Fedora 7(Linux)下 Apache+PHP+MySQL+Subversion 开发测试环境配置过程

安装Fedora 7

我是使用Fedora 7 Live在VMWare 6种安装的，具体的安装过程参见：http://0123.blog.163.com/blog/478831200751884210367.track

技巧：如果使用Live并且在VMWare中安装，那么在安装的时候分配内存尽量的多，这样可以加快安装速度。安装完后再分配给128M或者256M内存进行使用就可以了（视自己情况）。

注意：VMWare 5.5/VMWare Server 1.03以及更低的版本SCSI硬盘在Fedora 7中不被支持。建议升级到VMWare 6,如果由于其他原因不能升级的，可以把虚拟机中的SCSI硬盘换成IDE硬盘进行安装。

关闭图形界面

因为用于开发测试使用，所以没有必要使用图形环境，固将其关闭，以减少资源占用。

编辑/etc/inittab文件：

[root@webapp ~]# cat /etc/inittab # # inittab This file describes how the INIT process should set up # the system in a certain run-level. # # Author: Miquel van Smoorenburg, <miquels@drinkel.nl.mugnet.org> # Modified for RHS Linux by Marc Ewing and Donnie Barnes # # Default runlevel. The runlevels used by RHS are: # 0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this) # 1 - Single user mode # 2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not have networking) # 3 - Full multiuser mode # 4 - unused # 5 - X11 # 6 - reboot (Do NOT set initdefault to this) # id:3:initdefault: # System initialization. si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 0 l1:1:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 1 l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 2 l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 3 l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 4 l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 5 l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 6 # Trap CTRL-ALT-DELETE ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now # When our UPS tells us power has failed, assume we have a few minutes # of power left. Schedule a shutdown for 2 minutes from now. # This does, of course, assume you have powerd installed and your # UPS connected and working correctly. pf::powerfail:/sbin/shutdown -f -h +2 "Power Failure; System Shutting Down" # If power was restored before the shutdown kicked in, cancel it. pr:12345:powerokwait:/sbin/shutdown -c "Power Restored; Shutdown Cancelled" # Run gettys in standard runlevels 1:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty1 2:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty2 3:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty3 4:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty4 5:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty5 6:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty6 # Run xdm in runlevel 5 x:5:respawn:/etc/X11/prefdm -nodaemon

安装所需软件

装完Fedora 7后默认已经安装了Apache,所以我们需要安装的是php和Mysql以及subversion：

安装PHP

[root@webapp ~]# yum install php Loading "installonlyn" plugin Setting up Install Process Parsing package install arguments primary.sqlite.bz2 100% |=========================| 56 kB 00:44 http://fr2.rpmfind.net/linux/fedora/releases/7/Everything/i386/os/repodata/primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 4] Socket Error: timed out Trying other mirror. primary.sqlite.bz2 100% |=========================| 3.8 MB 12:26 updates 100% |=========================| 1.9 kB 00:00 primary.sqlite.bz2 100% |=========================| 770 kB 02:05 Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package php.i386 0:5.2.2-3 set to be updated --> Processing Dependency: php-common = 5.2.2-3 for package: php --> Processing Dependency: php-cli = 5.2.2-3 for package: php --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Running transaction check ---> Package php-common.i386 0:5.2.2-3 set to be updated ---> Package php-cli.i386 0:5.2.2-3 set to be updated Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Installing: php i386 5.2.2-3 fedora 1.3 M Installing for dependencies: php-cli i386 5.2.2-3 fedora 2.5 M php-common i386 5.2.2-3 fedora 205 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================= Install 3 Package(s) Update 0 Package(s) Remove 0 Package(s) Total download size: 4.0 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/3): php-cli-5.2.2-3.i3 100% |=========================| 2.5 MB 08:15 (2/3): php-common-5.2.2-3 100% |=========================| 205 kB 00:38 (3/3): php-5.2.2-3.i386.r 100% |=========================| 1.3 MB 04:44 warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 4f2a6fd2 Importing GPG key 0x4F2A6FD2 "Fedora Project <fedora@redhat.com>" from /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora Is this ok [y/N]: y Importing GPG key 0xDB42A60E "Red Hat, Inc <security@redhat.com>" from /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY Is this ok [y/N]: y Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing: php-common ######################### [1/3] Installing: php-cli ######################### [2/3] Installing: php ######################### [3/3] Installed: php.i386 0:5.2.2-3 Dependency Installed: php-cli.i386 0:5.2.2-3 php-common.i386 0:5.2.2-3 Complete!

