简单C# DGI绘图:时钟 (透明pictureBox解决抖动问题)

以前用VC++设计过时钟，也用flash做过，也在web上结合js做过，采用的思路是在直接绘制，当然是画圆、描点采用计数器来定时绘制时针、分针和秒针。

这里是在C#中采用GDI绘图来完成，结合pictureBox来解决了普通的抖动、闪烁问题。

解决方法：

1 当然是在表单上拖置一个pictureBox控件，这里暂且name = pictureBox1

2 重载OnPaint方法：protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)

3 设置定时器timer， name =timer1, 响应timer1_Tick(),并在事件中重绘pictureBox

[也可以用Threading来sleep方法来定时]

pictureBox1.Invalidate();

4 [关键]在OnPaint()方法中绘制表盘和刻度等

5 [关键]将 pictureBox的设置为透明。属性->>backcolor->>web->>Transparent

完整代码如下：

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Data;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;

using System.Text;

using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace clock

{

public partial class Form1 : Form

{

private Graphics g;

private Pen pen;

private FontFamily MyFamily;

private Font MyFont;

private int w;

private int h;

public Form1()

{

InitializeComponent();

}

private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

timer_Second.Start(); //开启定时器

timer_Second.Interval = 1000; //间隔为毫秒，即秒

}

protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)

{

base.OnPaint(e);

g = e.Graphics;

g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.AntiAlias; //

g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.HighQuality;//绘图模式默认为粗糙模式，将会出现锯齿！

w = pictureBox1.Width;

h = pictureBox1.Height;

int x1 = pictureBox1.Location.X;

int y1 = pictureBox1.Location.Y;

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------------

计算：整点刻度个，每个刻度偏移角度为/12 = 30 度及为小时偏移角度

分秒刻度为个，每个刻度偏移角度为/60 = 6 度及为分、秒偏移角度

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

g.FillEllipse(Brushes.Black, x1+2,y1+2, w - 4, h - 4); //外圆

MyFamily = new System.Drawing.FontFamily("Impact"); //字体

MyFont = new System.Drawing.Font(MyFamily, 20, FontStyle.Bold, GraphicsUnit.Pixel);

g.DrawString("HOCYLAN", MyFont, Brushes.Yellow, x1 + w-180, y1 + h -100);

MyFamily = new System.Drawing.FontFamily("Times New Roman");

MyFont = new System.Drawing.Font(MyFamily, 14, FontStyle.Bold, GraphicsUnit.Pixel);

pen = new Pen(Color.White, 2);

g.DrawEllipse(pen, x1+7, y1+7, w - 13, h - 13);// 内圆

g.TranslateTransform(x1+(w / 2),y1+(h / 2));//重新设置坐标原点

g.FillEllipse(Brushes.White, -5,-5, 10, 10);//绘制表盘中心

//g.TranslateTransform(w/2,h/2);

for (int x = 0; x < 60; x++) //小刻度

{

g.FillRectangle(Brushes.White, new Rectangle(-2, (System.Convert.ToInt16(h- 8) / 2 - 2) * (-1), 3, 10));

g.RotateTransform(6);//偏移角度

}

for (int i = 12; i > 0; i--) //大刻度

{

string myString = i.ToString();

//绘制整点刻度

g.FillRectangle(Brushes.White, new Rectangle(-3, (System.Convert.ToInt16(h - 8) / 2 - 2) * (-1), 6, 20));

//绘制数值

g.DrawString(myString, MyFont, Brushes.White, new PointF(myString.Length * (-6),( h - 8) / -2 + 26));

//顺时针旋转度

g.RotateTransform(-30);//偏移角度

}

}

private void pictureBox1_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e)

{

g = e.Graphics;

//绘图模式默认为粗糙模式，将会出现锯齿！

g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.AntiAlias;

g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.HighQuality;

g.TranslateTransform(w / 2, h / 2);//重新设置坐标原点

//获得系统时间值

int second = DateTime.Now.Second;

int minute = DateTime.Now.Minute;

int hour = DateTime.Now.Hour;

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

每秒偏移度，秒针偏移=当前秒*6

每分偏移读，分针偏移= 当前分*6+当前秒*（/60）

每小时偏移读，时针偏移= 当前时*30+当前分*（/60）+当前秒*（/60/60）

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

//绘秒针

pen = new Pen(Color.White, 1);

pen.EndCap = LineCap.ArrowAnchor;

g.RotateTransform(6 * second);

float y = (float)((-1) * (h / 2.75));

g.DrawLine(pen, new PointF(0, 0), new PointF((float)0, y));

////绘分针

pen = new Pen(Color.White, 4);

// pen.EndCap = LineCap.ArrowAnchor;

g.RotateTransform(-6 * second); //恢复系统偏移量，再计算下次偏移

g.RotateTransform((float)(second*0.1+minute*6));

y = (float)((-1) * ((h-20) / 2.75));

g.DrawLine(pen, new PointF(0, 0), new PointF((float)0, y));

////绘时针

pen = new Pen(Color.White, 6);

// pen.EndCap = LineCap.ArrowAnchor;

g.RotateTransform((float)(-second * 0.1 - minute * 6));//恢复系统偏移量，再计算下次偏移

g.RotateTransform((float)(second * 0.01 + minute * 0.1+hour*30));

y = (float)((-1) * ((h-35) / 2.75));

g.DrawLine(pen, new PointF(0, 0), new PointF((float)0, y));

}

private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

pictureBox1.Invalidate();//只重新绘制pictureBox

}

}

}

最后执行结果如下：