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【java】:对属性文件的读写操作，中文字符解决方案

2008-11-20 15:09 477 查看

以前一直能看到一些关于配置文件读写出现乱码或者说是不支持中文的问题，昨天突然间有个想法，想看看properties源代码中对于配置文件的读写到底是怎么操作的？研究了一天，终于实现对于*.config和*.properties类型的配置文件完全支持中文，今天我就把研究成果和大家分享一下，也想抛砖引玉，看看大家还有什么好的解决办法。

首先：对properties类的以下代码做一下修改
主要是修改saveConvert()方法和loadConvert()方法，大家可以自己建立一个类，然后把properties类的代码拷贝过

来，然后修改这两个方法就可以了。或者直接将我下面的代码拷贝过去就可以了。
我也试过自己建立一个类，然后继承properties类，并且覆盖其中的saveConvert()方法和loadConvert()方法，但是

这种方法行不通，原因是properties类中的很多函数之间都是相互套用的。
修改后的properties类的代码如下所示：
package xiaotang.util;
import java.util.*;
package xiaotang.util;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.*;
/**
*
* Title: 
*
* Description: 
*
* Copyright: Copyright (c) 2005
*
* Company: 哈尔滨商业大学
*
* @author Onlyfor_love
* @version 1.0
*/

public class PropertiesExt extends Hashtable {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 4112578634029874840L;
protected PropertiesExt defaults;
public PropertiesExt() {
this(null);
}
public PropertiesExt(PropertiesExt defaults) {
this.defaults = defaults;
}
public synchronized Object setProperty(String key, String value) {
return put(key, value);
}

private static final String keyValueSeparators = "=: /t/r/n/f";

private static final String strictKeyValueSeparators = "=:";

private static final String specialSaveChars = "=: /t/r/n/f#!";

private static final String whiteSpaceChars = " /t/r/n/f";

public synchronized void load(InputStream inStream) throws IOException {
//把所有的8859-1全部换成GBK，原先这里的编码格式都是8859-1
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inStream, "GBK"));
while (true) {
// Get next line
String line = in.readLine();
if (line == null)
return;

if (line.length() > 0) {

// Find start of key
int len = line.length();
int keyStart;
for (keyStart=0; keyStart<len; keyStart++)
if (whiteSpaceChars.indexOf(line.charAt(keyStart)) == -1)
break;

// Blank lines are ignored
if (keyStart == len)
continue;

// Continue lines that end in slashes if they are not comments
char firstChar = line.charAt(keyStart);
if ((firstChar != '#') && (firstChar != '!')) {
while (continueLine(line)) {
String nextLine = in.readLine();
if (nextLine == null)
nextLine = "";
String loppedLine = line.substring(0, len-1);
// Advance beyond whitespace on new line
int startIndex;
for (startIndex=0; startIndex<nextLine.length(); startIndex++)
if (whiteSpaceChars.indexOf(nextLine.charAt(startIndex)) == -1)
break;
nextLine = nextLine.substring(startIndex,nextLine.length());
line = new String(loppedLine+nextLine);
len = line.length();
}

// Find separation between key and value
int separatorIndex;
for (separatorIndex=keyStart; separatorIndex<len; separatorIndex++) {
char currentChar = line.charAt(separatorIndex);
if (currentChar == '//')
separatorIndex++;
else if (keyValueSeparators.indexOf(currentChar) != -1)
break;
}

// Skip over whitespace after key if any
int valueIndex;
for (valueIndex=separatorIndex; valueIndex<len; valueIndex++)
if (whiteSpaceChars.indexOf(line.charAt(valueIndex)) == -1)
break;

// Skip over one non whitespace key value separators if any
if (valueIndex < len)
if (strictKeyValueSeparators.indexOf(line.charAt(valueIndex)) != -1)
valueIndex++;

// Skip over white space after other separators if any
while (valueIndex < len) {
if (whiteSpaceChars.indexOf(line.charAt(valueIndex)) == -1)
break;
valueIndex++;
}
String key = line.substring(keyStart, separatorIndex);
String value = (separatorIndex < len) ? line.substring(valueIndex, len) : "";

// Convert then store key and value
key = loadConvert(key);
value = loadConvert(value);
put(key, value);
}
}
}
}

/*
* Returns true if the given line is a line that must
* be appended to the next line
*/
private boolean continueLine(String line) {
int slashCount = 0;
int index = line.length() - 1;
while ((index >= 0) && (line.charAt(index--) == '//'))
slashCount++;
return (slashCount % 2 == 1);
}

