C#实现串口通信

一个小项目中应用到的串口通信,把核心源码整理一下.
C#实现串口通信其实非常简单，用到的类SerialPort ,引用的命名空间System.IO.Ports.SerialPort类中主要用到的属性，有一下几个：
PortName 通信端口名称
BaudRate 串行波特率
DataBits 每个字节的标准数据位长度
Parity 奇偶校验检查协议
StopBits 每个字节的标准停止位数
HandShaking 串行端口数据传输的握手协议
SerialPort方法：
Open 打开一个新的串行端口连接
Write 将数据写入串行端口输出缓冲区
WriteLine 将指定的字符串和NewLine值输出缓冲区
Read 从缓冲区读取数据
ReadLine 一直读取到输入缓冲区中的NewLine值

将SerialPort的类操作封装了一下，呵呵，见下类SerialPortCommunication using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Threading;
namespace SerialPortComm
{
public class SerialPortCommunication
{
#region SerialPort 基本设置
/// <summary>
/// 端口号
/// </summary>
public string PortName = "COM1";
/// <summary>
/// 波特率
/// </summary>
public Int32 BaudRate = 9600;
/// <summary>
/// 数据位
/// </summary>
public int DataBits = 8;
/// <summary>
/// 校验位
/// </summary>
public string Paritys = "None";
/// <summary>
/// 停止位
/// </summary>
public string StopBits = "One";
/// <summary>
/// 握手协议
/// </summary>
public string HandShaking = "None";
#endregion

private Thread thread = null;
SerialPort serialPort = new SerialPort();

public bool KeepRead = true;
/// <summary>
/// 接受数据
/// </summary>
public event SerialPortEventHandler ReceivedData;

/// <summary>
/// 异常处理
/// </summary>
public event SerialPortEventHandler SerialPortException;

public SerialPortCommunication(string portName)
{
PortName = portName;

//构造函数初始化

SerialPortSetting spSetting = new SerialPortSetting("config.xml");
PortConfig pConfig = spSetting.GetSerialPortName(PortName);
if (pConfig == null)
{
pConfig = new PortConfig();
pConfig.PortName = this.PortName;
spSetting.AddSerialPort(pConfig);//不存在则添加默认配置
}
//加载配置信息
this.BaudRate = Int32.Parse(pConfig.BaudRate);
this.DataBits = int.Parse(pConfig.DataBits);
this.Paritys = pConfig.Paritys;
this.StopBits = pConfig.StopBits;
this.HandShaking = pConfig.HandShaking;
}

/// <summary>
/// 打开端口
/// </summary>
public void Open()
{
serialPort.Encoding = Encoding.UTF8;//编码

serialPort.PortName = PortName;
serialPort.BaudRate = BaudRate;
serialPort.DataBits = DataBits;
serialPort.Parity = (Parity)Enum.Parse(typeof(Parity), Paritys);
serialPort.StopBits = (StopBits)Enum.Parse(typeof(StopBits), StopBits);
serialPort.Handshake = (Handshake)Enum.Parse(typeof(Handshake), HandShaking);

serialPort.WriteTimeout = 100;
serialPort.ReadTimeout = 100;

if (serialPort.IsOpen)
{
serialPort.Close();
}
try
{
serialPort.Open();
Start();
}
catch
{
SerialPortException(this, new SerialPortEventArgs(serialPort.PortName, "打开异常,端口已经存在或已经占用！"));
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 返回端口打开状态
/// </summary>
public bool IsOpen
{
get { return serialPort.IsOpen; }
}

/// <summary>
/// 发送字符串
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sendStrings"></param>
public void SendLine(string sendStrings)
{
serialPort.WriteLine(sendStrings);

}

/// <summary>
/// 发送字符串
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sendStrings"></param>
public void Send(string sendStrings)
{
serialPort.Write(sendStrings);

}

/// <summary>
/// 发送字符串(开始和结束的字符串)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sendStrings">发送的字符串</param>
/// <param name="StartStrings">开始字符串</param>
/// <param name="EndStrings">结束字符串</param>
public void Send(string sendStrings, string StartStrings, string EndStrings)
{
serialPort.Write(StartStrings + sendStrings + EndStrings);
}

/// <summary>
/// 关闭端口
/// </summary>
public void Close()
{
if (thread != null && serialPort != null)
{
KeepRead = false;
thread.Join();
thread = null;
serialPort.Close();
serialPort = null;
}
}

//接受数据处理
public void ReceiveProcess()
{
while (KeepRead)
{
if (serialPort.IsOpen)
{
try
{
string ReceiveLine = serialPort.ReadLine();
ReceivedData(this, new SerialPortEventArgs(serialPort.PortName, ReceiveLine));
}
catch
{
//超时
}
}
}
}

private void Start()
{
if (KeepRead)
{
thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ReceiveProcess));
thread.Start();
}
}

}
}

下面代码主要为 SerialPortCommunication 事件的参数
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace SerialPortComm
{

/// <summary>
/// SerialPort事件处理委托
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
public delegate void SerialPortEventHandler(object sender, SerialPortEventArgs e);

/// <summary>
/// 事件参数
/// </summary>
public class SerialPortEventArgs : EventArgs
{

private string _Message;

private string _PortName;
/// <summary>
/// 消息
/// </summary>
public string Message
{
set { _Message = value; }
get { return _Message; }
}

/// <summary>
/// 端口名
/// </summary>
public string PortName
{
set { _PortName = value; }
get { return _PortName; }
}

/// <summary>
/// 构造函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="portName">端口名称</param>
/// <param name="message">消息内容</param>
public SerialPortEventArgs(string portName, string message)
{
this.PortName = portName;
this.Message = message;
}

}
}

XML配置类SerialPortSetting 代码略，可以见前一篇文章...

PS.1.通信双放设置必须一致；2.计算机与计算机串口通信时候记得用交叉线。