利用 WMI 修改计算机的网络设置

利用 WMI 修改计算机的网络设置
Montaque（侯永锋）

申明： 1、个人的一点心得，仅供参考 2、转载时候，请保留原本

概述：
在前面的文章中，简要的介绍了如何利用 WMI 获取系统的软硬件设置，有兴趣的可以参考上篇文章（http://www.csdn.net/develop/read_article.asp?id=15744）。今天，我们就如何利用编程的方式读写系统的网络设置，主要包括本地网卡的 IP 地址、网络掩码以及 DNS 服务器和网关等。主要利用Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration WMI 类。

思路：
ManagementObject 类表示数据管理对象，通过利用WQL(WMI Query Language) 筛选符合条件的管理对象，然后调用Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration 类的设置方法。对于 ManagementObject 对象，可以把调用方法的名称和参数传递给InvokeMethod 方法，以获得对管理对象类的方法调用。

Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration 类包含了计算机网络适配器设置相关的一些属性和方法。该类支持与具体网络适配器无关的 TCP/IP 协议和 IPX 协议管理的一些方法和属性。
下面列出了一些 Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration 的属性（托管对象格式）

class Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration : CIM_Setting

{

boolean ArpAlwaysSourceRoute;

boolean ArpUseEtherSNAP;

string Caption;

string DatabasePath;

boolean DeadGWDetectEnabled;

string DefaultIPGateway[];

uint8 DefaultTOS;

uint8 DefaultTTL;

string Description;

boolean DHCPEnabled;

datetime DHCPLeaseExpires;

datetime DHCPLeaseObtained;

string DHCPServer;

string DNSDomain;

string DNSDomainSuffixSearchOrder[];

boolean DNSEnabledForWINSResolution;

string DNSHostName;

string DNSServerSearchOrder[];

boolean DomainDNSRegistrationEnabled;

uint32 ForwardBufferMemory;

boolean FullDNSRegistrationEnabled;

uint16 GatewayCostMetric[];

uint8 IGMPLevel;

uint32 Index;

uint32 InterfaceIndex;

string IPAddress[];

uint32 IPConnectionMetric;

boolean IPEnabled;

boolean IPFilterSecurityEnabled;

boolean IPPortSecurityEnabled;

string IPSecPermitIPProtocols[];

string IPSecPermitTCPPorts[];

string IPSecPermitUDPPorts[];

string IPSubnet[];

boolean IPUseZeroBroadcast;

string IPXAddress;

boolean IPXEnabled;

uint32 IPXFrameType[];

uint32 IPXMediaType;

string IPXNetworkNumber[];

string IPXVirtualNetNumber;

uint32 KeepAliveInterval;

uint32 KeepAliveTime;

string MACAddress;

uint32 MTU;

uint32 NumForwardPackets;

boolean PMTUBHDetectEnabled;

boolean PMTUDiscoveryEnabled;

string ServiceName;

string SettingID;

uint32 TcpipNetbiosOptions;

uint32 TcpMaxConnectRetransmissions;

uint32 TcpMaxDataRetransmissions;

uint32 TcpNumConnections;

boolean TcpUseRFC1122UrgentPointer;

uint16 TcpWindowSize;

boolean WINSEnableLMHostsLookup;

string WINSHostLookupFile;

string WINSPrimaryServer;

string WINSScopeID;

string WINSSecondaryServer;

};

我们可以利用下列代码获取网卡的设置：
代码：

Imports System.Management

Dim searcher As New ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration ") Dim share As ManagementObject For Each share In searcher.Get() MessageBox.Show(share.GetText(TextFormat.Mof)) Next share

结果：

instance of Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration
{
Caption = "[00000001] Intel(R) PRO/100 S Desktop Adapter";
DatabasePath = "%SystemRoot%//System32//drivers//etc";
DefaultIPGateway = {"192.168.0.254"}; ‘网关
Description = "Intel(R) PRO/100 S Desktop Adapter"; ‘这个是惟一的
DHCPEnabled = FALSE;
DNSEnabledForWINSResolution = FALSE;
DNSHostName = "monkey";
DNSServerSearchOrder = {"192.168.0.254", "202.120.190.208"}; ‘两个备选 DNS
DomainDNSRegistrationEnabled = FALSE;
FullDNSRegistrationEnabled = TRUE;
GatewayCostMetric = {1};
Index = 1;
InterfaceIndex = 65539;
IPAddress = {"192.168.0.161"}; ‘本地的 IP
IPConnectionMetric = 20;
IPEnabled = TRUE;
IPFilterSecurityEnabled = FALSE;
IPSecPermitIPProtocols = {"0"};
IPSecPermitTCPPorts = {"0"};
IPSecPermitUDPPorts = {"0"};
IPSubnet = {"255.255.255.0"}; ‘ 掩码
IPXEnabled = FALSE;
MACAddress = "52:54:AB:DD:64:03";
ServiceName = "E100B";
SettingID = "{F5553268-53F8-48F6-A818-1432EEE04AE1}";
TcpipNetbiosOptions = 0;
WINSEnableLMHostsLookup = TRUE;
WINSScopeID = "";
};
如何改变网卡的这些设置呢？我们直接利用 Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration 的一些方法。我们利用到的方法主要有以下：