/**
*
* Title: 
*
* Description: 
*
* Copyright: Copyright (c) 2005
*
* Company: 哈尔滨商业大学
*
* @author Onlyfor_love
* @version 1.0
*/
private String loadConvert(String theString) {
//该功能主要是将存储的key和value提取出来，因为存储的中文在原来的properties类中被转换成了别的编码
//存储的中文在*.properties文件中以乱码出现
char aChar;
int len = theString.length();
StringBuffer outBuffer = new StringBuffer(len);
//
// for (int x=0; x<len; ) {
// aChar = theString.charAt(x++);
// if (aChar == '//') {
// aChar = theString.charAt(x++);
// if (aChar == 'u') {
// // Read the xxxx
// int value=0;
// for (int i=0; i<4; i++) {
// aChar = theString.charAt(x++);
// switch (aChar) {
// case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
// case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
// value = (value << 4) + aChar - '0';
// break;
// case 'a': case 'b': case 'c':
// case 'd': case 'e': case 'f':
// value = (value << 4) + 10 + aChar - 'a';
// break;
// case 'A': case 'B': case 'C':
// case 'D': case 'E': case 'F':
// value = (value << 4) + 10 + aChar - 'A';
// break;
// default:
// throw new IllegalArgumentException(
// "Malformed //uxxxx encoding.");
// }
// }
// outBuffer.append((char)value);
// } else {
// if (aChar == 't') aChar = '/t';
// else if (aChar == 'r') aChar = '/r';
// else if (aChar == 'n') aChar = '/n';
// else if (aChar == 'f') aChar = '/f';
// outBuffer.append(aChar);
// }
// } else
outBuffer.append(theString);
// }
return outBuffer.toString();
}
/**
*
* Title: 
*
* Description: 
*
* Copyright: Copyright (c) 2005
*
* Company: 哈尔滨商业大学
*
* @author Onlyfor_love
* @version 1.0
*/

private String saveConvert(String theString, boolean escapeSpace) {
//该功能主要是将存储key和value，因为中文的存储在原来的properties类中被转换成了别的编码
//存储的中文在*.properties文件中以乱码出现
int len = theString.length();
StringBuffer outBuffer = new StringBuffer(len*2);
outBuffer.append(theString);

// for(int x=0; x<len; x++) {
// char aChar = theString.charAt(x);
// switch(aChar) {
// case ' ':
// if (x == 0 || escapeSpace)
// outBuffer.append('//');
//
// outBuffer.append(' ');
// break;
// case '//':outBuffer.append('//'); outBuffer.append('//');
// break;
// case '/t':outBuffer.append('//'); outBuffer.append('t');
// break;
// case '/n':outBuffer.append('//'); outBuffer.append('n');
// break;
// case '/r':outBuffer.append('//'); outBuffer.append('r');
// break;
// case '/f':outBuffer.append('//'); outBuffer.append('f');
// break;
// default:
//
// if ((aChar < 0x0020) || (aChar > 0x007e)) {
// outBuffer.append('//');
// outBuffer.append('u');
// outBuffer.append(toHex((aChar >> 12) & 0xF));
// outBuffer.append(toHex((aChar >> 8) & 0xF));
// outBuffer.append(toHex((aChar >> 4) & 0xF));
// outBuffer.append(toHex( aChar & 0xF));
// } else {
// if (specialSaveChars.indexOf(aChar) != -1)
// outBuffer.append('//');
// outBuffer.append(aChar);
// }
// }
// }
return outBuffer.toString();
}

/**
* Calls the <code>store(OutputStream out, String header)</code> method
* and suppresses IOExceptions that were thrown.
*
* @deprecated This method does not throw an IOException if an I/O error
* occurs while saving the property list. As of the Java 2 platform v1.2, the preferred
* way to save a properties list is via the <code>store(OutputStream out,
* String header)</code> method.
*
* @param out an output stream.
* @param header a description of the property list.
* @exception ClassCastException if this <code>Properties</code> object
* contains any keys or values that are not <code>Strings</code>.
*/
public synchronized void save(OutputStream out, String header) {
try {
store(out, header);
} catch (IOException e) {
}
}

public synchronized void store(OutputStream out, String header)
throws IOException
{
BufferedWriter awriter;
awriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out, "GBK"));
if (header != null)
writeln(awriter, "#" + header);
writeln(awriter, "#" + new Date().toString());
for (Enumeration e = keys(); e.hasMoreElements();) {
String key = (String)e.nextElement();
String val = (String)get(key);
key = saveConvert(key, false);

