如何恢复一个只有完好数据文件的数据库？

在没有控制文件备份的情况下，重新创建控制文件也是其中一个选择。本文旨在帮助初学者学习之用，谢谢！！
　　如何恢复一个只有完好数据文件的数据库？

　　本文欲将此数据文件恢复成数据库TTI，实例名TTI

　　$ORACLE_HOME=d:oracleora92

　　1、创建相关目录

　　d:oracleoradatatti --拷贝数据文件到此目录下，如果没有redolog文件，需要手工创建

d:oracleadminttibdump


d:oracleadmintticdump


d:oracleadmintticreate


d:oracleadminttipfile


d:oracleadminttiudump

　　2、创建初始化文件（本例的初始化文件D:oracleadminttipfileinit.ora）

　　可拷贝现有数据库的初始化文件进行修改，主要修改内容如下：

db_name=tti


background_dump_dest=D:oracleadminttibdump


core_dump_dest=D:oracleadmintticdump


timed_statistics=TRUE


user_dump_dest=D:oracleadminttiudump


control_files=("D:oracleoradatattiCONTROL01.CTL", "D:oracleoradatattiCONTROL02.CTL", "D:oracleoradatattiCONTROL03.CTL")


instance_name=tti


dispatchers="(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ttiXDB)"

　　3、创建实例及密码文件

开始-〉执行-〉cmd


D:>oradim.exe -new -sid tti -startmode m




D:>orapwd.exe file=d:oracleora92databasePWDtti.ora password=zlw001

　　4、添加监听和连接

　　1）在d:oracleora92networkadminlistener.ora中的SID_LIST_LISTENER下面添加如下内容：

(SID_DESC =


(GLOBAL_DBNAME = tti)


(ORACLE_HOME = D:oracleora92)


(SID_NAME = tti)


)

　　2）在d:oracleora92networkadmintnsnames.ora中添加如下内容：
　　（这里注意：如果你的d:oracleora92networkadminsqlnet.ora中的参数
NAMES.DEFAULT_DOMAIN = ###，则你的tnsnames.ora中下面的title那里也要改为tti.###）

tti = #title


(DESCRIPTION =


(ADDRESS_LIST =


(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = MIS011)(PORT = 1521))


)


(CONNECT_DATA =


(SERVER = DEDICATED)


(SERVICE_NAME = tti)


)


)

　5、开始重建控制文件

　　1）在类似的数据库(比如数据库名称"rman")上执行：
　　alter database backup controlfile to trace;
　　然后在D:oracleadminrmanudump下找到最新的trace文件，以文本方式打开，找到类似下面的一段话:

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CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "rman" NORESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG


-- SET STANDBY TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE


MAXLOGFILES 50


MAXLOGMEMBERS 5


MAXDATAFILES 100


MAXINSTANCES 1


MAXLOGHISTORY 226


LOGFILE


GROUP 1 'D:ORACLEORADATARMANREDO01.LOG' SIZE 100M,


GROUP 2 'D:ORACLEORADATARMANREDO02.LOG' SIZE 100M,


GROUP 3 'D:ORACLEORADATARMANREDO03.LOG' SIZE 100M


-- STANDBY LOGFILE


DATAFILE


'D:ORACLEORADATARMANSYSTEM01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATARMANUNDOTBS01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATARMANCWMLITE01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATARMANDRSYS01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATARMANEXAMPLE01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATARMANINDX01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATARMANODM01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATARMANTOOLS01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATARMANUSERS01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATARMANXDB01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATARMANTEST.ORA'


CHARACTER SET WE8MSWIN1252

　　2）将上面这段话修改为如下：

STARTUP NOMOUNT


CREATE CONTROLFILE set DATABASE "tti" RESETLOGS --注意这里要"set"


-- SET STANDBY TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE


MAXLOGFILES 50


MAXLOGMEMBERS 5


MAXDATAFILES 100


MAXINSTANCES 1


MAXLOGHISTORY 226


LOGFILE


GROUP 1 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiREDO01.LOG' SIZE 100M,


GROUP 2 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiREDO02.LOG' SIZE 100M,


GROUP 3 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiREDO03.LOG' SIZE 100M


-- STANDBY LOGFILE


DATAFILE


'D:ORACLEORADATAttiSYSTEM01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATAttiUNDOTBS01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATAttiCWMLITE01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATAttiDRSYS01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATAttiEXAMPLE01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATAttiINDX01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATAttiODM01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATAttiTOOLS01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATAttiUSERS01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATAttiXDB01.DBF',


'D:ORACLEORADATAttiTEST.ORA'


CHARACTER SET WE8MSWIN1252

3）开始重建控制文件

D:>sqlplus/nolog




SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Nov 16 09:08:19 2006




Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.




SQL> conn sys/zlw001@tti as sysdba;


Connected to an idle instance.


SQL> startup nomount pfile=d:oracleadminttipfileinit.ora;


ORACLE instance started.




Total System Global Area 135338868 bytes


Fixed Size 453492 bytes


Variable Size 109051904 bytes


Database Buffers 25165824 bytes


Redo Buffers 667648 bytes


SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE set DATABASE "tti" RESETLOGS


2 -- SET STANDBY TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE


3 MAXLOGFILES 50


4 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5


5 MAXDATAFILES 100


6 MAXINSTANCES 1


7 MAXLOGHISTORY 226


8 LOGFILE


9 GROUP 1 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiREDO01.LOG' SIZE 100M,


10 GROUP 2 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiREDO02.LOG' SIZE 100M,


11 GROUP 3 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiREDO03.LOG' SIZE 100M


12 -- STANDBY LOGFILE


13 DATAFILE


14 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiSYSTEM01.DBF',


15 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiUNDOTBS01.DBF',


16 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiCWMLITE01.DBF',


17 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiDRSYS01.DBF',


18 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiEXAMPLE01.DBF',


19 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiINDX01.DBF',


20 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiODM01.DBF',


21 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiTOOLS01.DBF',


22 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiUSERS01.DBF',


23 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiXDB01.DBF',


24 'D:ORACLEORADATAttiTEST.ORA'


25 CHARACTER SET WE8MSWIN1252;




Control file created.




SQL> alter database open resetlogs;




Database altered.




SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;




INSTANCE_NAME STATUS


---------------- ------------


tti OPEN




SQL> select ts#,name from v$datafile;




file# NAME


--------- --------------------------------------------


1 D:ORACLEORADATATTISYSTEM01.DBF


2 D:ORACLEORADATATTIUNDOTBS01.DBF


3 D:ORACLEORADATATTICWMLITE01.DBF


4 D:ORACLEORADATATTIDRSYS01.DBF


5 D:ORACLEORADATATTIEXAMPLE01.DBF


6 D:ORACLEORADATATTIINDX01.DBF


7 D:ORACLEORADATATTIODM01.DBF


8 D:ORACLEORADATATTITOOLS01.DBF


9 D:ORACLEORADATATTIUSERS01.DBF


10 D:ORACLEORADATATTIXDB01.DBF


11 D:ORACLEORADATATTITEST.ORA






11 rows selected.




SQL>

　　至此全部结束！