自动检测并行 Java 程序中的错误

package sample;
class Value
{
private int x;
public Value()
{
x = 0;
}
public synchronized void add (Value v)
{
x = x + v.get();
}
public int get() {return x;}
}
class Task extends Thread
{
Value v1, v2;
public Task (Value v1, Value v2)
{
this.v1 = v1;
this.v2 = v2;
}
public void run() {v1.add(v2);}
}
public class DataRace
{
public static void main (String[] args) throws InterruptedException
{
Value v1 = new Value ();
Value v2 = new Value ();
Thread t1 = new Task(v1, v2);
Thread t2 = new Task (v2, v1);
t1.start();
t2.start();
t1.join();
t2.join();
}
}

$ mtrat -cp . sample.DataRace
Data Race 1 : 3 : sample/Value : x
Thread Thread-3 id: 7 : WRITE
sample.Value : get : 15
sample.Value : add : 15
sample.Task : run : 32
Thread Thread-4 id: 8 : READ
sample.Value : get : 18
sample.Value : add : 15
sample.Task : run : 32
Data Race 2 : 4 : sample/Value : x
Thread Thread-3 id: 7 : READ
sample.Value : get : 15
sample.Value : add : 15
sample.Task : run : 32
Thread Thread-4 id: 8 : WRITE
sample.Value : get : 15
sample.Value : add : 15
sample.Task : run : 32

class T3 extends Thread
{
StringBuffer L1;
StringBuffer L2;
public T3(StringBuffer L1, StringBuffer L2)
{
this.L1 = L1;
this.L2 = L2;
}
public void run()
{
synchronized (L1)
{
synchronized (L2)
{
}
}
}
}
public class Deadlock
{
void harness2() throws InterruptedException
{
StringBuffer L1 = new StringBuffer("L1");
StringBuffer L2 = new StringBuffer("L2");
Thread t1 = new T3(L1, L2);
Thread t2 = new T3(L2, L1);
t1.start();
t2.start();
t1.join();
t2.join();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException
{
Deadlock dlt = new Deadlock();
dlt.harness2();
}
}

$ mtrat -Dcom.ibm.mtrat.deadlock=true  -cp . sample.Deadlock
Thread 7 : Acquire L1 L2
Dead Lock 1
Thread 7, acquired lock1 -> try lock2  sample/T3  line 109
Thread 8, acquired lock2 -> try lock1  sample/T3  line 109
Thread 8 : Acquire L2 L1

void harness2() throws InterruptedException
{
StringBuffer L1 = new StringBuffer("L1");
StringBuffer L2 = new StringBuffer("L2");
Thread t1 = new T3(L1, L2);
Thread t2 = new T3(L1, L2);
t1.start();
t2.start();
t1.join();
t2.join();
}