Java虚拟机（JVM）参数配置说明

在Java、J2EE大型应用中，JVM非标准参数的配置直接关系到整个系统的性能。
JVM非标准参数指的是JVM底层的一些配置参数，这些参数在一般开发中默认即可，不需要任何配置。但是在生产环境中，为了提高性能，往往需要调整这些参数，以求系统达到最佳新能。
另外这些参数的配置也是影响系统稳定性的一个重要因素，相信大多数Java开发人员都见过“OutOfMemory”类型的错误。呵呵，这其中很可能就是JVM参数配置不当或者就没有配置没意识到配置引起的。

为了说明这些参数，还需要说说JDK中的命令行工具一些知识做铺垫。

首先看如何获取这些命令配置信息说明：
假设你是windows平台，你安装了J2SDK，那么现在你从cmd控制台窗口进入J2SDK安装目录下的bin目录，然后运行java命令，出现如下结果，这些就是包括java.exe工具的和JVM的所有命令都在里面。

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D:/j2sdk15/bin>java
Usage: java [-options] class [args...]
(to execute a class)
or java [-options] -jar jarfile [args...]
(to execute a jar file)

where options include:
-client to select the "client" VM
-server to select the "server" VM
-hotspot is a synonym for the "client" VM [deprecated]
The default VM is client.

-cp <class search path of directories and zip/jar files>
-classpath <class search path of directories and zip/jar files>
A ; separated list of directories, JAR archives,
and ZIP archives to search for class files.
-D<name>=<value>
set a system property
-verbose[:class|gc|jni]
enable verbose output
-version print product version and exit
-version:<value>
require the specified version to run
-showversion print product version and continue
-jre-restrict-search | -jre-no-restrict-search
include/exclude user private JREs in the version search
-? -help print this help message
-X print help on non-standard options
-ea[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]
-enableassertions[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]
enable assertions
-da[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]
-disableassertions[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]
disable assertions
-esa | -enablesystemassertions
enable system assertions
-dsa | -disablesystemassertions
disable system assertions
-agentlib:<libname>[=<options>]
load native agent library <libname>, e.g. -agentlib:hprof
see also, -agentlib:jdwp=help and -agentlib:hprof=help
-agentpath:<pathname>[=<options>]
load native agent library by full pathname
-javaagent:<jarpath>[=<options>]
load Java programming language agent, see java.lang.instrument
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在控制台输出信息中，有个-X（注意是大写）的命令，这个正是查看JVM配置参数的命令。

其次，用java -X 命令查看JVM的配置说明：
运行后如下结果，这些就是配置JVM参数的秘密武器，这些信息都是英文的，为了方便阅读，我根据自己的理解翻译成中文了（不准确的地方还请各位博友斧正）
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D:/j2sdk15/bin>java -X
-Xmixed mixed mode execution (default)
-Xint interpreted mode execution only
-Xbootclasspath:<directories and zip/jar files separated by ;>
set search path for bootstrap classes and resources
-Xbootclasspath/a:<directories and zip/jar files separated by ;>
append to end of bootstrap class path
-Xbootclasspath/p:<directories and zip/jar files separated by ;>
prepend in front of bootstrap class path
-Xnoclassgc disable class garbage collection
-Xincgc enable incremental garbage collection
-Xloggc:<file> log GC status to a file with time stamps
-Xbatch disable background compilation
-Xms<size> set initial Java heap size
-Xmx<size> set maximum Java heap size
-Xss<size> set java thread stack size
-Xprof output cpu profiling data
-Xfuture enable strictest checks, anticipating future default
-Xrs reduce use of OS signals by Java/VM (see documentation)
-Xcheck:jni perform additional checks for JNI functions
-Xshare:off do not attempt to use shared class data
-Xshare:auto use shared class data if possible (default)
-Xshare:on require using shared class data, otherwise fail.

The -X options are non-standard and subject to change without notice.
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JVM配置参数中文说明：

1、-Xmixed mixed mode execution (default)
混合模式执行

2、-Xint interpreted mode execution only
解释模式执行

3、-Xbootclasspath:<directories and zip/jar files separated by ;>
set search path for bootstrap classes and resources
设置zip/jar资源或者类（.class文件）存放目录路径

3、-Xbootclasspath/a:<directories and zip/jar files separated by ;>
append to end of bootstrap class path
追加zip/jar资源或者类（.class文件）存放目录路径

4、-Xbootclasspath/p:<directories and zip/jar files separated by ;>
prepend in front of bootstrap class path
预先加载zip/jar资源或者类（.class文件）存放目录路径

5、-Xnoclassgc disable class garbage collection
关闭类垃圾回收功能

6、-Xincgc enable incremental garbage collection
开启类的垃圾回收功能

7、-Xloggc:<file> log GC status to a file with time stamps

记录垃圾回日志到一个文件。

8、-Xbatch disable background compilation
关闭后台编译

9、-Xms<size> set initial Java heap size
设置JVM初始化堆内存大小

10、-Xmx<size> set maximum Java heap size
设置JVM最大的堆内存大小

11、-Xss<size> set java thread stack size
设置JVM栈内存大小

12、-Xprof output cpu profiling data
输入CPU概要表数据

13、-Xfuture enable strictest checks, anticipating future default
执行严格的代码检查，预测可能出现的情况

14、-Xrs reduce use of OS signals by Java/VM (see documentation)
通过JVM还原操作系统信号

15、-Xcheck:jni perform additional checks for JNI functions
对JNI函数执行检查

16、-Xshare:off do not attempt to use shared class data
尽可能不去使用共享类的数据

17、-Xshare:auto use shared class data if possible (default)
尽可能的使用共享类的数据

18、-Xshare:on require using shared class data, otherwise fail.
尽可能的使用共享类的数据，否则运行失败

The -X options are non-standard and subject to change without notice.
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