/* No need to escape embedded and trailing spaces for value, hence
* pass false to flag.
*/
val = saveConvert(val, false);
writeln(awriter, key + "=" + val);
}
awriter.flush();
}

private static void writeln(BufferedWriter bw, String s) throws IOException {
bw.write(s);
bw.newLine();
}

public String getProperty(String key) {
Object oval = super.get(key);
String sval = (oval instanceof String) ? (String)oval : null;
return ((sval == null) && (defaults != null)) ? defaults.getProperty(key) : sval;
}

public String getProperty(String key, String defaultValue) {
String val = getProperty(key);
return (val == null) ? defaultValue : val;
}

public Enumeration propertyNames() {
Hashtable h = new Hashtable();
enumerate(h);
return h.keys();
}

public void list(PrintStream out) {
out.println("-- listing properties --");
Hashtable h = new Hashtable();
enumerate(h);
for (Enumeration e = h.keys() ; e.hasMoreElements() ;) {
String key = (String)e.nextElement();
String val = (String)h.get(key);
if (val.length() > 40) {
val = val.substring(0, 37) + "...";
}
out.println(key + "=" + val);
}
}

public void list(PrintWriter out) {
out.println("-- listing properties --");
Hashtable h = new Hashtable();
enumerate(h);
for (Enumeration e = h.keys() ; e.hasMoreElements() ;) {
String key = (String)e.nextElement();
String val = (String)h.get(key);
if (val.length() > 40) {
val = val.substring(0, 37) + "...";
}
out.println(key + "=" + val);
}
}

private synchronized void enumerate(Hashtable h) {
if (defaults != null) {
defaults.enumerate(h);
}
for (Enumeration e = keys() ; e.hasMoreElements() ;) {
String key = (String)e.nextElement();
h.put(key, get(key));
}
}

private static char toHex(int nibble) {
return hexDigit[(nibble & 0xF)];
}

/** A table of hex digits */
private static final char[] hexDigit = {
'0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','A','B','C','D','E','F'
};
}

然后写一个常用的配置文件操作类：
package xiaotang.util;
import java.io.*;

public class writeToProperty {
private String fileName;
private PropertiesExt prop = new PropertiesExt();
private InputStream fileStream = null;
private OutputStream outStream = null;
/**
*构造函数
* @param fileName 文件名字，包含路径
*/
public writeToProperty(String fileName) {
this.fileName = fileName;
}

//读取文件，不存在则创建文件
private void readFile() {
try {
File f = new File(fileName);
fileStream = new FileInputStream(f);
prop.load(fileStream);
}
catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally {
try {
if (fileStream != null)
fileStream.close();
}
catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}

}

private void writeFile() {
try {
File f = new File(fileName);
outStream = new FileOutputStream(f);
}
catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

/**
* 返回指定key的vlaue
* @param key
* @return
*/
public String getValue(String key) {
readFile();
if (key != null && !key.equals(""))
return prop.getProperty(key);
else
return "";
}

/**
*返回指定key的vlaue,如果key不存在则返回defaultValue值
* @param key
* @param defaultValue
* @return
*/
public String getValue(String key, String defaultValue) {
if (key != null && !key.equals(""))
return prop.getProperty(key, defaultValue);
else
return "";
}

/**
* 设置对应key的数值，如果key存在的覆盖value的数值，如果key不存则创建
* @param key
* @param value
*/
public void setValue(String key, String value) {
readFile();
writeFile();
prop.setProperty(key, value);
try {
prop.store(outStream, "GBK");
}
catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
finally {
try {
outStream.close();
}
catch (IOException ex1) {
ex1.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
接着写一个测试类就可以了：
package xiaotang.util;

import xiaotang.util.PropertiesExt;
import java.io.*;
/**
*
* Title: 
*
* Description: 
*
* Copyright: Copyright (c) 2005
*
* Company: 哈尔滨商业大学
*
* @author Onlyfor_love
* @version 1.0
*/
public class PropertyFile {
public static void main(String[] args) {
writeToProperty wt = new writeToProperty("d://hello.properties");
//writeToProperty wt = new writeToProperty("d://hello.config");
wt.setValue("一","我是谁？");
wt.setValue("二","我是陈晓棠");
String one = wt.getValue("一");
String two = wt.getValue("二");
System.out.println(one);
System.out.println(two);
}

}
回头你再看看你的配置文件，中文依然是中文。

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标签： java string properties import whitespace header

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