EnableStatic	启用静态的 TCP/IP 设置，输入两个参数一个是本地 IP 地址，另外一个是网络掩码。 // 一般我们都是利用这个方法设置网卡的 IP 属性
SetGateways	指定一系列的网关
SetDNSServerSearchOrder	以数组的形式传入 DNS 列表

下面是一个 Snippet ，根据列表框显示的网卡 Description 的不同，设置对应地网卡。

主要的代码：

Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load GetAllConfigurationalleNetCard() End Sub ‘修改设置 Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click Dim searcher As New ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration WHERE Description=""" & Me.ComboBox1.SelectedItem.ToString & """") Dim share As ManagementObject Dim iResult As Integer = 0 ‘ 判断是否修改成功。如果成功，后面的三个方法返回值都是0，注意返回的值是 Uint32 类型。 For Each share In searcher.Get() Console.WriteLine(share.GetText(TextFormat.Mof)) If Not (share.Item("IPAddress") Is Nothing) Then 'set address Dim ipAddresses() As String = {TextBox1.Text} ‘ IP 地址 Dim ipSubnetmask() As String = {TextBox2.Text} ‘掩码 Dim objpara() As Object = {ipAddresses, ipSubnetmask} iResult += Convert.ToInt32(share.InvokeMethod("EnableStatic", objpara)) Dim ipGateWay() As String = {TextBox3.Text} ‘网关 Dim GatewayCostMetric() As UInt16 = {UInt16.Parse("1")} Dim objpara1() As Object = {ipGateWay, GatewayCostMetric} iResult += Convert.ToInt32(share.InvokeMethod("SetGateways", objpara1)) 'set Dns Server Serach Order ‘ 多个dns 中间以减号分开 If Me.TextBox4.Text.IndexOf("-") > 0 Then Dim dnsServers As String() = TextBox4.Text.Split("-") Dim objpara2() As Object = {dnsServers} iResult += Convert.ToInt32(share.InvokeMethod("SetDNSServerSearchOrder", objpara2)) Else Dim dnsServers As String() = {Me.TextBox4.Text} Dim objpara2() As Object = {dnsServers} iResult += Convert.ToInt32(share.InvokeMethod("SetDNSServerSearchOrder", objpara2)) End If If iResult = 0 Then MessageBox.Show("修改成功") Else MessageBox.Show("修改失败，检查输入的格式和您是否有权限") End If End If Next share End Sub ‘ 获取网卡列表 Private Sub GetAllConfigurationalleNetCard() Dim searcher As New ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration") Dim share As ManagementObject Me.ComboBox1.Items.Clear() For Each share In searcher.Get() If Not (share.Item("IPAddress") Is Nothing) Then Me.ComboBox1.Items.Add(share("Description")) End If Next share Me.ComboBox1.SelectedIndex = 0 End Sub ‘获取网卡的详细信息 Private Sub GetConfiguraton(ByVal description As String) If description Is Nothing Or description.Length = 0 Then Exit Sub Else Dim searcher As New ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration WHERE Description=""" & description & """") Dim share As ManagementObject For Each share In searcher.Get() Me.TextBox1.Text = DirectCast(share.Item("IPAddress"), String())(0).ToString Me.TextBox2.Text = DirectCast(share.Item("IPSubnet"), String())(0).ToString Me.TextBox3.Text = DirectCast(share.Item("DefaultIPGateway"), String())(0).ToString Dim i As Integer Me.TextBox4.Clear() For i = 0 To DirectCast(share.Item("DNSServerSearchOrder"), String()).GetLength(0) - 1 Me.TextBox4.Text &= DirectCast(share.Item("DNSServerSearchOrder"), String())(i).ToString & "-" Next If i >= 2 Then Me.TextBox4.ForeColor = SystemColors.HotTrack Else Me.TextBox4.ForeColor = Me.TextBox3.ForeColor End If Me.TextBox4.Text = Me.TextBox4.Text.Remove(Me.TextBox4.Text.Length - 1, 1) Me.TextBox5.Text = share.Item("MACAddress").ToString Exit For Next share End If End Sub

需要注意的地方： InvokeMethod 传递的调用方法参数是 Object 类型，需要装箱操作。 EnableStatic SetGateways SetDNSServerSearchOrder 的返回值都是 Uint32，如果执行成功返回0，如果执行成功并且需要重启计算机则返回1。 Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration 方法的这些属性一般都是只读的，调用管理对象的SetPropertyValue 方法无效。

参考：
ms-help://MS.VSCC.2003/MS.MSDNQTR.2003FEB.2052/wmisdk/wmi/win32_networkadapterconfiguration.htm
如果需要详细的代码示例，请给我发 Email: Rainman_am_I@hotmail.com 请不要发超过100k的附件，否则直接被 Block 掉：）
2003-10-03 上海