Hello!', got '" + ret + "'");

} catch (Exception e) {

System.err.println(e.toString());

}

}

}

三、发布webservice服务

3.1 新建一个WebService

New->Other...

Web Services->Web Service

Next:

选择一个WebService服务类，即HelloWorld。

Service implementation: samland.webservice.demo.HelloWorld

Configuration:

Server: Tomcat v5.5

Web service runtime: Apache Axis

Service project:wsexample

Next: 下一步

Finish: 完成

Eclipse将会启动Tomcat v5.5

打开浏览器访问http://localhost:8080/wsexample/services/HelloWorld?wsdl即可看到已经发布的WebService描述

3.2 运行TestHello，成功的话就可以看到

Sent 'Samland', got 'Hello Samland'

完成。