安装Mysql 5

[root@webapp ~]# yum install mysql-server Loading "installonlyn" plugin Setting up Install Process Parsing package install arguments Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-server.i386 0:5.0.37-2.fc7 set to be updated --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.15 for package: mysql-server --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.15 for package: mysql-server --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.15(libmysqlclient_15) for package: mysql-server --> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-server --> Processing Dependency: mysql = 5.0.37-2.fc7 for package: mysql-server --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.15(libmysqlclient_15) for package: mysql-server --> Processing Dependency: perl-DBI for package: mysql-server --> Processing Dependency: perl-DBD-MySQL for package: mysql-server --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql.i386 0:5.0.37-2.fc7 set to be updated ---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.i386 0:3.0008-1.fc7 set to be updated ---> Package perl-DBI.i386 0:1.53-2.fc7 set to be updated ---> Package mysql-libs.i386 0:5.0.37-2.fc7 set to be updated Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Installing: mysql-server i386 5.0.37-2.fc7 fedora 10 M Installing for dependencies: mysql i386 5.0.37-2.fc7 fedora 2.0 M mysql-libs i386 5.0.37-2.fc7 fedora 1.5 M perl-DBD-MySQL i386 3.0008-1.fc7 fedora 148 k perl-DBI i386 1.53-2.fc7 fedora 611 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================= Install 5 Package(s) Update 0 Package(s) Remove 0 Package(s) Total download size: 14 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/5): mysql-libs-5.0.37- 100% |=========================| 0 B 00:57 http://ftp.hostrino.com/pub/fedora/linux/releases/7/Everything/i386/os/Fedora/mysql-libs-5.0.37-2.fc7.i386.rpm: [Errno 4] Socket Error: timed out Trying other mirror. (1/5): mysql-libs-5.0.37- 100% |=========================| 1.5 MB 06:52 (2/5): perl-DBI-1.53-2.fc 100% |=========================| 611 kB 02:17 (3/5): perl-DBD-MySQL-3.0 100% |=========================| 148 kB 00:45 (4/5): mysql-5.0.37-2.fc7 100% |=========================| 2.0 MB 07:47 (5/5): mysql-server-5.0.3 100% |=========================| 10 MB 31:09 Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing: mysql-libs ######################### [1/5] Installing: perl-DBI ######################### [2/5] Installing: mysql ######################### [3/5] Installing: perl-DBD-MySQL ######################### [4/5] Installing: mysql-server ######################### [5/5] Installed: mysql-server.i386 0:5.0.37-2.fc7 Dependency Installed: mysql.i386 0:5.0.37-2.fc7 mysql-libs.i386 0:5.0.37-2.fc7 perl-DBD-MySQL.i386 0:3.0008-1.fc7 perl-DBI.i386 0:1.53-2.fc7 Complete!

安装Subversion

[root@webapp ~]# yum install subversion Loading "installonlyn" plugin Setting up Install Process Parsing package install arguments fedora 100% |=========================| 2.1 kB 00:00 updates 100% |=========================| 1.9 kB 00:00 Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package subversion.i386 0:1.4.3-4 set to be updated --> Processing Dependency: libneon.so.25 for package: subversion --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Running transaction check ---> Package neon.i386 0:0.25.5-6 set to be updated Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Installing: subversion i386 1.4.3-4 fedora 2.3 M Installing for dependencies: neon i386 0.25.5-6 fedora 95 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================= Install 2 Package(s) Update 0 Package(s) Remove 0 Package(s) Total download size: 2.4 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/2): neon-0.25.5-6.i386 100% |=========================| 95 kB 00:22 (2/2): subversion-1.4.3-4 100% |=========================| 2.3 MB 07:27 Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing: neon ######################### [1/2] Installing: subversion ######################### [2/2] Installed: subversion.i386 0:1.4.3-4 Dependency Installed: neon.i386 0:0.25.5-6 Complete!

安装php-mysql链接库

[root@dev ~]# yum install php-mysql Loading "installonlyn" plugin Setting up Install Process Parsing package install arguments Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package php-mysql.i386 0:5.2.2-3 set to be updated --> Processing Dependency: php-pdo for package: php-mysql --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Running transaction check ---> Package php-pdo.i386 0:5.2.2-3 set to be updated Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Installing: php-mysql i386 5.2.2-3 fedora 78 k Installing for dependencies: php-pdo i386 5.2.2-3 fedora 58 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================= Install 2 Package(s) Update 0 Package(s) Remove 0 Package(s) Total download size: 136 k Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/2): php-mysql-5.2.2-3. 100% |=========================| 78 kB 00:02 (2/2): php-pdo-5.2.2-3.i3 100% |=========================| 58 kB 00:01 Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing: php-pdo ######################### [1/2] Installing: php-mysql ######################### [2/2] Installed: php-mysql.i386 0:5.2.2-3 Dependency Installed: php-pdo.i386 0:5.2.2-3 Complete!

