Oracle 9i和10g在create index和rebuild index的统计信息的区别

http://rdc.taobao.com/blog/dba/html/192_differencts_for_statistics_create_or_rebuild_index_9i_10g.html

在9.2.0.6和10.2.0.4做了个小小的试验，演示9i和10g对于create index和rebuild index时统计信息的区别。这里列出试验的过程，由于结果比较明显，就懒得写太多文字做说明了。其中tbsql是一个常用脚本的集成环境，tbsql tabstat用户输出一个表以及列和索引的信息，其实就是关联dba_tables/dba_indexes/dba_tab_columns的一个查询。

先来看9.2.0.6的情况：

SQL> create table t as select * from all_objects;
Table created.
SQL> create index t_id on t(object_id);
Index created.

$tbsql tabstat t
Table    Number           Empty  Average    Chain  Average
OWNER      Name    of Rows  Blocks  Blocks    Space    Count  Row Len
---------- ------ -------- ------- ------- -------- -------- --------
SYS        T
Column             Column                   Distinct
Name               Details                    Values Density
------------------ ------------------------ -------- -------
OWNER              VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL
OBJECT_NAME        VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL
SUBOBJECT_NAME     VARCHAR2(30)
OBJECT_ID          NUMBER(22) NOT NULL
DATA_OBJECT_ID     NUMBER(22)
OBJECT_TYPE        VARCHAR2(18)
CREATED            DATE NOT NULL
LAST_DDL_TIME      DATE NOT NULL
TIMESTAMP          VARCHAR2(19)
STATUS             VARCHAR2(7)
TEMPORARY          VARCHAR2(1)
GENERATED          VARCHAR2(1)
SECONDARY          VARCHAR2(1)
13 rows selected.
B                          Average     Average
Index                Tree  Leaf       Distinct Leaf Blocks Data Blocks Cluster
Name      Unique    Level  Blks           Keys     Per Key     Per Key  Factor
--------- --------- ----- ----- -------------- ----------- ----------- -------
T_ID      NONUNIQUE
Index     Column           Col Column
Name      Name             Pos Details
--------- --------------- ---- ------------------------
T_ID      OBJECT_ID                 1 NUMBER(22) NOT NULL

可以看到到表，列和索引都没有统计信息。

SQL> alter index t_id rebuild online compute statistics;
Index altered.

$tbsql tabstat t
Table    Number           Empty  Average    Chain  Average
OWNER   Name    of Rows  Blocks  Blocks    Space    Count  Row Len
------- ------ -------- ------- ------- -------- -------- --------
SYS     T        25,420     348       0        0        0      100
Column            Column                    Distinct
Name              Details                     Values Density
----------------- ------------------------ --------- -------
OWNER             VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL
OBJECT_NAME       VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL
SUBOBJECT_NAME    VARCHAR2(30)
OBJECT_ID         NUMBER(22) NOT NULL         25,420       0
DATA_OBJECT_ID    NUMBER(22)
OBJECT_TYPE       VARCHAR2(18)
CREATED           DATE NOT NULL
LAST_DDL_TIME     DATE NOT NULL
TIMESTAMP         VARCHAR2(19)
STATUS            VARCHAR2(7)
TEMPORARY         VARCHAR2(1)
GENERATED         VARCHAR2(1)
SECONDARY         VARCHAR2(1)
13 rows selected.
B                     Average     Average
Index               Tree  Leaf  Distinct Leaf Blocks Data Blocks Cluster
Name     Unique    Level  Blks      Keys     Per Key     Per Key  Factor
-------- --------- ----- ----- --------- ----------- ----------- -------
T_ID     NONUNIQUE     1    56    25,420           1           1  22,731
Index   Column      Col Column
Name    Name        Pos Details
------- ---------- ---- ------------------------
T_ID    OBJECT_ID     1 NUMBER(22) NOT NULL

注意到表，object_id列和索引都有统计信息了

再来看10.2.0.4的情况

SQL> create table t as select * from all_objects;
Table created.
SQL> create index t_id on t(object_id);
Index created.

$tbsql tabstat t
Table     Number           Empty  Average  Chain  Average
OWNER      Name     of Rows  Blocks  Blocks    Space  Count  Row Len
---------- ------- -------- ------- ------- -------- ------ --------
SYS        T
Column           Column                   Distinct
Name             Details                    Values Density
---------------- ----------------------- --------- -------
OWNER            VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL
OBJECT_NAME      VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL
SUBOBJECT_NAME   VARCHAR2(30)
OBJECT_ID        NUMBER(22) NOT NULL
DATA_OBJECT_ID   NUMBER(22)
OBJECT_TYPE      VARCHAR2(19)
CREATED          DATE NOT NULL
LAST_DDL_TIME    DATE NOT NULL
TIMESTAMP        VARCHAR2(19)
STATUS           VARCHAR2(7)
TEMPORARY        VARCHAR2(1)
GENERATED        VARCHAR2(1)
SECONDARY        VARCHAR2(1)
13 rows selected.
B                      Average     Average
Index              Tree   Leaf  Distinct Leaf Blocks Data Blocks  Cluster
Name    Unique    Level   Blks      Keys     Per Key     Per Key   Factor
------- --------- ----- ------ --------- ----------- ----------- --------
T_ID    NONUNIQUE     1     21     9,610           1           1      134
Index     Column        Col Column
Name      Name          Pos Details
--------- ------------ ---- ------------------------
T_ID      OBJECT_ID       1 NUMBER(22) NOT NULL

注意到表和列都没有统计信息，而索引有统计信息

SQL> alter index t_id rebuild online compute statistics;
Index altered.

$tbsql tabstat t
Table     Number           Empty  Average   Chain  Average
OWNER   Name     of Rows  Blocks  Blocks    Space   Count  Row Len
------- ------- -------- ------- ------- -------- ------- --------
SYS     T
Column            Column                       Distinct
Name              Details                        Values Density
----------------- ------------------------ ------------ -------
OWNER             VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL
OBJECT_NAME       VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL
SUBOBJECT_NAME    VARCHAR2(30)
OBJECT_ID         NUMBER(22) NOT NULL
DATA_OBJECT_ID    NUMBER(22)
OBJECT_TYPE       VARCHAR2(19)
CREATED           DATE NOT NULL
LAST_DDL_TIME     DATE NOT NULL
TIMESTAMP         VARCHAR2(19)
STATUS            VARCHAR2(7)
TEMPORARY         VARCHAR2(1)
GENERATED         VARCHAR2(1)
SECONDARY         VARCHAR2(1)
13 rows selected.
B                       Average     Average
Index               Tree   Leaf   Distinct Leaf Blocks Data Blocks  Cluster
Name     Unique    Level   Blks       Keys     Per Key     Per Key   Factor
-------- --------- ----- ------ ---------- ----------- ----------- --------
T_ID     NONUNIQUE     1     21      9,610           1           1      134
Index      Column         Col Column
Name       Name           Pos Details
---------- ------------- ---- ------------------------
T_ID       OBJECT_ID        1 NUMBER(22) NOT NULL

注意到表和列还是没有统计信息，索引有统计信息。

应该说，10g的处理方式要更加合理一些。我只是alert index rebuild online compute statistics，9i却同时收集了表，列和索引的统计信息，这有点属于自做主张，而10g则正确的按照语法，只计算了索引的统计信息。有个时候，收集列的统计信息，可能导致执行计划选择错误，尤其是这个列是递增列的时候，一定要注意到9i和10g的这个差异。