配置mysql

编辑/etc/my.cnf

[mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock user=mysql # Default to using old password format for compatibility with mysql 3.x # clients (those using the mysqlclient10 compatibility package). old_passwords=1 default-character-set=utf8 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid [client] default-character-set=utf8

配置subversion

我的svn库位置放在 /shanmin/svn,请根据自己保存的位置更改相应的命令

创建svn库：svnadmin create /shanmin/svn/

编辑/shanmin/svn/conf/svnserve.conf，把匿名权限设置为none,验证权限设置为write,并且使用passwd验证用户，修改完的代码：

[root@dev conf]# cat svnserve.conf ### This file controls the configuration of the svnserve daemon, if you ### use it to allow access to this repository. (If you only allow ### access through http: and/or file: URLs, then this file is ### irrelevant.) ### Visit http://subversion.tigris.org/ for more information. [general] ### These options control access to the repository for unauthenticated ### and authenticated users. Valid values are "write", "read", ### and "none". The sample settings below are the defaults. anon-access = none auth-access = write ### The password-db option controls the location of the password ### database file. Unless you specify a path starting with a /, ### the file's location is relative to the conf directory. ### Uncomment the line below to use the default password file. password-db = passwd ### The authz-db option controls the location of the authorization ### rules for path-based access control. Unless you specify a path ### starting with a /, the file's location is relative to the conf ### directory. If you don't specify an authz-db, no path-based access ### control is done. ### Uncomment the line below to use the default authorization file. # authz-db = authz ### This option specifies the authentication realm of the repository. ### If two repositories have the same authentication realm, they should ### have the same password database, and vice versa. The default realm ### is repository's uuid. # realm = My First Repository

设置passwd文件

[root@dev conf]# cat passwd ### This file is an example password file for svnserve. ### Its format is similar to that of svnserve.conf. As shown in the ### example below it contains one section labelled [users]. ### The name and password for each user follow, one account per line. [users] harry = harryssecret # sally = sallyssecret

passwd文件中，格式是 用户名=密码

设置自动发布.这个是用于我们远程提交到svn的代码，自动的发布到apache的目录下，这样我们就可以把提交代码和ftp合并成一个了（这也是我为什么在整个安装过程未提及FTP的原因）。

在/shanmin/svn/hooks下增加post-commit文件。（这里我的web目录为/var/www/html）

[root@dev hooks]# cat post-commit #!/bin/sh export LANG=en_US.UTF-8 /usr/bin/svn update /var/www/html

把这个文件设置成可执行文件。例如：chmod 777 post-commit

打开所需服务，关闭无用服务

根据我的习惯，我使用setup关闭和打开了几个服务。（注：因为我把Fedora7放在VMWare里面，所以我尽量的让Fedora7少占资源，把能关的服务都关掉）（从默认开始）

autofs 关闭。不使用移动存储设备就关掉这个。

bluetooth 关闭。没有蓝牙设备，没有任何用处。

cpuspeed 关闭。用于CPU降速的，如果CPU不支持降速就关掉这个。

httpd 打开

iptables 关闭。因为是在内网开发测试使用，所以防火墙基本上没有什么用途。

ip6tables 关闭。没有使用ipv6

isdn 关闭。没有使用ISDN

irqbalance 关闭。不在多CPU环境下，这个服务没有什么用处。

mysqld 打开

netfs 关闭。如果不使用网络挂接就关掉。

yum-updatest 关闭。这个用于自动升级提醒，不进图形界面就没有用处。

运行Subversion服务

默认没有给svn提供一个开启的服务，所以我们得手动添加到rc.local文件中（其实完全可以不使用svn服务,而使用Apache。但是因为开发测试环境也在Apache下，我会影响开发，所以一直使用单独的svn服务）。

编辑/etc/rc.local文件，加入svn服务器运行命令

[root@dev ~]# cat /etc/rc.local #!/bin/sh # # This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts. # You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't # want to do the full Sys V style init stuff. touch /var/lock/subsys/local svnserve -d -r /shanmin/svn

重起服务器,做最后设置和测试

把svn中的数据取到apache目录下：

[root@dev ~]# svn checkout svn://127.0.0.1/ /var/www/html/

验证是否正常取出

[root@dev ~]# ll /var/www/html/ -a
total 24
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 2007-06-24 17:08 .
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 2007-05-26 03:46 ..
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 2007-06-24 17:08 .svn

如果有.svn目录证明正常取出。

配置mysql远程管理，默认mysql的root在本机管理，简单起见，我都是把localhost改为%

[root@dev ~]# mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or /g. Your MySQL connection id is 5 Server version: 5.0.37 Source distribution Type 'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the buffer. mysql> use mysql Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> update user set host='%' where host='localhost' and user='root'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql>

完成。